徐州市城镇老年人卫生服务需求及利用研究
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摘要
目的 :调查徐州市城镇老年人健康及卫生服务需求、利用情况,为相关部门制定城镇老年人医疗保健策略和开展老年人卫生服务提供依据。方法 :采用问卷调查的形式对徐州市经济开发区715名60岁及以上的城镇老年人进行调查。结果 :城镇老年人慢性病患病率为47.8%,前五位慢性病为:高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中、恶性肿瘤。两周患病率27.7%,慢性病患病率47.8%,两周就诊率11.0%,就诊医疗机构主要为社区卫生机构,其次为私人诊所和三级医院。未就诊的主要原因是自觉病情轻,其次是经济困难。7.7%老年人表示对当前卫生服务价格很满意,36.8%表示较满意。85.3%的老年人认为现在的社区卫生服务机构能满足健康需求。88.2%的老年人最希望获得的医疗保健服务为定期健康检查。影响老年人卫生服务需求满足情况的因素是职业、是否患慢性病和是否有残疾。结论 :各级卫生行政部门及相关医疗机构应从老年人的健康特点和需求及社区实际情况出发,加大政策扶持和资金支持,强化社区卫生服务机构在老年人卫生服务中的基础作用。老年人也要提高自身健康意识,强化自我保健,积极参与卫生服务工作。
Objective :To understand the health status,demand and utilization of health services among urban elderly residents in Xuzhou,and to provide basis for the government and department of health to make health care policies and develop health services for the elderly. Methods :A questionnaire survey was conducted among 715 residents aged 60 years old and above in an economic development district in Xuzhou. Results :The prevalence rate of chronic disease in community elderly was 47.8%,and the top five chronic diseases were hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke and malignant tumor. Two week prevalence rate was 27.7%,chronic disease prevalence rate was 47.8%,and two week visiting rate was 11.0%. The main type of visiting clinic medical institutions were community health institutions,followed by private clinics and tertiary hospitals. The main reasons of not visiting a doctor were self-feeling of slight illness,followed by the economic difficulties. A total of 7.7% of older people were very satisfied with the current health service price,and 36.8% were satisfied. A total of 85.3% of the elderly thought community health service institutions now could meet the demand for health services. The most wanted health care service,reported by 88.2% of the elderly was regular health examination. The influencing factors of the elderly community health service evaluation were occupation,whether suffering from chronic diseases or not,and whether disabled or not. Conclusion :It is suggested that health administrative departments at all levels and the relevant medical institutions increase policy and financial support,and strengthen basic function of community health service institutions in the elderly health services according to health characteristics and needs of the elderly,and the practical situation. It is also proposed that the elderly improve their own health awareness,strengthen self health care,and actively participate in health services.
Objective :To understand the health status,demand and utilization of health services among urban elderly residents in Xuzhou,and to provide basis for the government and department of health to make health care policies and develop health services for the elderly. Methods :A questionnaire survey was conducted among 715 residents aged 60 years old and above in an economic development district in Xuzhou. Results :The prevalence rate of chronic disease in community elderly was 47.8%,and the top five chronic diseases were hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke and malignant tumor. Two week prevalence rate was 27.7%,chronic disease prevalence rate was 47.8%,and two week visiting rate was 11.0%. The main type of visiting clinic medical institutions were community health institutions,followed by private clinics and tertiary hospitals. The main reasons of not visiting a doctor were self-feeling of slight illness,followed by the economic difficulties. A total of 7.7% of older people were very satisfied with the current health service price,and 36.8% were satisfied. A total of 85.3% of the elderly thought community health service institutions now could meet the demand for health services. The most wanted health care service,reported by 88.2% of the elderly was regular health examination. The influencing factors of the elderly community health service evaluation were occupation,whether suffering from chronic diseases or not,and whether disabled or not. Conclusion :It is suggested that health administrative departments at all levels and the relevant medical institutions increase policy and financial support,and strengthen basic function of community health service institutions in the elderly health services according to health characteristics and needs of the elderly,and the practical situation. It is also proposed that the elderly improve their own health awareness,strengthen self health care,and actively participate in health services.
引文
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[2]王丽萍.杭州市社区老年居民卫生服务需求及分析[J].2010,22(6):628-630.
[3]朱晓平,刘雪荣,叶文,等.717名城镇老年人社区卫生服务需求探讨[J].中国流行病学杂志,2005,26(11):888-891.
[4]张雪芹,龙瑞芳,刘士荣,等.枣庄城市空巢老人健康状况和社区卫生服务需求的调查研究[J].中国全科医学,2010,13(10A):3179-3181.
[5]黄莉,张亮.重庆市老年人口社区卫生服务现状研究[J].重庆医学,2010,39(11):1362-1363.
[6]何佳桐,周燕荣,邹钦培,等.重庆市老年人住院利用及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(2):141-143.