涌泉根灌下灌水器埋深对水氮运移特性影响的研究
|
摘要
在陕北米脂县西北农林科技大学试验基地进行了涌泉根灌肥液入渗试验,研究了不同灌水器埋深条件下湿润体特征值的变化规律及水氮运移特性。结果表明:涌泉根灌肥液入渗累积入渗量、入渗率及各向湿润锋运移距离均随灌水器埋深增加而减小;累积入渗量与入渗时间之间符合Kostiakov幂函数模型;水平方向和竖直方向湿润锋运移距离均随入渗时间增长而增加。随着埋深增加,土壤含水率峰值出现位置越低,湿润体上部含水率越低,这有助于减小地表蒸发损失,土壤NH_4~+-N含量峰值出现位置越低;以NH_4~+-N峰值为界限,峰值以上,灌水器埋深增加,相同位置处NH_4~+-N含量越低,峰值以下,相同位置处NH_4~+-N含量越高。不同灌水器埋深条件下,土壤剖面NH_4~+-N含量分布差异较大,随埋深增加,入渗结束后NH_4~+-N含量峰值越深,但随着时间的延长,土壤表层NH_4~+-N含量升高速度更快。
The bubbled-root irrigation infiltration solution in experiments is conducted at the experimental base of the Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University in Mizhi County in northern Shaanxi Province. The characteristics of the wettability and the transport characteristics of the water and nitrogen are studied under different depths of the emitter. The results show that the cumulative infiltration and infiltration rates of infiltration of Bubbled-root irrigation infiltration solution all decrease with the depth of the emitter; the cumulative infiltration and infiltration time were in accordance with the Kostiakov power function model; horizontal direction and vertical The migration distance of vertical wetting front increase with the increase in infiltration time. With the deeper depth of the emitter,the migration distance of the anisotropic front shows a decreasing trend. The deeper the burial depth,the deeper the location of the peak soil moisture content,the lower the moisture content of the upper wetted body,which helps reduce surface evaporation losses. With the increase in burier depth,the deeper the peak of NH_4~+-N content,the higher the peak value of NH_4~+-N,the deeper the burial depth of the emitter,and the lower the NH_4~+-N content at the same location,below the peak value. Under different buried depths of emitters,the distribution of NH_4~+-N content in soil profiles is quite different. The deeper the burial depth,the deeper the peak value of NH_4~+-N content after infiltration,but with the extension of time,the content of NH_4~+-N in the soil surface increases faster.
The bubbled-root irrigation infiltration solution in experiments is conducted at the experimental base of the Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University in Mizhi County in northern Shaanxi Province. The characteristics of the wettability and the transport characteristics of the water and nitrogen are studied under different depths of the emitter. The results show that the cumulative infiltration and infiltration rates of infiltration of Bubbled-root irrigation infiltration solution all decrease with the depth of the emitter; the cumulative infiltration and infiltration time were in accordance with the Kostiakov power function model; horizontal direction and vertical The migration distance of vertical wetting front increase with the increase in infiltration time. With the deeper depth of the emitter,the migration distance of the anisotropic front shows a decreasing trend. The deeper the burial depth,the deeper the location of the peak soil moisture content,the lower the moisture content of the upper wetted body,which helps reduce surface evaporation losses. With the increase in burier depth,the deeper the peak of NH_4~+-N content,the higher the peak value of NH_4~+-N,the deeper the burial depth of the emitter,and the lower the NH_4~+-N content at the same location,below the peak value. Under different buried depths of emitters,the distribution of NH_4~+-N content in soil profiles is quite different. The deeper the burial depth,the deeper the peak value of NH_4~+-N content after infiltration,but with the extension of time,the content of NH_4~+-N in the soil surface increases faster.
引文
[1]刘显,费良军.灌水器流量对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2017,35(10):903-911.
[2]张志华,朱德兰,李向明,等.涌泉根灌灌水器外套材料配方试验研究[J].节水灌溉,2013(11):1-3.
[3]KOHN P,ROTH A.Plant root watering device:United States,USD456225[P].2002-04-30.
[4]SKIER M.Bio-degradable Plant root watering system:United States,USD5842309[P].1998-12-01.
[5]Cote C M,Bristow K L,Charlesworth P B,et al.Analysis of soil wetting and solute transport in subsurface trickle irrigation[J].Irrigation Science,2003,22(3-4):143-156.
[6]Bristow K L,Cote C M,ThorbumPJ,et al.wetting and solute transport in trickle irrigation systems[C]∥6th Intermational Micro-Conference(Micro2000),2000:1-9.
[7]Skaggs T H,T J Trout,Y Rothfuss.Drip irrigation water distribution pattern:effects of emitter rate,pulsing and antecedent water[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2010,74(6):1 886-1 896.
[8]李耀刚,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.涌泉根灌条件下土壤水分运动数值模拟研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(3):42-47.
[9]李耀刚,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.基于HYDRUS-3D的涌泉根灌土壤入渗数值模拟[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(6):536-552.
[10]牛全文,樊晓康,赵晓波,等.初始含水率对涌泉根灌土壤渗透特征的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2012,30(4):491-496.
[11]费良军,傅渝亮,何振嘉,等.涌泉根灌肥液入渗水氮运移特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(6):121-129.
[12]刘显,费良军,王佳,等.灌水器埋深对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2016,35(9):20-25.
[13]费良军,刘显,王佳,等.土壤容重对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(8):219-228.
[14]吴恒卿,黄强,魏群.涌泉根灌双点源交汇入渗湿润体试验研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(5):201-207.
[15]费良军,曹俊,聂卫波.涌泉根灌土壤湿润体特性试验[J].灌排机械学报,2011,29(3):260-265.
[16]黎朋红,汪有科,马理辉,等.涌泉根灌湿润体特征值变化规律研究[J].水土保持学报,2009(6):190-194.
[17]樊晓康,陈俊英,牛文全,等.涌泉根灌土壤湿润体影响因素的试验研究[J].节水灌溉,2011(10):1-4.
[18]李卓,吴普特,冯浩,等.容重对土壤水分入渗能力影响模拟实验[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):40-45.
[2]张志华,朱德兰,李向明,等.涌泉根灌灌水器外套材料配方试验研究[J].节水灌溉,2013(11):1-3.
[3]KOHN P,ROTH A.Plant root watering device:United States,USD456225[P].2002-04-30.
[4]SKIER M.Bio-degradable Plant root watering system:United States,USD5842309[P].1998-12-01.
[5]Cote C M,Bristow K L,Charlesworth P B,et al.Analysis of soil wetting and solute transport in subsurface trickle irrigation[J].Irrigation Science,2003,22(3-4):143-156.
[6]Bristow K L,Cote C M,ThorbumPJ,et al.wetting and solute transport in trickle irrigation systems[C]∥6th Intermational Micro-Conference(Micro2000),2000:1-9.
[7]Skaggs T H,T J Trout,Y Rothfuss.Drip irrigation water distribution pattern:effects of emitter rate,pulsing and antecedent water[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2010,74(6):1 886-1 896.
[8]李耀刚,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.涌泉根灌条件下土壤水分运动数值模拟研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(3):42-47.
[9]李耀刚,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.基于HYDRUS-3D的涌泉根灌土壤入渗数值模拟[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(6):536-552.
[10]牛全文,樊晓康,赵晓波,等.初始含水率对涌泉根灌土壤渗透特征的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2012,30(4):491-496.
[11]费良军,傅渝亮,何振嘉,等.涌泉根灌肥液入渗水氮运移特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(6):121-129.
[12]刘显,费良军,王佳,等.灌水器埋深对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2016,35(9):20-25.
[13]费良军,刘显,王佳,等.土壤容重对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(8):219-228.
[14]吴恒卿,黄强,魏群.涌泉根灌双点源交汇入渗湿润体试验研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(5):201-207.
[15]费良军,曹俊,聂卫波.涌泉根灌土壤湿润体特性试验[J].灌排机械学报,2011,29(3):260-265.
[16]黎朋红,汪有科,马理辉,等.涌泉根灌湿润体特征值变化规律研究[J].水土保持学报,2009(6):190-194.
[17]樊晓康,陈俊英,牛文全,等.涌泉根灌土壤湿润体影响因素的试验研究[J].节水灌溉,2011(10):1-4.
[18]李卓,吴普特,冯浩,等.容重对土壤水分入渗能力影响模拟实验[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):40-45.