我国乡村振兴若干问题思考
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摘要
[目的]乡村振兴战略是新时期我国"三农"工作的总抓手,是一项复杂的系统工程。从理论层面和操作层面对乡村振兴的规律性问题、规划落地问题进行综合系统探究,对有序推进乡村振兴具有重要理论和现实意义。[方法]基于当前乡村振兴战略实施现状和学术研究前沿,从城乡融合发展的视角系统探讨乡村振兴的理论逻辑、发展目标及实现路径。[结果]目前,我国乡村振兴理论准备不足,概念、标准、动力等尚不明晰;乡村振兴路径谋划不足,地区功能定位、主导产业配置、发展模式趋同;县域镇域村域的乡村振兴系统规划不足,存在对上位或其他地区规划文件的简单模仿;乡村振兴示范区推广价值不足,"锦上添花"式布局建设较为普遍;乡村振兴制度保障不足,人、地、资本等资源要素潜能亟待激活释放。[结论]乡村振兴是魅力上与城市无差距的等值发展状态,动力是城市田园化和乡村城镇化"双轮"驱动,突破口是"两园一体",标准是"六大魅力指数"全面提升;科学确立乡村振兴优先序,优化城乡布局结构;坚持规划先行、规划引领,系统谋划乡村振兴落地方案;分区分类创建乡村振兴示范区,探索可借鉴的经验与模式;创新体制机制,为乡村振兴保驾护航。
The strategy of rural revitalization is the general focus of the work of " agriculture,rural areas and farmers" in the new period. Exploring the problems of rural revitalization from the theoretical level and operational level,has an important theoretic and practical significance for the orderly promotion of rural revitalization. Based on the current situation of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and the academic research frontier,the theoretical and practical problems of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy are systematically considered and evaluated from the perspective of urban-rural integration development. The theory of rural revitalization is not well prepared,and the concept,standard and driving force are not clear. Rural revitalization strategy planning is insufficient. Regional functional positioning,leading industrial allocation and development model tend to be the same. The rural revitalization system planning of county,town and village is insufficient,and there is a simple imitation of the planning documents of the superior or other regions. Rural revitalization demonstration area promotion value is insufficient,layout of the " icing on the cake" is more common. The system of rural revitalization is inadequate,and the vitality of human,land,capital and other factors need to be released. The revitalization of rural areas is the same development status with no gap between urban charm and rural charm. Urban gardening and rural urbanization are the " two wheels" driving force. The breakthrough point is the integration of two parks. We should establish the priority order of rural revitalization scientifically,optimize urban and rural distribution structure and adhere to the planning firstly. Also we should make systematic planning of rural revitalization implementation plan and create a rural revitalization demonstration area,explore replicable and popularizing models. We will innovate systems and mechanisms to ensure the revitalization of rural areas.
The strategy of rural revitalization is the general focus of the work of " agriculture,rural areas and farmers" in the new period. Exploring the problems of rural revitalization from the theoretical level and operational level,has an important theoretic and practical significance for the orderly promotion of rural revitalization. Based on the current situation of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and the academic research frontier,the theoretical and practical problems of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy are systematically considered and evaluated from the perspective of urban-rural integration development. The theory of rural revitalization is not well prepared,and the concept,standard and driving force are not clear. Rural revitalization strategy planning is insufficient. Regional functional positioning,leading industrial allocation and development model tend to be the same. The rural revitalization system planning of county,town and village is insufficient,and there is a simple imitation of the planning documents of the superior or other regions. Rural revitalization demonstration area promotion value is insufficient,layout of the " icing on the cake" is more common. The system of rural revitalization is inadequate,and the vitality of human,land,capital and other factors need to be released. The revitalization of rural areas is the same development status with no gap between urban charm and rural charm. Urban gardening and rural urbanization are the " two wheels" driving force. The breakthrough point is the integration of two parks. We should establish the priority order of rural revitalization scientifically,optimize urban and rural distribution structure and adhere to the planning firstly. Also we should make systematic planning of rural revitalization implementation plan and create a rural revitalization demonstration area,explore replicable and popularizing models. We will innovate systems and mechanisms to ensure the revitalization of rural areas.
引文
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[10]赵之阳.以产业融合引领乡村振兴.中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(8):60-64,74.
[11]王轲,朱梦宇.基于乡村振兴战略的青岛市农村基础设施提档升级驱动力分析.中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(8):49-53.
[12]廖彩荣,陈美球.乡村振兴战略的理论逻辑、科学内涵与实现路径.农林经济管理学报,2017,16(6):795-802.
[13]张军.乡村价值定位与乡村振兴.社会科学文摘,2018(7):9-12.
[14]何仁伟.城乡融合与乡村振兴:理论探讨、机理阐释与实现路径.地理研究,2018,37(11):2127-2140.
[15]龙花楼,屠爽爽.论乡村重构.地理学报,2017,72(4):563-576.
[16]龙花楼,屠爽爽,戈大专.新型城镇化对扶贫开发的影响与应对研究.中国科学院院刊,2016,31(3):309-319.
[17]张军.乡村价值定位与乡村振兴.中国农村经济,2018(1):2-10.
[18]周游.广东省乡村规划体系框架的构建研究.华南理工大学,2016.
[19]唐华俊,罗其友,姜文来.农业区域发展学导论.北京.科学出版社,2008.
[2]赵海林.统筹城乡发展必须转变城市偏向发展战略.中国乡村发现,2010(2):24-27.
[3]马力阳,罗其友.我国城镇化与农村发展耦合协调时空特征及机制.地域研究与开发,2017,36(6):45-49,92.
[4]陆大道.关于“点—轴”空间结构系统的形成机理分析.地理科学,2002(1):1-6.
[5]陆大道,樊杰. 2050:中国的区域发展:中国至2050年区域科技发展路线图研究报告.北京.科学出版社,2009.
[6]陈坤秋,王良健,李宁慧.中国县域农村人口空心化——内涵、格局与机理.人口与经济,2018(1):28-37.
[7]龙花楼.论土地整治与乡村空间重构.地理学报,2013,68(8):1019-1028.
[8]史焱文.传统农区工业化进程中乡村聚落空间演变研究.河南大学,2016.
[9]刘彦随.中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴.地理学报,2018,73(4):637-650.
[10]赵之阳.以产业融合引领乡村振兴.中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(8):60-64,74.
[11]王轲,朱梦宇.基于乡村振兴战略的青岛市农村基础设施提档升级驱动力分析.中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(8):49-53.
[12]廖彩荣,陈美球.乡村振兴战略的理论逻辑、科学内涵与实现路径.农林经济管理学报,2017,16(6):795-802.
[13]张军.乡村价值定位与乡村振兴.社会科学文摘,2018(7):9-12.
[14]何仁伟.城乡融合与乡村振兴:理论探讨、机理阐释与实现路径.地理研究,2018,37(11):2127-2140.
[15]龙花楼,屠爽爽.论乡村重构.地理学报,2017,72(4):563-576.
[16]龙花楼,屠爽爽,戈大专.新型城镇化对扶贫开发的影响与应对研究.中国科学院院刊,2016,31(3):309-319.
[17]张军.乡村价值定位与乡村振兴.中国农村经济,2018(1):2-10.
[18]周游.广东省乡村规划体系框架的构建研究.华南理工大学,2016.
[19]唐华俊,罗其友,姜文来.农业区域发展学导论.北京.科学出版社,2008.