旅游资源开发对生态环境的指示作用
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摘要
以规模相似的湖南益阳花乡农家乐(HX)和土生源休闲旅游农庄(TSY)旅游资源开发区为研究对象,研究了其在开发和营业过程中对生态环境的响应.结果显示:研究区土壤均偏酸性,氮磷含量偏高;水体呈现轻度污染,偏酸性,氮磷含量偏高,其综合污染指数与来往人数有相关性;不同月份大气环境有所变化,二氧化硫和总悬浮颗粒(TSP)在春季和冬季含量最高,夏季较高,秋季较低,季度平均降雨p H值也在春冬季达到最小,夏季最高,秋季较小.初步推断旅游资源开发过程中,人类活动对周边生态环境产生了极大影响.
Two agricultural tourism resource development zones with similar size that they were on the development and operating,Yiyang Huaxiang farmhouse and Tushengyuan tourism,resort had been investigated. The results showed that the p H value in soil was low,partial acid and the contents of Nitrogen and phosphorus in soil was on the high side. Water in two farmhouses was polluted slightly compared with the national standard,partial acid,contents of Nitrogen and phosphorus in soil was on the high side. On the one hand,the comprehensive pollution index was related to the number of tourists. Detecting atmospheric environment showed that atmosphere environment was varing in different months,the concentration of sulfur dioxide and total suspended particles(TSP) was in the highest levels at the spring and winter,autumn and summer was lower. On the other hand,the p H value of rainfall was in the lowest in spring and winter,lower in autumn and higher in summer. Preliminary inferenced,human activities had the enormous influence to the surrounding ecological environment on the process of development of agricultural tourism resources.
Two agricultural tourism resource development zones with similar size that they were on the development and operating,Yiyang Huaxiang farmhouse and Tushengyuan tourism,resort had been investigated. The results showed that the p H value in soil was low,partial acid and the contents of Nitrogen and phosphorus in soil was on the high side. Water in two farmhouses was polluted slightly compared with the national standard,partial acid,contents of Nitrogen and phosphorus in soil was on the high side. On the one hand,the comprehensive pollution index was related to the number of tourists. Detecting atmospheric environment showed that atmosphere environment was varing in different months,the concentration of sulfur dioxide and total suspended particles(TSP) was in the highest levels at the spring and winter,autumn and summer was lower. On the other hand,the p H value of rainfall was in the lowest in spring and winter,lower in autumn and higher in summer. Preliminary inferenced,human activities had the enormous influence to the surrounding ecological environment on the process of development of agricultural tourism resources.
引文
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[16]李张伟,钟淑君.潮州市工业区冬季大气中二氧化硫和二氧化氮的分布特征研究[J].韩山师范学院学报,2011,32(6):60-64.LI Zhangwei,ZHONG Shujun.Temporal and spatial variations of atmospheric sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide pollution in main industrial areas of Chaozhou City[J].Journal of Hanshan Teachers College,2011,32(6):60-64.
[17]焦东旭,王艳丽.大气监测时段选择初探[J].华北工学院学报,2004,25(2):11-13.JIAO Dongxu,WANG Yanli.Exploration of choosing period of time about atmosphere monitoring[J].Journal of North China Institute of Technology,2004,25(2):11-13.
[18]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.BAO Shidan.Soil agrochemical analysis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000.
[19]石强,廖科,钟林生.旅游活动对植被的影响研究综述[J].浙江农林大学学报,2017,23(2):217-223.SHI Qiang,LIAO Ke,ZHONG Linsheng.A review of the effects of tourists'activities on vegetation[J].Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College,2017,23(2):217-223.
[20]张茜,杨东旭,钟永德,等.黄石寨景区旅游活动对典型植物群落的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2017,29(7):1158-1165.ZHANG Qian,YANG Dongxu,ZHONG Yongde,et al.Influences of tourism activities on typical plants communities in Huangshizhai scenic spot[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2017,29(7):1158-1165.
[2]张欢欢.河南省乡村旅游游客满意度及其与游后行为意向关系研究[J].信阳师范学院学报(自然科学版),2017,30(3):402-406.ZAHNG Huanhuan.The relationship between the tourist satisfaction and behavioral intention for rural tourism in Henan Province[J].Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2017,30(3):402-406.
[3]张奇志.旅游干扰对南湾国家森林公园植物组成特征的影响[J].信阳师范学院学报(自然科学版),2017,30(1):105-108.ZHANG Qizhi.Tourism effect on botanical composition features of Nanwan National Forest Park[J].Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2017,30(1):105-108.
[4]陈玲.新农村建设中河南省乡村休闲文化产业的开发模式研究——以新县为例[J].信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版),2015,35(2):37-39.CHEN Ling.Study on the development model of new rural construction in Henan Province rural leisure industry:Taking Xinxian County as an example[J].Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition),2015,35(2):37-39.
[5]赵爱民.“美丽中国”视角下的我国生态农业发展研究[J].农业经济,2014(1):40-42.ZHAO Aiming.Research on the development of ecological agriculture in China from the perspective of“beautiful China”[J].Agricultural economy,2014(1):40-42.
[6]刘萍.从欧美农业集群看中国的观光农业——以美国、意大利、波兰为例[J].生态经济,2014,30(4):138-142.LIU Ping.Agritourism clusters from Europe and America to China:Taking U.S.A,Italy and Poland for Example[J].Ecological Economy,2014,30(4):138-142.
[7]邓梅,祖鹏,刘韵琴.益阳“花乡农家乐”发展问题与对策研究[J].区域营销,2012(48):77-79.DENG Mei,ZU Peng,LIU Yunqin.Study on the development problems and countermeasures of Yiyang“huaxiang rural family music”[J].Regional Marketing,2012(48):77-79.
[8]唐高溶,郑伟,王祥,等.旅游对喀纳斯景区植被和土壤碳,氮,磷化学计量特征的影响[J].草业科学,2016,33(8):1476-1485.TANG Gaorong,ZHENG Wei,WANG Xiang,et al.Effects of tourism disturbance on the ecological stoichiometry characteristics of C,N and P of the vegetation and soil in Kanas Scenic Area[J].Pratacultural Science,2016,33(8):1476-1485.
[9]刘丽丽.北京灵山地区旅游开发对环境的影响研究[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(6):95-100.LIU Lili.Research the synthetical influence of ecological environment which suffered by tourism development in Beijing Ling Mountain Area[J].Journal of Capital Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2005,26(6):95-100.
[10]刘涛.旅游开发对环境影响问题的思考[J].生态环境保护,2011(3):128-130.LIU Tao.Consideration on the environmental impact of tourism development[J].Ecological Environmental Protection,2011(3):128-130.
[11]马剑,刘贤德,何晓玲,等.旅游干扰对祁连山风景区土壤性质的影响[J].土壤,2016,48(5):924-930.MA Jian,LIU Xiande,HE Xiaoling,et al.The influence of tourism disturbance on the soil property of qilian mountain scenic spot[J].Soil,2016,48(5):924-930.
[12]张景平,黄小平,江志坚,等.珠江口海域污染的水质综合污染指数和生物多样性指数评价[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(1):69-76.ZHANG Jingping,HUANG Xiaoping,JIANG Zhijian,et al.Assessment of the Pearl River Estuary pollution by water comprehensive pollution index and biodiversity index[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2010,29(1):69-76.
[13]何桂芳,袁国明.用模糊数学对珠江口近20年来水质进行综合评价[J].海洋环境科学,2007,26(1):53-57.HE Guifang,YUAN Guoming.Assessment of the water quality by fuzzy mathematics for last 20 years in Zhujiang Estuary[J].Marine Environmental Science,2007,26(1):53-57.
[14]杨军.重量法测定大气中总悬浮物颗粒物(TSP)的不确定度评定[J].计量与测试技术,2008,35(8):61-62.YANG Jun.Evaluation of uncertainty for determination of total suspended particulates(TSP)by gravimetric method[J].Metrology&Measurement Technique,2008,35(8):61-62.
[15]谭守姣,陈娟.离子色谱法测定居住区大气中二氧化硫的方法探讨[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2014,35(4):405-406.TAN Shoujiao,CHEN Juan.Determining the concentration of sulfur dioxide in air of residential areas by using the method of Ion Chromatography[J].Journal of Qiqihar University of Medicine,2014,35(4):405-406.
[16]李张伟,钟淑君.潮州市工业区冬季大气中二氧化硫和二氧化氮的分布特征研究[J].韩山师范学院学报,2011,32(6):60-64.LI Zhangwei,ZHONG Shujun.Temporal and spatial variations of atmospheric sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide pollution in main industrial areas of Chaozhou City[J].Journal of Hanshan Teachers College,2011,32(6):60-64.
[17]焦东旭,王艳丽.大气监测时段选择初探[J].华北工学院学报,2004,25(2):11-13.JIAO Dongxu,WANG Yanli.Exploration of choosing period of time about atmosphere monitoring[J].Journal of North China Institute of Technology,2004,25(2):11-13.
[18]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.BAO Shidan.Soil agrochemical analysis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000.
[19]石强,廖科,钟林生.旅游活动对植被的影响研究综述[J].浙江农林大学学报,2017,23(2):217-223.SHI Qiang,LIAO Ke,ZHONG Linsheng.A review of the effects of tourists'activities on vegetation[J].Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College,2017,23(2):217-223.
[20]张茜,杨东旭,钟永德,等.黄石寨景区旅游活动对典型植物群落的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2017,29(7):1158-1165.ZHANG Qian,YANG Dongxu,ZHONG Yongde,et al.Influences of tourism activities on typical plants communities in Huangshizhai scenic spot[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2017,29(7):1158-1165.