校园不同功能区植物群落结构与环境舒适度关系分析
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摘要
选择云南农业大学校园教学科研区和生活休憩区景观绿地中具有代表性的植物群落,以二氧化碳浓度、噪音及温度为环境舒适度评价指标,采用天然群落样方调查法和问卷调查法,分析了植物群落结构与环境舒适度之间的关系,以期为构建合理舒适的人工植物群落提供量化研究参考。结果显示:以单层植物群落结构作为对照组,教学科研区多层植物群落对环境舒适度的改善效果最好:其多样性指数H为1.471、二氧化碳浓度下降5%、噪音下降10%、温度下降15%、环境满意度62%;生活休憩区中双层植物群落对环境舒适度的改善效果最好:其多样性指数H为0.864、二氧化碳浓度下降2%、噪音下降3%、温度下降10%、环境满意度为76%。其中,教学科研区与生活休憩区植物群落结构由单层向双层递进和由双层向多层递进时,表现出环境舒适度与之呈正相关;而生活休憩区植物群落结构在由双层向多层递进时,则没有表现出与环境舒适度之间的正相关性。
By selecting the representative plant communities of the green landscape of sectorization in the campus of Yunnan Agricultural University,and taking the noise,temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide as the evaluation indicators of natural environment,this article uses natural quadrat sampling method and questionnaire survey method,to analyze the relationship between the structure of the plant communities and the natural environment.Through taking the single plant community structure as control group,the results show that the multilayer plant communities in teaching and scientific research area have best improving effects on natural environment which diversity index H is 1.471,the concentration of carbon dioxide decreases by 5%,noise decreases by 10%,temperature decreases by 15%,and the environmental satisfaction is 62%;the double-layer plant communities in life recreation area have the best effects on the natural environment,which diversity index H is 0.864,the concentration of carbon dioxide decreases by 2%,noise decreases by 3%,temperature decreases by 10%,and the environmental satisfaction is 76%.When the structure of plant communities in teaching and scientific research area changes from single layer into double layer and into multilayer,the environmental satisfaction is positively correlated,while that in life recreation area does not show the posive correlation.
By selecting the representative plant communities of the green landscape of sectorization in the campus of Yunnan Agricultural University,and taking the noise,temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide as the evaluation indicators of natural environment,this article uses natural quadrat sampling method and questionnaire survey method,to analyze the relationship between the structure of the plant communities and the natural environment.Through taking the single plant community structure as control group,the results show that the multilayer plant communities in teaching and scientific research area have best improving effects on natural environment which diversity index H is 1.471,the concentration of carbon dioxide decreases by 5%,noise decreases by 10%,temperature decreases by 15%,and the environmental satisfaction is 62%;the double-layer plant communities in life recreation area have the best effects on the natural environment,which diversity index H is 0.864,the concentration of carbon dioxide decreases by 2%,noise decreases by 3%,temperature decreases by 10%,and the environmental satisfaction is 76%.When the structure of plant communities in teaching and scientific research area changes from single layer into double layer and into multilayer,the environmental satisfaction is positively correlated,while that in life recreation area does not show the posive correlation.
引文
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[2]杨小波,吴庆书.城市生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[3]陈自新,苏雪痕,刘少宗.北京城市园林绿化生态效益研究[J].中国园林,1998,14(6):53~56.
[4]王治国,张云龙,刘徐师.林业生态工程学——林草建设与实践[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2000.
[5]丛春日,李吉跃.试论城市林业在我国城市发展中的作用[J].北京林业大学学报,1997,19(2):1~10.
[6]张新献,吉润泽,陈自新.北京城市居住区绿地的滞尘效应[J].北京林业大学学报,1997,19(4):12~17.
[7]刘丽,王川进.室外环境设计[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2011.
[8]张丽敏.简述当代高校校园中的功能分区[J].大众文艺,2010(10):195~196.
[9]王涛.覆盖遮荫网要特别注意两个问题[R].昆明:昆明市农科院研究所,2009.
[10]刘静岩.关于光照强度对光合作用强度影响问题的一点思考[J].中学生物学,2008,24(11):52.
[11]左利萍,焦健.兰州市高校校园绿地群落物种组成及多样性分析[J].广东园林,2007(5):44~47.
[12]刘宇,李宗璞.宿迁学院校园植物群落结构及景观特点分析[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(31):19248~19251.
[13]刘弘,马杰,姚连芳.高校园区几种人工植物群落的生态效应研究[J].西部林业科学,2006,35(4):51~56.