带根肿菌育苗基质消毒药剂筛选
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摘要
根肿病(clubroot disease)是十字花科蔬菜生产中的毁灭性病害,近年来在我国大面积发生,明确根肿病的侵染途径和防治方法对于十字花科蔬菜生产具有重要意义。本试验通过对育苗基质人工接种芸薹根肿菌,发现基质带菌可导致十字花科根肿病的发生,且带菌量越多根肿病发生越严重。在基质带菌量(芸薹根肿菌休眠孢子)为3×103个·m L-1的条件下,采用基质拌药法测定7种药剂消毒育苗基质对大白菜和花椰菜根肿病的防治效果。结果表明:50%氟啶胺悬浮剂和10%氰霜唑悬浮剂对根肿病的防治效果最好,防效均达到100.00%,而且对大白菜和花椰菜幼苗安全,可以作为基质消毒防治根肿病的药剂。
Clubroot disease,caused by Plasmodinophora brassicae, is a destructive disease for cruciferous vegetables.Recently,this disease occurred in China by large areas.It is of important significance for cruciferous vegetables production to clarify the infection ways and controlling methods of clubroot disease.In this study,the seedling substrates were artificially inoculated with clubroot pathogen.The results showed that the substrate carrying clubroot pathogen could lead to the occurrence of clubroot disease.And the more pathogen population in substrate,the more serious was clubroot disease.Moreover,in the presence of 3×103 dormant spores per mL in the substrate,the control efficiency of 7 kinds substrate with disinfectants against Chinese cabbage and cauliflower clubroot pathogens were determined.The results also indicated that 50% fluridamine suspension and 10% cyperazole suspension had the best control effect on clubroot diseases.The control effect could reach 100.00%.These 2 chemical agents were safe for Chinese cabbage and cauliflower seedlings and could be used as substrate disinfectants to control clubroot disease.
Clubroot disease,caused by Plasmodinophora brassicae, is a destructive disease for cruciferous vegetables.Recently,this disease occurred in China by large areas.It is of important significance for cruciferous vegetables production to clarify the infection ways and controlling methods of clubroot disease.In this study,the seedling substrates were artificially inoculated with clubroot pathogen.The results showed that the substrate carrying clubroot pathogen could lead to the occurrence of clubroot disease.And the more pathogen population in substrate,the more serious was clubroot disease.Moreover,in the presence of 3×103 dormant spores per mL in the substrate,the control efficiency of 7 kinds substrate with disinfectants against Chinese cabbage and cauliflower clubroot pathogens were determined.The results also indicated that 50% fluridamine suspension and 10% cyperazole suspension had the best control effect on clubroot diseases.The control effect could reach 100.00%.These 2 chemical agents were safe for Chinese cabbage and cauliflower seedlings and could be used as substrate disinfectants to control clubroot disease.
引文
郭孟报,杨明金,刘斌,牛坡,杨玲.2015.我国蔬菜育苗产业现状及发展动态.农机化研究,37(1):250-253.
何海艳,司军.2017.十字花科蔬菜根肿病及其综合防控技术.长江蔬菜,(14):1-4.
马兆红,司智霞.2017.蔬菜供应新形势下,生产者如何积极应对?中国蔬菜,(12):1-4.
司军,李成琼,肖崇刚,任雪松,王小佳.2003.甘蓝根肿病接种方法的研究.西南大学学报:自然科学版,25(3):216-219.
谭清,高熹,吴毅歆,王再强,何月秋,吴国星.2014.氟啶胺灌药浓度和时间对大白菜根肿病防效的影响.农业灾害研究,4(8):1-2.
王靖,黄云,李小兰,黎怀忠.2011.十字花科根肿病研究进展.植物保护,37(6):153-158.
杨佩文,尚慧,董丽英,刘树芳,李家瑞.2009.大白菜根肿病发病因素分析与防治技术.西南农业学报,22(3):663-666.
张日波.2010.成都市十字花科根肿病调查及药剂防治筛选[硕士论文].雅安:四川农业大学.
张真和,马兆红.2017.我国设施蔬菜产业概况与“十三五”发展重点.中国蔬菜,(5):1-5.
Chai A L,Xie X W,Shi Y X,Li B J.2014.Research status of clubroot(Plasmodiophora brassicae)on cruciferous crops in China.Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology,36:142-153.
Chai A L,Li J P,Xie X W,Shi Y X,Li B J.2016.Dissemination of Plasmodiophora brassicae in livestock manure detected by qPCR.Plant Pathology,65:137-144.
Hwang S F,Strelkov S E,Feng J,Gossen B D,Howard R J.2012.Plasmodiophora brassicae:a review of an emerging pathogen of the Canadian canola(Brassica napus)crop.Plant Pathology,13:105-113.
Niwa R,Kumei T,Nomura Y,Ezawa T.2007.Increase in soil pHdue to Ca-rich organic matter application causes suppression of the clubroot disease of crucifers.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,39(3):778-785.
Wallenhammar A C.1996.Prevalence of Plasmodiophora brassicae in a spring oilseed rape growing area in central Sweden and factors influencing soil infestation levels.Plant Pathology,45(4):710-719.
何海艳,司军.2017.十字花科蔬菜根肿病及其综合防控技术.长江蔬菜,(14):1-4.
马兆红,司智霞.2017.蔬菜供应新形势下,生产者如何积极应对?中国蔬菜,(12):1-4.
司军,李成琼,肖崇刚,任雪松,王小佳.2003.甘蓝根肿病接种方法的研究.西南大学学报:自然科学版,25(3):216-219.
谭清,高熹,吴毅歆,王再强,何月秋,吴国星.2014.氟啶胺灌药浓度和时间对大白菜根肿病防效的影响.农业灾害研究,4(8):1-2.
王靖,黄云,李小兰,黎怀忠.2011.十字花科根肿病研究进展.植物保护,37(6):153-158.
杨佩文,尚慧,董丽英,刘树芳,李家瑞.2009.大白菜根肿病发病因素分析与防治技术.西南农业学报,22(3):663-666.
张日波.2010.成都市十字花科根肿病调查及药剂防治筛选[硕士论文].雅安:四川农业大学.
张真和,马兆红.2017.我国设施蔬菜产业概况与“十三五”发展重点.中国蔬菜,(5):1-5.
Chai A L,Xie X W,Shi Y X,Li B J.2014.Research status of clubroot(Plasmodiophora brassicae)on cruciferous crops in China.Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology,36:142-153.
Chai A L,Li J P,Xie X W,Shi Y X,Li B J.2016.Dissemination of Plasmodiophora brassicae in livestock manure detected by qPCR.Plant Pathology,65:137-144.
Hwang S F,Strelkov S E,Feng J,Gossen B D,Howard R J.2012.Plasmodiophora brassicae:a review of an emerging pathogen of the Canadian canola(Brassica napus)crop.Plant Pathology,13:105-113.
Niwa R,Kumei T,Nomura Y,Ezawa T.2007.Increase in soil pHdue to Ca-rich organic matter application causes suppression of the clubroot disease of crucifers.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,39(3):778-785.
Wallenhammar A C.1996.Prevalence of Plasmodiophora brassicae in a spring oilseed rape growing area in central Sweden and factors influencing soil infestation levels.Plant Pathology,45(4):710-719.