长沙中低速磁浮运营线列车-桥梁系统耦合振动试验研究
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摘要
为探究不同桥梁结构形式对中低速磁浮列车-桥梁系统耦合振动的影响,选取长沙中低速磁浮运营线中的两种典型桥梁:一跨25 m简支梁和(25+35+25)m连续梁为研究对象,开展现场动载试验,测试了列车在桥梁上运行时车辆及桥梁的动力响应。首先分析两种桥梁的基频特性并与仿真值进行了对比,随后分析了车辆与桥梁的动力特性及振动加速度频谱分布特征。结果表明:两种桥梁基频的仿真值与实测值较为吻合;在磁浮列车作用下,简支梁及连续梁竖向加速度峰值均集中在20 Hz以内,横向加速度峰值分布在20～80 Hz,其中简支梁的振动加速度幅值整体大于连续梁。列车通过简支梁时,车体、悬浮侧架的振动频谱峰值分布与通过连续梁时一致,通过简支梁时的振动幅值更大;悬浮侧架竖、横向加速度远大于车体,空气弹簧具有良好的隔振效果。试验研究成果可为磁浮高架桥梁设计、相应规范或标准的制定提供借鉴。
In order to study effects of different bridge structures on coupled vibration of a low-medium speed maglev train-bridge system, field tests were conducted for a maglev train running on two typical bridges of Changsha low-medium speed maglev commercial operation line including a 25 m simply-supported girder bridge and a(25+35+25) m continuous one. Dynamic responses of vehicles and these two bridges were measured. Firstly, fundamental frequency characteristics of these two bridges were analyzed and compared with simulated ones. Then, dynamic characteristics and vibration acceleration spectra of the train and two bridges were analyzed. The results showed that the simulated fundamental frequencies of the two bridges agree well with the measured ones; under the action of the maglev train, the two bridges' vertical vibration acceleration peaks are concentrated in the frequency range of 0-20 Hz, while their lateral vibration acceleration peaks are distributed in the frequency range of 20-80 Hz; vibration acceleration amplitudes of the simply-supported girder bridge are totally larger than those of the continuous one; vibration spectral peak distributions of car bodies and suspension side frames when the train passing through the simply-supported bridge coincide with those when the train passing through the continuous one, vibration amplitudes when the train passing through the former are larger than those when it passing through the latter; vertical and lateral vibration accelerations of suspension side frames are much larger than those of car bodies, so air springs have good vibration isolation effect; the results can provide a reference for designing magnetic suspension viaducts and formulating corresponding norms and standards.
In order to study effects of different bridge structures on coupled vibration of a low-medium speed maglev train-bridge system, field tests were conducted for a maglev train running on two typical bridges of Changsha low-medium speed maglev commercial operation line including a 25 m simply-supported girder bridge and a(25+35+25) m continuous one. Dynamic responses of vehicles and these two bridges were measured. Firstly, fundamental frequency characteristics of these two bridges were analyzed and compared with simulated ones. Then, dynamic characteristics and vibration acceleration spectra of the train and two bridges were analyzed. The results showed that the simulated fundamental frequencies of the two bridges agree well with the measured ones; under the action of the maglev train, the two bridges' vertical vibration acceleration peaks are concentrated in the frequency range of 0-20 Hz, while their lateral vibration acceleration peaks are distributed in the frequency range of 20-80 Hz; vibration acceleration amplitudes of the simply-supported girder bridge are totally larger than those of the continuous one; vibration spectral peak distributions of car bodies and suspension side frames when the train passing through the simply-supported bridge coincide with those when the train passing through the continuous one, vibration amplitudes when the train passing through the former are larger than those when it passing through the latter; vertical and lateral vibration accelerations of suspension side frames are much larger than those of car bodies, so air springs have good vibration isolation effect; the results can provide a reference for designing magnetic suspension viaducts and formulating corresponding norms and standards.
引文
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[2] 赵春发.磁悬浮车辆系统动力学研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2002.
[3] 邓小星.中低速磁浮车辆系统动力学性能研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2009.
[4] 鲍佳,张昆仑.单磁铁电磁悬浮系统研究[J].计算机测量与控制,2003,11(11):863-865.BAO Jia,ZHANG Kunlun.Research of electromagnetic suspension system of single magnetic[J].Computer Measurement & Control,2003,11(11):863-865.
[5] 李小珍,王党雄,耿杰,等.F轨对中低速磁浮列车-桥梁系统竖向耦合振动的影响研究[J].土木工程学报,2017,50(4):97-106.LI Xiaozhen,WANG Dangxiong,GENG Jie,et al.Study on the influence of F-rail in vertical coupling vibration of low-medium speed maglev train-bridge system[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2017,50(4):97-106.
[6] 梁鑫,罗世辉,马卫华.常导磁浮列车动态磁轨关系研究[J].铁道学报,2013,35(9):39-45.LIANG Xin,LUO Shihui,MA Weihua.Study on dynamic magnet-track relationship of maglev vehicles[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(9):39-45.
[7] 赵春发,翟婉明,蔡成标.磁浮列车/高架桥垂向耦合动力学研究[J].铁道学报,2001,23(5):27-33.ZHAO Chunfa,ZHAI Wanming,CAI Chengbiao.Maglev vehicle/elevated-beam guideway vertical coupling dynamics[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2001,23(5):27-33.
[8] 时瑾,魏庆朝,吴范玉.高速磁浮铁路轨道梁振动分析及控制研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2003,13(10):76-80.SHI Jin,WEI Qingchao,WU Fanyu.Study on vibration of the beam of magnetic levitation express railway and its control[J].China Safety Science Journal,2003,13(10):76-80.
[9] 滕延锋.高速磁浮轨道梁在车辆荷载作用下的振动研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2008.
[10] 单春胜.中低速磁浮列车-桥梁系统竖向耦合振动研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.
[11] 翟婉明,赵春发.磁浮车辆/轨道系统动力学(Ⅰ)——磁/轨相互作用及稳定性[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(7):1-10.ZHAI Wanming,ZHAO Chunfa.Dynamics of maglev vehicle/guideway systems(Ⅰ)—magnet/rail interaction and system stability[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(7):1-10.
[12] 翟婉明,赵春发.磁浮车辆/轨道系统动力学(Ⅱ)——建模与仿真[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(8):163-175.ZHAI Wanming,ZHAO Chunfa.Dynamics of maglev vehicle/guideway systems(Ⅱ)—modeling and simulation[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(8):163-175.
[13] HAN H S,YIM B H,LEE N J,et al.Effects of the guideway’s vibrational characteristics on the dynamics of a maglev vehicle[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2009,47(3):309-324.
[14] ZHAO C F,ZHAI W M.Maglev vehicle/guideway vertical random response and ride quality[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2002,38(3):185-210.
[15] 时瑾,魏庆朝.线路不平顺对高速磁浮铁路动力响应特性的影响[J].工程力学,2006,23(1):154-159.SHI Jin,WEI Qingchao.The effect of guideway irregularity on the dynamic characteristics of high-speed maglev railway[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(1):154-159.