起重机轨道接头处断裂分析及其强化方法探讨
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摘要
现场轨道断裂部位主要集中于轨道接头伸缩缝处。轨道承接部分的主要作用是保证轨道与轨道之间的平稳运行,减小车轮在伸缩缝处受到的冲击。吊车运行时,轨道伸缩缝一方面受到冲击,另一方面轨道接头伸缩缝安装错位,截面突变处受到的力矩最大,容易导致断裂。另外,伸缩缝位置处轨道挡板连接不佳也弱化了此处的强度。为了解决上述问题,利用有限元仿真软件ANSYS建立模型,分析伸缩缝附近轨道接头截面变化处的应力,发现采用传统挡板连接时,轨道端头应力过大,是造成其断裂的主要原因。根据所得结果在对应位置处替换优化后的双翼挡板,通过计算,此挡板能有效解决轨道端头处应力集中现象,增大轨道接头处的强度。
The fault location of the track is mainly concentrated in the joints of the rail joints. The main function of the track under taking part is to ensure the smooth operation between the track and the track,to reduce the impact of the wheel at the expansion joints. When crane is operated,on one hand,the track expansion joints is impacted; on the other hand,the orbital joint expansion joints is installed dislocated,cross-section mutation is bore the largest torque,easily leading to fracture. In addition,the uneven connection of the track baffle at the position of expansion joint also weakens the strength here. In order to solve the above problems,the finite element simulation software ANSYS was used to establish the model,and the stress at the cross section of the track joint near the expansion joint was analyzed. Through analysis,it was found that the stress of the track end was too large. Therefore,according to the results obtained,the optimized wings baffle was replaced at the corresponding position. By calculation,this baffle can effectively slow down the phenomenon of excessive stress at the end of the track,increasing the strength of the rail joints.
The fault location of the track is mainly concentrated in the joints of the rail joints. The main function of the track under taking part is to ensure the smooth operation between the track and the track,to reduce the impact of the wheel at the expansion joints. When crane is operated,on one hand,the track expansion joints is impacted; on the other hand,the orbital joint expansion joints is installed dislocated,cross-section mutation is bore the largest torque,easily leading to fracture. In addition,the uneven connection of the track baffle at the position of expansion joint also weakens the strength here. In order to solve the above problems,the finite element simulation software ANSYS was used to establish the model,and the stress at the cross section of the track joint near the expansion joint was analyzed. Through analysis,it was found that the stress of the track end was too large. Therefore,according to the results obtained,the optimized wings baffle was replaced at the corresponding position. By calculation,this baffle can effectively slow down the phenomenon of excessive stress at the end of the track,increasing the strength of the rail joints.
引文
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[6]李广全,刘志明,王文静,等.高速动车组齿轮箱疲劳裂纹机理分析研究[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(2):99-105.LI G Q,LIU Z M,WANG W J,et al.Fatigue Crack Mechanism Study on High-speed EMU Gearbox[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(2):99-105.