定向气流TG-CVI法快速致密化盘状C/C复合材料工艺
|
摘要
C/C复合材料因其特异性能在航空航天、武器装备等领域得到了广泛应用.但其制备过程中致密化周期很长导致成本居高不下,限制了C/C复合材料在众多领域的应用.采用定向气流温度梯度气相渗透(TG-CVI)快速致密化方法制备盘状C/C复合材料,并对其致密化行为和致密化工艺进行研究.结果表明:定向气流TG-CVI法能有效抑制气相沉积过程中C/C复合材料表面"结壳"现象,实现盘状C/C复合材料的逐层快速致密化,是制备盘状C/C复合材料较为理想的工艺.在1 080℃下,只需沉积67 h,C/C复合材料的密度就可达到1.8 g/cm~3,热解碳结构全部为粗糙层结构(RL).
C/C composites have been widely used in aerospace, weaponry and other fields for their peculiar properties. However, in the process of their preparation, the cycle of densification is very long and the cost is high, which limits the application of C/C composites in many fields. A directed-flow temperature gradient chemical vapor infiltration(TG-CVI) rapid densification method was used to prepare disc-like C/C composites and their densification behavior and densification technics were studied. The result showed that the directed-flow TG-CVI method could effectively inhibit the phenomenon of "crusting" on the surface of C/C composite during vapor deposition and realize-by-layer rapid densification of discoid C/C composites. It would be an ideal process for the preparation of discoid C/C composites. At 1 080 ℃, only 67 h would be needed to make the density of C/C composite to reach 1.8 g/cm~3, and the structure of the pyrolytic carbon would entirely be rough-layer structure(RL).
C/C composites have been widely used in aerospace, weaponry and other fields for their peculiar properties. However, in the process of their preparation, the cycle of densification is very long and the cost is high, which limits the application of C/C composites in many fields. A directed-flow temperature gradient chemical vapor infiltration(TG-CVI) rapid densification method was used to prepare disc-like C/C composites and their densification behavior and densification technics were studied. The result showed that the directed-flow TG-CVI method could effectively inhibit the phenomenon of "crusting" on the surface of C/C composite during vapor deposition and realize-by-layer rapid densification of discoid C/C composites. It would be an ideal process for the preparation of discoid C/C composites. At 1 080 ℃, only 67 h would be needed to make the density of C/C composite to reach 1.8 g/cm~3, and the structure of the pyrolytic carbon would entirely be rough-layer structure(RL).
引文
[1] SIRON O,CHOLLON G,TSUDA H,et al.Microstructural and mechanical properties of filler-added coaltar pitch-based C/C composites:the damage and fraction process in correction with ae wave form parameters [J].Carbon,2000,38(9):1369-1389.
[2] 李贺军.炭/炭复合材料 [J].新型炭材料,2001,16(2):79-80.
[3] KOWBEL W,CHELLAPA V,WITHERS J C.Properties of C/C composites produced in one low cost manufacturing step [J].Carbon,1996,34(6):819-821.
[4] 薛宁娟,苏君明,肖志超.炭/炭复合材料CVI致密化技术的研究与发展 [J].材料工程.2008,27(4):47-52.
[5] 李艳,崔红,张华坤,等.热梯度 CVI 制备大尺寸C/C复合材料的致密化行为 [J].无机材料学报,2015,30(2):153-158.
[6] GOLECKI.Rapid vapor-phase densification of refractory composites [J].Materials Science & Engineering Reports,1997,20(2):37-124.
[7] 白瑞成.炭/炭复合材料ICVI致密化工艺及机理研究 [D].西安:西北工业大学,2005.
[8] 白瑞成,李贺军,席琛,等.碳/碳复合材料ICVI工艺的研究进展 [J].材料导报,2005,19(4):81-84.
[9] LIEBEMAN M L,PIERSON H O.Effect of gas phase conditions on resultant matrix pyrocarbons in carbon/carbon composites [J].Carbon,1974,12(3):233-241.
[10] 白瑞成,李贺军,徐向阳,等.一种制备C/C复合材料的高效等温ICVI工艺 [J].航空学报,2005,26(2):254-256.
[11] DELHAES P.Chemical vapor deposition and infiltration processes of carbon [J].Carbon,2002,40(5):641-657.
[12] HUTTINGER B W.Chemistry and kinetics of chemical vapor infiltration of pyrocarbon-V:infiltration of carbon fiber felt [J].Carbon,1999,37(6):941-946.
[13] 边国军,张卫红,李贺军.基于数值模拟的热梯度CVI制备C/C复合材料致密化行为 [J].复合材料学报,2011,28(4):29-33.
[14] WU Xiaojun,CHENG Wen,Qiao Shengru,et al.Fast densification of thick-walled carbon/carbon composite tubes using electrically coupled chemical vapor infiltration [J].Carbon,2013,57(3):371-379.
[15] TANG Z H,QU D N,XIONG J,et al.Effects of infiltration conditions on the densification behavior of carbon/carbon composites prepared by a directional-flow thermal gradient CVI process [J].Carbon,2003,41(14):2703-2710.
[16] LUO Ruiying,LIU Tao,LI Jinsong.Thermophysical properties of carbon/carbon composites and physical mechanism of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity [J].Carbon,2004,42(14):2887-2895.
[17] 孙国岭,李贺军,齐乐华.C/C复合材料热梯度CVI工艺致密化过程的非稳态温度场分析 [J].金属学报,2006,42(10):1046-1050.
[18] ZHANG W G,HU Z J,HUTTINGER K J.Chemical vapor infiltration of carbon fiber:optimization of densification and carbon microstructure [J].Carbon,2002,40(14):2529-2545.
[19] 和永岗,李克智,魏建.2D C/C复合材料微观结构与力学性能的研究 [J].无机材料学报,2010,25(2):173-176.
[2] 李贺军.炭/炭复合材料 [J].新型炭材料,2001,16(2):79-80.
[3] KOWBEL W,CHELLAPA V,WITHERS J C.Properties of C/C composites produced in one low cost manufacturing step [J].Carbon,1996,34(6):819-821.
[4] 薛宁娟,苏君明,肖志超.炭/炭复合材料CVI致密化技术的研究与发展 [J].材料工程.2008,27(4):47-52.
[5] 李艳,崔红,张华坤,等.热梯度 CVI 制备大尺寸C/C复合材料的致密化行为 [J].无机材料学报,2015,30(2):153-158.
[6] GOLECKI.Rapid vapor-phase densification of refractory composites [J].Materials Science & Engineering Reports,1997,20(2):37-124.
[7] 白瑞成.炭/炭复合材料ICVI致密化工艺及机理研究 [D].西安:西北工业大学,2005.
[8] 白瑞成,李贺军,席琛,等.碳/碳复合材料ICVI工艺的研究进展 [J].材料导报,2005,19(4):81-84.
[9] LIEBEMAN M L,PIERSON H O.Effect of gas phase conditions on resultant matrix pyrocarbons in carbon/carbon composites [J].Carbon,1974,12(3):233-241.
[10] 白瑞成,李贺军,徐向阳,等.一种制备C/C复合材料的高效等温ICVI工艺 [J].航空学报,2005,26(2):254-256.
[11] DELHAES P.Chemical vapor deposition and infiltration processes of carbon [J].Carbon,2002,40(5):641-657.
[12] HUTTINGER B W.Chemistry and kinetics of chemical vapor infiltration of pyrocarbon-V:infiltration of carbon fiber felt [J].Carbon,1999,37(6):941-946.
[13] 边国军,张卫红,李贺军.基于数值模拟的热梯度CVI制备C/C复合材料致密化行为 [J].复合材料学报,2011,28(4):29-33.
[14] WU Xiaojun,CHENG Wen,Qiao Shengru,et al.Fast densification of thick-walled carbon/carbon composite tubes using electrically coupled chemical vapor infiltration [J].Carbon,2013,57(3):371-379.
[15] TANG Z H,QU D N,XIONG J,et al.Effects of infiltration conditions on the densification behavior of carbon/carbon composites prepared by a directional-flow thermal gradient CVI process [J].Carbon,2003,41(14):2703-2710.
[16] LUO Ruiying,LIU Tao,LI Jinsong.Thermophysical properties of carbon/carbon composites and physical mechanism of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity [J].Carbon,2004,42(14):2887-2895.
[17] 孙国岭,李贺军,齐乐华.C/C复合材料热梯度CVI工艺致密化过程的非稳态温度场分析 [J].金属学报,2006,42(10):1046-1050.
[18] ZHANG W G,HU Z J,HUTTINGER K J.Chemical vapor infiltration of carbon fiber:optimization of densification and carbon microstructure [J].Carbon,2002,40(14):2529-2545.
[19] 和永岗,李克智,魏建.2D C/C复合材料微观结构与力学性能的研究 [J].无机材料学报,2010,25(2):173-176.