河南汉族人群中19项遗传性状特征的分布及法医学应用价值
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摘要
目的:调查河南汉族人群19项遗传性状的分布特点并探讨其在法医学中的应用。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样方法调查河南汉族人群1 010个无关个体,对前额发际、发旋、发式、达尔文结节、耳垂、耳垢、眼睑、鼻尖、卷舌、翻舌、三叶舌和尖舌12项头面部遗传性状,拇指关节、中指被毛、小指弯曲、利手、扣手、交叉臂和叠腿7项躯干部遗传性状的分布情况进行分析。结果:19项遗传性状中,前额发际、达尔文结节、眼睑、尖舌、三叶舌和扣手6项在男女间分布的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.868、5.493、7.264、5.298、7.769和5.144,P均<0.05)。在1 010个河南汉族无关个体中,19项遗传性状构成的表型组合共有938种,其中仅出现1次的有885种(87.62%);匹配概率为0.001 2,个人识别率达0.998 8。结论:河南汉族人群中19项遗传性状的表型组合具有较高的遗传多态性,在法医学个人识别等应用中具有一定的意义。
Aim:To investigate the distribution characteristics of 19 hereditary characters in Han population of Henan Province and to assess its application in forensic genetics. Methods:Distribution characteristics of 12 head and facial hereditary characters including front form of hair,hair whorl,hairdo,Darwin nodules,ear lobe,cerumen,eye fold of the upper eyelid,nose top,retroflex,twisting tongue,trefoil tongue and tip of tongue,and 7 trunk hereditary characters including thumb joint,hair of middle finger,curl of little finger,handedness,cross arm,folding leg,and hand clasping of 1 010 unrelated individuals were investigated in Henan Han population by using stratified cluster random sampling method. Results:Six hereditary characters including hair forehead,Darwin nodules,eyelids,pointed tongue,trefoil tongue and hand clasping had significant difference between males and females( χ2= 4. 868,5. 493,7. 264,5. 298,7. 769 and 5. 144,P < 0. 05). 938 types of combined phenotypes of 19 hereditary characters were observed among 1 010 unrelated individuals in Henan Han population. Out of them,885( 87. 62%) types were found only once. Probability of match and power of discrimination were 0. 001 2 and 0. 998 8,respectively. Conclusion:Combined phenotypes of 19 human hereditary characters in Henan Han population has high genetic polymorphism which is helpful for individual identification in forensic practice.
Aim:To investigate the distribution characteristics of 19 hereditary characters in Han population of Henan Province and to assess its application in forensic genetics. Methods:Distribution characteristics of 12 head and facial hereditary characters including front form of hair,hair whorl,hairdo,Darwin nodules,ear lobe,cerumen,eye fold of the upper eyelid,nose top,retroflex,twisting tongue,trefoil tongue and tip of tongue,and 7 trunk hereditary characters including thumb joint,hair of middle finger,curl of little finger,handedness,cross arm,folding leg,and hand clasping of 1 010 unrelated individuals were investigated in Henan Han population by using stratified cluster random sampling method. Results:Six hereditary characters including hair forehead,Darwin nodules,eyelids,pointed tongue,trefoil tongue and hand clasping had significant difference between males and females( χ2= 4. 868,5. 493,7. 264,5. 298,7. 769 and 5. 144,P < 0. 05). 938 types of combined phenotypes of 19 hereditary characters were observed among 1 010 unrelated individuals in Henan Han population. Out of them,885( 87. 62%) types were found only once. Probability of match and power of discrimination were 0. 001 2 and 0. 998 8,respectively. Conclusion:Combined phenotypes of 19 human hereditary characters in Henan Han population has high genetic polymorphism which is helpful for individual identification in forensic practice.
引文
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[2]Kayser M,Schneider PM.DNA-based prediction of human externally visible characteristics in forensics:motivations,scientific challenges,and ethical considerations[J].Forensic Sci Int Genet,2009,3(3):154
[3]Kayser M,de Knijff P.Improving human forensics through advances in genetics,genomics and molecular biology[J].Nat Rev Genet,2011,12(3):179
[4]陆宏,霍正浩,党洁,等.宁夏回、汉族12对遗传性状基因频率的研究[J].宁夏医学杂志,2008,30(9):772
[5]张庆忠,宋国琴,余跃生.贵州彝族白族16种遗传性状的基因频率[J].解剖学报,2009,40(3):503
[6]宋洁,邓代千,孙凯,等.黑龙江省汉族大学生遗传性状调查分析[J].生物学通报,2011,46(11):6
[7]李咏兰,陆舜华,郑连斌,等.江西汉族7项不对称行为特征的研究[J].华中师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,46(1):83
[8]薛虹,郑连斌,宇克利,等.安徽滁州汉族5项舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,32(4):71
[9]Fisher RA.Standard calculations for evaluating a bloodgroup system[J].Heredity(Edinb),1951,5(1):95
[10]Jones DA.Blood samples:probability of discrimination[J].J Forensic Sci Soc,1972,12(2):355
[11]张晓瑞,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.江西赣州客家5项舌运动类型的研究[J].南京师大学报:自然科学版,2012,35(3):87