2019年3月大气环流和天气分析
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摘要
2019年3月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极型分布,中高纬环流呈三波型分布,东亚槽偏东偏弱,导致弱冷空气频繁影响我国且路径偏东,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏强,南支槽强度较常年偏弱但短波活跃,与频繁南下的东路冷空气交汇造成江南华南降雨显著偏多。3月全国平均气温为5.6℃,较常年同期(4.1℃)偏高1.5℃;全国平均降水量为30.0 mm,接近常年同期(29.5 mm)。月内我国出现1次全国强冷空气过程;南方地区有7次区域性暴雨天气过程;北方地区有1次沙尘天气过程;3月强对流天气过程频繁,江西、广东、广西、湖南等省(区)多地遭受风雹袭击。
The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in March 2019 are as follows.There was one polar vortex center in the Northern Hemisphere,stronger than usual.The circulation in Eurasian middle-high latitudes showed a three-wave pattern.The East Asia trough was to the east of its normal,with a slightly weaker intensity,which made the weak cold air frequently affect China along an eastward path.The strength of Western Pacific subtropical high was stronger than in normal years.And the south branch trough was a little weaker than normal.The short-wave was active, and interacted with the cold air from east,leading to more rain in South China and south of the Yangtze River than normal years.The monthly mean temperature was 5.6℃,1.5℃ higher than normal.The monthly mean precipitation amount was 30.0 mm,almost equal to normal.One wave of strong cold air process and seven rainfall processes occurred during this month.One dust weather event happened in the northern part of China.The severe convection weather happened frequently,and Jiangxi,Guangdong,Hunan,and Guangxi were hit by severe thunderstorms and hails.
The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in March 2019 are as follows.There was one polar vortex center in the Northern Hemisphere,stronger than usual.The circulation in Eurasian middle-high latitudes showed a three-wave pattern.The East Asia trough was to the east of its normal,with a slightly weaker intensity,which made the weak cold air frequently affect China along an eastward path.The strength of Western Pacific subtropical high was stronger than in normal years.And the south branch trough was a little weaker than normal.The short-wave was active, and interacted with the cold air from east,leading to more rain in South China and south of the Yangtze River than normal years.The monthly mean temperature was 5.6℃,1.5℃ higher than normal.The monthly mean precipitation amount was 30.0 mm,almost equal to normal.One wave of strong cold air process and seven rainfall processes occurred during this month.One dust weather event happened in the northern part of China.The severe convection weather happened frequently,and Jiangxi,Guangdong,Hunan,and Guangxi were hit by severe thunderstorms and hails.
引文
国家气候中心,2019.2019年3月中国气候影响评价[EB/OL].National Climate Centre,2019.Assessment of climate impact over China in March 2019[EB/OL].https://cmdp.ncc-cma.net/influ/moni_china.php? product=moni-assessment(in Chinese).
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尤悦,张涛,陈义,2017.2017年3月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,43(6):762-768.You Y,Zhang T,Chen Y,2017.Analysis of the March 2017 atmospheric circulation and weather[J].Meteor Mon,43(6):762-768(in Chinese).
韩旭卿,张涛,2018.2018年3月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,44(6):850-856.Han X Q,Zhang T,2018.Analysis of the March2018 atmospheric circulation and weather[J].Meteor Mon,44(6):850-856(in Chinese).
胡宁,孙军,2016.2016年3月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,42(6):770-776.Hu N,Sun J,2016.Analysis of the March 2016 atmospheric circulation and weather[J].Meteor Mon,42(6):770-776(in Chinese).
赖芬芬,孙军,2015.2015年3月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,41(6):786-792.Lai F F,Sun J,2015.Analysis of the March 2015atmospheric circulation and weather[J].Meteor Mon,41(6):786-792(in Chinese).
尤悦,张涛,陈义,2017.2017年3月大气环流和天气分析[J].气象,43(6):762-768.You Y,Zhang T,Chen Y,2017.Analysis of the March 2017 atmospheric circulation and weather[J].Meteor Mon,43(6):762-768(in Chinese).