科学史的坐标系
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摘要
本世纪以来我国科学史学科发展迅速,学术地理版图变化剧烈。很多高校建设科学史系,是为建制化的科学史。建制化之外还有很多学者从事科学史研究,主要一支是原自然辩证法建制的队伍,后来分化为科技哲学和STS等。由于自然辩证法的历史渊源,中国的科技哲学(加STS)是一个大学科,人数众多。而科学史则是一个小学科。但是在美国,科技哲学是一个小学科,科学史则是一个大学科。美国高校建制化的科学史系也不多,相当一部分科学史学者身在历史系。而国内历史系则少有学者从事科学史。并且,国内科学史界与历史学界交流不多。随着国际交流的日益频繁,国内科学史界呈现多样化趋势。科学史需要走出去,关心历史学,尤其是关心全球史和环境史。科学史与环境史的结合,有望开出一种新的科学史或文明史。
Since the beginning of this century, the history of science in China has developed rapidly, and the academic fields have changed dramatically. Many universities have built their departments of history of science for the purpose of discipline institutionalization. The scholars who study in the history of science are mainly from the research team of dialectics of nature, which later divided into the philosophy of science, STS and so on. Due to the historical origin of dialectics of nature, philosophy of science and technology in China(and STS) is a large subject with a large number of researchers and students, while the history of science is small. But the contrary is the case in America. There are not many institutionalized departments of the history of science in American colleges,most of its researchers are subject to department of history. But in China few historian extends his/her research in the field of history of science, and the scholars of the history of science have little communication with historians. With the increasingly frequent international exchanges, the history of science in China also shows a trend of diversification. It needs to exchange more with history, especially global history and environmental history. The combination of the history of science and environmental history is expected to make a new history of science or civilization.
Since the beginning of this century, the history of science in China has developed rapidly, and the academic fields have changed dramatically. Many universities have built their departments of history of science for the purpose of discipline institutionalization. The scholars who study in the history of science are mainly from the research team of dialectics of nature, which later divided into the philosophy of science, STS and so on. Due to the historical origin of dialectics of nature, philosophy of science and technology in China(and STS) is a large subject with a large number of researchers and students, while the history of science is small. But the contrary is the case in America. There are not many institutionalized departments of the history of science in American colleges,most of its researchers are subject to department of history. But in China few historian extends his/her research in the field of history of science, and the scholars of the history of science have little communication with historians. With the increasingly frequent international exchanges, the history of science in China also shows a trend of diversification. It needs to exchange more with history, especially global history and environmental history. The combination of the history of science and environmental history is expected to make a new history of science or civilization.
引文
[1]翟淑婷.我国科学技术史一级学科的确立过程[J].中国科技史杂志, 2011, 32(1):23—37.
[2]刘文明.全球史:新兴的历史学分支学科[N].人民日报, 2012-03-01:理论版.
[3]麦克莱伦第三,多恩.世界史上的科学技术[M].王鸣阳译.上海:科技教育出版社,2003.
[2]刘文明.全球史:新兴的历史学分支学科[N].人民日报, 2012-03-01:理论版.
[3]麦克莱伦第三,多恩.世界史上的科学技术[M].王鸣阳译.上海:科技教育出版社,2003.