中国稀土国际市场势力测度及政策有效性研究
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摘要
本文基于买卖双方视角,运用拓展的SMR模型,选取13个中国稀土主要出口国为研究对象,对1992—2015年中国稀土出口贸易国际市场势力进行实证测度,并进一步探究中国稀土出口管制政策的效果。结果显示:整个阶段中国在国际稀土贸易出口市场中缺乏市场势力;从出口政策鼓励阶段到出口政策限制阶段中国稀土出口市场势力明显上升,反映出稀土出口管制政策成效显著。针对实证结果,本文从没有在源头上实行有效管控、国际市场改变供需结构应对出口限制、中国高端技术匮乏等角度具体分析了导致中国稀土市场整体势力缺乏的原因,并提出了相应的政策建议。
Based on the perspective of buyers and sellers, this paper develops the SMR model and selects 13 China's major export destinations during the period of 1992-2015 as the research object. This paper makes an empirical study on the international market power of China's rare earth export trade and further explores the effectiveness of China's rare earth export control policy. The results indicate that China lacks market power in the international rare earth trade export market during the whole period, and China's rare earth market power shows an upward trend from the supportive period to the restrictive period,which indicates that the rare earth export control policies produce a remarkable effect. In view of the empirical results, this paper analyzes the causes of deficiency in the seller's market power, such as no effective control over the source,the change of supply and demand structure in the international market to deal with export restrictions, the lack of high-end technology in China and so on. Finally, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.
Based on the perspective of buyers and sellers, this paper develops the SMR model and selects 13 China's major export destinations during the period of 1992-2015 as the research object. This paper makes an empirical study on the international market power of China's rare earth export trade and further explores the effectiveness of China's rare earth export control policy. The results indicate that China lacks market power in the international rare earth trade export market during the whole period, and China's rare earth market power shows an upward trend from the supportive period to the restrictive period,which indicates that the rare earth export control policies produce a remarkable effect. In view of the empirical results, this paper analyzes the causes of deficiency in the seller's market power, such as no effective control over the source,the change of supply and demand structure in the international market to deal with export restrictions, the lack of high-end technology in China and so on. Finally, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.
引文
[1]陈博文,钟钰,刘佳.基于市场势力视角对我国大米进口市场结构的研究[J].国际贸易问题,2015(3):118-127.
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[9]王正明,张许静.稀土资源税对“寡头”国出口市场势力的影响研究[J].经济经纬,2012(2):52-55.
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[11]徐斌.国际铁矿石贸易市场势力测度分析[J].经济问题探索,2016(10):73-79.
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[13]张平.世界稀土市场现状分析及我国的对策[J].国际贸易问题,2006(10):39-43.
[14]BAKER J B,BRESNAHAN T F.Estimating the Residual Demand Curve Facing A Single Firm[J].International Journal of Industrial Organization,1988,6(3):283-300.
[15]GOLDBERG P K,KNETTER M M.Measuring the Intensity of Competition in Export Markets[J].Journal of International Economics,1999,47(1):27-60.
[16]LERNER A.The Concept of Monopoly and the Measurement of Monopoly Power[J].Review of Economic Studies,1934,1(3):157-175.
[17]POOSIRIPINYO R,REED M.Measuring Market Power in the Japanese Chicken Meat Market[J].Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development,2015,1(2):135-148.
[18]SONG B H,MARCHANT M A,REED M R,ET AL.Competitive Analysis and Market Power of China's Soybean Import Market.[J].International Food&Agribusiness Management Review,2009,12(1):1416-1426.
[19]ZHANG L,GUO Q,ZHANG J,ET AL.Did China’s Rare Earth Export Policies Work?—Empirical Evidence from USA and Japan[J].Resources Policy,2015:82-90.
[2]方建春,宋玉华.我国在稀有金属出口市场的市场势力研究——以钨矿、稀土金属为例[J].国际贸易问题,2011(1):3-11.
[3]何欢浪.下游进口国家的稀土储备与我国稀土出口政策[J].财经研究,2014(4):56-65.
[4]刘慧芳.我国稀土出口贸易中利益相关方博弈分析[J].财贸经济,2011(9):85-91.
[5]潘安,魏龙.制度距离对中国稀土出口贸易的影响——基于18个国家和地区贸易数据的引力模型分析[J].国际贸易问题,2013(4):96-104.
[6]宋文飞,李国平,韩先锋.稀土定价权缺失、理论机理及制度解释[J].中国工业经济,2011(10):46-55.
[7]孙泽生,蒋帅都.中国稀土出口市场势力的实证研究[J].国际贸易问题,2009(4):31-37.
[8]王正明,余为琴.中国稀土贸易定价地位及其成因的实证分析[J].国际经贸探索,2014(5):49-61.
[9]王正明,张许静.稀土资源税对“寡头”国出口市场势力的影响研究[J].经济经纬,2012(2):52-55.
[10]邢斐,何欢浪,金梦等.下游国的贸易报复与中国稀土出口政策[J].世界经济,2012(8):92-114.
[11]徐斌.国际铁矿石贸易市场势力测度分析[J].经济问题探索,2016(10):73-79.
[12]杨大威,郑江淮.基于出口卡特尔的稀土国际定价权研究[J].现代经济探讨,2014(11):53-57.
[13]张平.世界稀土市场现状分析及我国的对策[J].国际贸易问题,2006(10):39-43.
[14]BAKER J B,BRESNAHAN T F.Estimating the Residual Demand Curve Facing A Single Firm[J].International Journal of Industrial Organization,1988,6(3):283-300.
[15]GOLDBERG P K,KNETTER M M.Measuring the Intensity of Competition in Export Markets[J].Journal of International Economics,1999,47(1):27-60.
[16]LERNER A.The Concept of Monopoly and the Measurement of Monopoly Power[J].Review of Economic Studies,1934,1(3):157-175.
[17]POOSIRIPINYO R,REED M.Measuring Market Power in the Japanese Chicken Meat Market[J].Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development,2015,1(2):135-148.
[18]SONG B H,MARCHANT M A,REED M R,ET AL.Competitive Analysis and Market Power of China's Soybean Import Market.[J].International Food&Agribusiness Management Review,2009,12(1):1416-1426.
[19]ZHANG L,GUO Q,ZHANG J,ET AL.Did China’s Rare Earth Export Policies Work?—Empirical Evidence from USA and Japan[J].Resources Policy,2015:82-90.