低温下活性污泥处理废水技术的研究进展
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摘要
冬季低温严重影响我国大部分地区的以生化法为主的污水厂的污水处理效率,难以实现达标排放,对环境负荷造成了严重的影响,低温(0～10℃)已经成为生物水处理领域目前面临的一大难题。综述了近年来低温废水处理技术的研究现状,总结了低温对活性污泥降解过程影响的理化指标,并以磁场强化好氧活性污泥、厌氧颗粒污泥处理低温废水为出发点,综述了活性污泥处理低温废水的研究进展,展望了活性污泥处理低温废水的发展前景,为进一步研究活性污泥处理低温废水提供理论指导。
The efficiency of wastewater treatment plants based on biochemical methods in most parts of China is seriously affected at low temperature in winter, and it is difficult to achieve the standard discharge, which has a serious impact on the environmental load. Low temperature(0 ～ 10 ℃) has been a major problem in the field of biological wastewater treatment.The research status of wastewater treatment at low temperature in recent years were reviewed and the indicators of the effect of low temperature on the degradation process of activated sludge were summarized. In terms of wastewater treatment at low temperature by enhancement of aerobic activated sludge by magnetic field and use of anaerobic granular sludge, the research status of wastewater treatment at low temperature by activated sludge in recent years were reviewed and its trends were prospected, to provide theguidances for further research on wastewater treatment by activated sludge at low temperature.
The efficiency of wastewater treatment plants based on biochemical methods in most parts of China is seriously affected at low temperature in winter, and it is difficult to achieve the standard discharge, which has a serious impact on the environmental load. Low temperature(0 ～ 10 ℃) has been a major problem in the field of biological wastewater treatment.The research status of wastewater treatment at low temperature in recent years were reviewed and the indicators of the effect of low temperature on the degradation process of activated sludge were summarized. In terms of wastewater treatment at low temperature by enhancement of aerobic activated sludge by magnetic field and use of anaerobic granular sludge, the research status of wastewater treatment at low temperature by activated sludge in recent years were reviewed and its trends were prospected, to provide theguidances for further research on wastewater treatment by activated sludge at low temperature.
引文
[1]ZHOU H,LI X,XU G,et al.Overview of strategies for enhanced treatment of municipal/domestic wastewater at low temperature[J].Science of the total environment,2018,643:225-237.
[2]刘海龙,任宇霞,张忠民.低温污水前置强化混凝[J].环境科学,2018(5):1-13.
[3]魏作红,朱堂龙.低温改性纳米二氧化钛处理印染废水[J].印染,2016(3):8-13.
[4]伍海全,周丽蓉,孙芬芬,等.应用生物强化技术处理高寒地区城市生活污水[J].环境工程学报,2017(6):3 511-3 517.
[5]唐子夏,殷红桂,汪银梅,等.低温条件下不同填料的BAF处理生活污水的试验研究[J].人民珠江,2017(10):91-94.
[6]张琪,张统,李志颖.低温条件下磁分离与装配式人工湿地处理小区污水试验研究[J].给水排水,2017(7):20-24.
[7]张晓飞,戴海平,孙磊,等.低温下多级AO-MBR工艺处理市政污水中试研究[J].水处理技术,2017(3):73-77.
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[9]艾胜书,徐辉,张雪花,等.我国寒冷地区城市污水生物处理工艺的研究与应用现状[J].长春工程学院学报(自然科学版),2014(3):50-52,57.
[10]周俊,周立祥,黄焕忠.污泥胞外聚合物的提取方法及其对污泥脱水性能的影响[J].环境科学,2013(7):2 752-2 757.
[11]崔迪.寒区污水生化处理系统微生物群落结构与功能解析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[12]周律,邢秀娟,彭标,等.低水温下悬浮和附着活性污泥胞外多聚物特性[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2016(9):1 009-1 015.
[13]田腾,周斌,王心海.低温条件下污水处理运行优化路径[J].环境与发展,2018(1):40-41.
[14]邓航,李茵.SBR处理印染废水的优化及活性污泥中酶活性的研究[J].宁夏农林科技,2013(3):103-105.
[15]王帆,任庆凯,田曦,等.低温城市污水活性污泥脱氢酶活性变化的试验研究[J].长春工程学院学报(自然科学版),2014(3):58-61.
[16]张浩,王玮,耿士文,等.DO浓度对微氧磁性活性污泥系统处理五氯酚废水的影响[J].中国造纸学报,2017(4):37-41.
[17]王晓东,毕学军,初正崑,等.反应温度变化对活性污泥沉降性能的影响分析[J].中国给水排水,2013(23):128-131.
[18]周巧,张琦,魏云林,等.低温微生物低温适应性的机制及其应用前景[J].上海环境科学,2012,31(2):76-79.
[19]唐双,王小雨.低温微生物及其在污水处理中的应用研究进展[J].科技通报,2015(07):229-236.
[20]高新新.活性污泥中耐冷菌的分离、鉴定及其对模拟污水COD去除效果[D].南京:南京农业大学微生物学,2014.
[21]王硕,时文歆,王燕,等.低温污水生物处理技术研究现状与展望[J].生物技术通报,2015(5):48-53.
[22]QUIDEAU S A,MCINTOSH A C,NORRIS C E,et al.Extraction and Analysis of Microbial Phospholipid Fatty Acids in Soils[J].Jvis exp,2016(114):3 791-3 793.
[23]FAN F,ZHANG B,MORRILL P L.Phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)analysis for profiling microbial communities in offshore produced water[J].Marine pollution bulletin,2017,122(1/2):194-206.
[24]WILLERS C,JANSEN V R P,CLAASSENS S.Phospholipid fatty acid profiling of microbial communities-a review of interpretations and recent applications[J].J appl microbiol,2015,119(5):1 207-1 218.
[25]姚晓东,王娓,曾辉.磷脂脂肪酸法在土壤微生物群落分析中的应用[J].微生物学通报,2016(9):2 086-2 095.
[26]尹勇,冯国勇,周静,等.生态强化法原位净化村镇污水微生物特性[J].环境化学,2015(4):792-797.
[27]A T M,MAKOTO K,NIWA S,et al.Comparison of fatty acid methyl ester methods for characterization of microbial communities in forest and arable soil:Phospholipid fraction(PLFA)versus total ester linked fatty acids(EL-FAME)[J].Journal of soil ecology,2017,63:14-18.
[28]ZHAO C,XING M,YANG J,et al.Microbial community structure and metabolic property of biofilms in vermifiltration for liquidstate sludge stabilization using PLFA profiles[J].Bioresource technology,2014,151:340-346.
[29]XIA Y,WANG X,WEN X,et al.Overall functional gene diversity of microbial communities in three full-scale activated sludge bioreactors[J].Applied microbiology and biotechnology,2014,98(16):7 233-7 242.
[30]SCHWAB V F,HERRMANN M,ROTH V,et al.Functional diversity of microbial communities in pristine aquifers inferred by PLFA-and sequencing-based approaches.pdf[J].Biogeosciences,2017,14:2 697-2 714.
[31]周新程,彭明国,陈晶,等.低温低碳源下表面流人工湿地净化污水厂尾水[J].中国给水排水,2017(17):113-116.
[32]张璐璐,丁丽丽,贺雪濛,等.直流电场强化活性污泥法处理木质素废水的效能、污泥特性及群落结构研究[J].环境科学学报,2018(1):160-172.
[33]NIU C,LIANG W,REN H,et al.Enhancement of activated sludge activity by 10-50 mT static magnetic field intensity at low temperature[J].Bioresource technology,2014,159:48-54.
[34]韩杰.稳恒梯度磁场对大豆玉米的生物学效应及其对酶的影响[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014.
[35]JAVANI JOUNI F,ABDOLMALEKI P,MOVAHEDIN M.Investigation on the effect of static magnetic field up to 15 mT on the viability and proliferation rate of rat bone marrow stem cells[J].Vitro cellular&developmental biology-animal,2013,49(3):212-219.
[36]YADOLLAHPOUR A,RASHIDI S,GHOTBEDDIN Z,et al.Electromagnetic Fields for the Treatments of Wastewater:AReview of Applications and Future Opportunities[J].Journal of pure and applied microbiology,2014,8(5):3 711-3 719.
[37]汪涛,张典典,王志强,等.磁场强化技术在污水处理中的研究进展[J].现代化工,2017(7):29-31.
[38]樊杰.磁效应强化活性污泥法的研究进展[J].广东化工,2013(1):62-63.
[39]ZAIDI N S,SOHAILI J,MUDA K,et al.Magnetic Field Application and its Potential in Water and Wastewater Treatment Systems[J].Separation&purification reviews,2014,43(3):206-240.
[40]GHODBANE S,LAHBIB A,SAKLY M,et al.Bioeffects of Static Magnetic Fields:Oxidative Stress,Genotoxic Effects,and Cancer Studies[J].BioMed research international,2013,2013:1-12.
[41]SCULLY C,COLLINS G,O FLAHERTY V.Anaerobic biological treatment of phenol at 9.5-15℃in an expanded granular sludge bed(EGSB)-based bioreactor[J].Water research,2006,40(20):3 737-3 744.
[42]ENRIGHT A M,COLLINS G,OFLAHERTY V.Lowtemperature anaerobic biological treatment of toluene-containing wastewater[J].Water research,2007,41(7):1 465-1 472.
[43]TSUSHIMA I,YOOCHATCHAVAL W,YOSHIDA H,et al.Microbial community structure and population dynamics of granules developed in expanded granular sludge bed(EGSB)reactors for the anaerobic treatment of low-strength wastewater at low temperature[J].Journal of environmental science and health,part a,2010,45(6):754-766.
[2]刘海龙,任宇霞,张忠民.低温污水前置强化混凝[J].环境科学,2018(5):1-13.
[3]魏作红,朱堂龙.低温改性纳米二氧化钛处理印染废水[J].印染,2016(3):8-13.
[4]伍海全,周丽蓉,孙芬芬,等.应用生物强化技术处理高寒地区城市生活污水[J].环境工程学报,2017(6):3 511-3 517.
[5]唐子夏,殷红桂,汪银梅,等.低温条件下不同填料的BAF处理生活污水的试验研究[J].人民珠江,2017(10):91-94.
[6]张琪,张统,李志颖.低温条件下磁分离与装配式人工湿地处理小区污水试验研究[J].给水排水,2017(7):20-24.
[7]张晓飞,戴海平,孙磊,等.低温下多级AO-MBR工艺处理市政污水中试研究[J].水处理技术,2017(3):73-77.
[8]XU J,HE J,WANG M,et al.Cultivation and stable operation of aerobic granular sludge at low temperature by sieving out the battlike sludge[J].Chemosphere,2018,211:1 219-1 227.
[9]艾胜书,徐辉,张雪花,等.我国寒冷地区城市污水生物处理工艺的研究与应用现状[J].长春工程学院学报(自然科学版),2014(3):50-52,57.
[10]周俊,周立祥,黄焕忠.污泥胞外聚合物的提取方法及其对污泥脱水性能的影响[J].环境科学,2013(7):2 752-2 757.
[11]崔迪.寒区污水生化处理系统微生物群落结构与功能解析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[12]周律,邢秀娟,彭标,等.低水温下悬浮和附着活性污泥胞外多聚物特性[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2016(9):1 009-1 015.
[13]田腾,周斌,王心海.低温条件下污水处理运行优化路径[J].环境与发展,2018(1):40-41.
[14]邓航,李茵.SBR处理印染废水的优化及活性污泥中酶活性的研究[J].宁夏农林科技,2013(3):103-105.
[15]王帆,任庆凯,田曦,等.低温城市污水活性污泥脱氢酶活性变化的试验研究[J].长春工程学院学报(自然科学版),2014(3):58-61.
[16]张浩,王玮,耿士文,等.DO浓度对微氧磁性活性污泥系统处理五氯酚废水的影响[J].中国造纸学报,2017(4):37-41.
[17]王晓东,毕学军,初正崑,等.反应温度变化对活性污泥沉降性能的影响分析[J].中国给水排水,2013(23):128-131.
[18]周巧,张琦,魏云林,等.低温微生物低温适应性的机制及其应用前景[J].上海环境科学,2012,31(2):76-79.
[19]唐双,王小雨.低温微生物及其在污水处理中的应用研究进展[J].科技通报,2015(07):229-236.
[20]高新新.活性污泥中耐冷菌的分离、鉴定及其对模拟污水COD去除效果[D].南京:南京农业大学微生物学,2014.
[21]王硕,时文歆,王燕,等.低温污水生物处理技术研究现状与展望[J].生物技术通报,2015(5):48-53.
[22]QUIDEAU S A,MCINTOSH A C,NORRIS C E,et al.Extraction and Analysis of Microbial Phospholipid Fatty Acids in Soils[J].Jvis exp,2016(114):3 791-3 793.
[23]FAN F,ZHANG B,MORRILL P L.Phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)analysis for profiling microbial communities in offshore produced water[J].Marine pollution bulletin,2017,122(1/2):194-206.
[24]WILLERS C,JANSEN V R P,CLAASSENS S.Phospholipid fatty acid profiling of microbial communities-a review of interpretations and recent applications[J].J appl microbiol,2015,119(5):1 207-1 218.
[25]姚晓东,王娓,曾辉.磷脂脂肪酸法在土壤微生物群落分析中的应用[J].微生物学通报,2016(9):2 086-2 095.
[26]尹勇,冯国勇,周静,等.生态强化法原位净化村镇污水微生物特性[J].环境化学,2015(4):792-797.
[27]A T M,MAKOTO K,NIWA S,et al.Comparison of fatty acid methyl ester methods for characterization of microbial communities in forest and arable soil:Phospholipid fraction(PLFA)versus total ester linked fatty acids(EL-FAME)[J].Journal of soil ecology,2017,63:14-18.
[28]ZHAO C,XING M,YANG J,et al.Microbial community structure and metabolic property of biofilms in vermifiltration for liquidstate sludge stabilization using PLFA profiles[J].Bioresource technology,2014,151:340-346.
[29]XIA Y,WANG X,WEN X,et al.Overall functional gene diversity of microbial communities in three full-scale activated sludge bioreactors[J].Applied microbiology and biotechnology,2014,98(16):7 233-7 242.
[30]SCHWAB V F,HERRMANN M,ROTH V,et al.Functional diversity of microbial communities in pristine aquifers inferred by PLFA-and sequencing-based approaches.pdf[J].Biogeosciences,2017,14:2 697-2 714.
[31]周新程,彭明国,陈晶,等.低温低碳源下表面流人工湿地净化污水厂尾水[J].中国给水排水,2017(17):113-116.
[32]张璐璐,丁丽丽,贺雪濛,等.直流电场强化活性污泥法处理木质素废水的效能、污泥特性及群落结构研究[J].环境科学学报,2018(1):160-172.
[33]NIU C,LIANG W,REN H,et al.Enhancement of activated sludge activity by 10-50 mT static magnetic field intensity at low temperature[J].Bioresource technology,2014,159:48-54.
[34]韩杰.稳恒梯度磁场对大豆玉米的生物学效应及其对酶的影响[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014.
[35]JAVANI JOUNI F,ABDOLMALEKI P,MOVAHEDIN M.Investigation on the effect of static magnetic field up to 15 mT on the viability and proliferation rate of rat bone marrow stem cells[J].Vitro cellular&developmental biology-animal,2013,49(3):212-219.
[36]YADOLLAHPOUR A,RASHIDI S,GHOTBEDDIN Z,et al.Electromagnetic Fields for the Treatments of Wastewater:AReview of Applications and Future Opportunities[J].Journal of pure and applied microbiology,2014,8(5):3 711-3 719.
[37]汪涛,张典典,王志强,等.磁场强化技术在污水处理中的研究进展[J].现代化工,2017(7):29-31.
[38]樊杰.磁效应强化活性污泥法的研究进展[J].广东化工,2013(1):62-63.
[39]ZAIDI N S,SOHAILI J,MUDA K,et al.Magnetic Field Application and its Potential in Water and Wastewater Treatment Systems[J].Separation&purification reviews,2014,43(3):206-240.
[40]GHODBANE S,LAHBIB A,SAKLY M,et al.Bioeffects of Static Magnetic Fields:Oxidative Stress,Genotoxic Effects,and Cancer Studies[J].BioMed research international,2013,2013:1-12.
[41]SCULLY C,COLLINS G,O FLAHERTY V.Anaerobic biological treatment of phenol at 9.5-15℃in an expanded granular sludge bed(EGSB)-based bioreactor[J].Water research,2006,40(20):3 737-3 744.
[42]ENRIGHT A M,COLLINS G,OFLAHERTY V.Lowtemperature anaerobic biological treatment of toluene-containing wastewater[J].Water research,2007,41(7):1 465-1 472.
[43]TSUSHIMA I,YOOCHATCHAVAL W,YOSHIDA H,et al.Microbial community structure and population dynamics of granules developed in expanded granular sludge bed(EGSB)reactors for the anaerobic treatment of low-strength wastewater at low temperature[J].Journal of environmental science and health,part a,2010,45(6):754-766.