不同光照强度对车前生长及叶绿素荧光参数的影响
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摘要
探索适宜于车前生长的光照条件,为车前人工种植技术的构建提供理论依据,以车前幼苗为材料,分别设置全光照作为对照(CK)、40%"45%遮阴(L_1)、90%"95%遮阴(L_2),研究不同光照强度下车前形态、生物量特征和叶绿素荧光参数的变化。结果表明:(1)重度遮阴显著增加叶长、叶宽、叶柄长、单叶面积及总叶面积,显著降低车前叶片数、株高、根长及穗数;轻度遮阴显著增加叶片宽度、叶柄长及穗数。(2)重度遮阴显著降低车前根、叶及总生物量;轻度遮阴增加叶、穗生物量及总生物量。(3)轻度及重度遮阴均显著降低车前叶绿素含量;轻度遮阴增加车前最大光化学量子产量(F_v/F_m)、光化学猝灭系数(q_P)、非光化学猝灭系数(q_N)。全光和重度遮阴抑制车前光合作用能力,进而抑制其生物量积累,可见轻度遮阴对车前生长有利。
The lighting conditions for the growth of plantago asiatica L.,was studied,aiming to provide a theoretical reference to the artificial cultivation technology of plantago asiatica L. It also investigated the effects of different shade density( light intensity is 100%,40% ～ 45% and 90% ～ 95%,respectively) on the seedling growth,biomass characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of plantago asiatica L. The results show that:( 1) The dense shading significantly increases leaf length,leaf width,petiole length,single leaf area and total leaf area,but reduces the number of leaves,plant height,root length and panicles of plantago asiatica; the light shading significantly increases leaf width,petiole length and panicles.( 2) The dense shading significantly reduces the root,leaf and the total biomass of plantago asiatica while light shading increases the biomass of leaf and spike and total biomass of plantago asiatica.( 3) Both the light and dense shading significantly reduce the chlorophyll content of plantago asiatica,while light shading increases the optimal/maximal quantum yield of PSⅡ( Fv/Fm),photochemical quenching coefficient( qP) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient( qN). Full light and dense shading inhibit the photosynthetic capacity of plantago asiatica so that its biomass accumulation is inhibited. As a result,light shading is beneficial to the growth of plantago asiatica.
The lighting conditions for the growth of plantago asiatica L.,was studied,aiming to provide a theoretical reference to the artificial cultivation technology of plantago asiatica L. It also investigated the effects of different shade density( light intensity is 100%,40% ～ 45% and 90% ～ 95%,respectively) on the seedling growth,biomass characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of plantago asiatica L. The results show that:( 1) The dense shading significantly increases leaf length,leaf width,petiole length,single leaf area and total leaf area,but reduces the number of leaves,plant height,root length and panicles of plantago asiatica; the light shading significantly increases leaf width,petiole length and panicles.( 2) The dense shading significantly reduces the root,leaf and the total biomass of plantago asiatica while light shading increases the biomass of leaf and spike and total biomass of plantago asiatica.( 3) Both the light and dense shading significantly reduce the chlorophyll content of plantago asiatica,while light shading increases the optimal/maximal quantum yield of PSⅡ( Fv/Fm),photochemical quenching coefficient( qP) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient( qN). Full light and dense shading inhibit the photosynthetic capacity of plantago asiatica so that its biomass accumulation is inhibited. As a result,light shading is beneficial to the growth of plantago asiatica.
引文
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[6]朱肖锋,周守标,杨集辉,等.不同光照强度对马蹄金叶的特征及总黄酮含量的影响[J].激光生物学报,2009,18(1):62-66.
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[9]肖宜安,李晓红,李蕴,等.铝胁迫对车前光合生理特性的影响[J].井冈山大学学报(自然科学版),2010,31(1):48-52.
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[12]刘贤旺,张寿文,胡生福,等.江西道地药材车前高产优质栽培技术研究[J].中国中药杂志,2004,29(10):941-943.
[13]文军,刘金祥,赵玉红.草本植物遮荫效应的研究进展[J].草业科学,2007,24(9):93-97.
[14]孙佳音,杨逢建,庞海河,等.遮荫对南方红豆杉光合特性及生活史型影响[J].植物研究,2007,27(4):439-444.
[15]ARANDA I,CASTRO L,PARDOS M,et al. Effects of the interaction between drought and shade on water relations,gas exchange and morphological traits in cork oak Quercus suber,L. seedlings[J]. Forest Ecology&Management,2005,210(1):117-129.
[16]JIMENEZ MD,PARDOS M,PUERTOLAS J,et al. Deep shade alters the acclimation response to moderate water stress in Quercus suber L.[J]. Forestry,2009,82(1):285-298.
[17]LEI T T,TABUCHI R,KITAO M,et al. Functional relationship between chlorophyll content and leaf reflectance,and light-capturing efficiency of Japanese forest species[J]. Physiologia Plantarum,1996,96(3):411-418.
[18]尹慧,安莹,陈雅君,等.不同遮阴强度下白三叶形态特征和生长动态[J].中国草地学报,2015,37(5):86-91.
[19]刘翠菊,郭霄,王奎玲,等.耐冬山茶对不同光照和水分的生理生态学响应[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(4):1125-1132.
[20]陶建平,钟章成.光照对苦瓜形态可塑性及生物量配置的影响[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(3):336-340.
[21]夏江宝,张光灿,刘京涛,等.遮光处理对山杏幼苗光合特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(11):2279-2285.
[22]秦舒浩,李玲玲.遮光处理对西葫芦幼苗形态特征及光合生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(4):653-656.
[23]陈菊艳,杨远庆.遮光对野扇花生长特性和生理指标的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(8):1646-1652.
[24]武冲,张晓敏,尹燕雷,等.遮阴对红叶樱花光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(2):48-53.
[25]周忆堂,马红群,梁丽娇,等.不同光照条件下长春花的光合作用和叶绿素荧光动力学特征[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(11):3589-3595.
[26]华劲松,戴红燕,夏明忠.不同光照强度对芸豆光合特性及产量性状的影响[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(2):136-140.
[27]PORTSMUTH A,NIINEMETS U. Structural and physiological plasticity in response to light and nutrients in five temperate deciduous woody species of contrasting shade tolerance[J]. Functional Ecology,2007,21(1):61-77.
[28]XU H J,GONG Z H,JIA Z Y,et al. Effect of Different Shade Levels on the Morphology and Physiological and Biochemical Indexes During Seedling Stage in Ornamental Pepper[J]. Northern Horticulture,2010,14(4):1-4.
[29]NIINEMETS. Role of Foliar Nitrogen in Light Harvesting and Shade Tolerance of Four Temperate Deciduous Woody Species[J].Functional Ecology,1997,11(4):518-531.
[30]杨志民,陈煜,韩烈保,等.不同光照强度对高羊茅形态和生理指标的影响[J].草业学报,2007,16(6):23-29.
[31]ZIEGENHAGEN B,KAUSCH W. Productivity of young shaded oaks(Quercus robur,L.)as corresponding to shoot morphology and leaf anatomy[J]. Forest Ecology&Management,1995,72(2/3):97-108.
[32]PUERTOLAS J,PARDOS M,DOLORES M,et al. Interactive responses of Quercus suber L. seedlings to light and mild water stress:effects on morphology and gas exchange traits[J]. Annals of Forest Science,2008,65(6):611-611.
[33]龙鹏,彭凌帅,韦小丽.不同立地类型棕榈人工林生长与产量的初步研究[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,36(6):32-37.
[34]李彩斌,郭华春.耐弱光基因型马铃薯在遮阴条件下的光合和荧光特性分析[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,25(8):1181-1189.
[2]张炜银,王伯荪,李鸣光,等.不同光照强度对薇甘菊幼苗生长和形态的影响[J].中山大学学报论丛,2002,22(1):222-226.
[3]SULTAN S E. Phenotypic plasticity in plants:a case study in ecological development[J]. Evol Dev,2003,5(1):25-33.
[4]RICHARDS CL,BOSSDORF O,MUTH NZ,et al. Jack of all trades,master of some on the role of phenotypic plasticity in plant invasions[J]. Ecol Lett,2006,9(8):981-993.
[5]王蕊,孙备,李建东,等.不同光强对入侵种三裂叶豚草表型可塑性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(7):1797-1802.
[6]朱肖锋,周守标,杨集辉,等.不同光照强度对马蹄金叶的特征及总黄酮含量的影响[J].激光生物学报,2009,18(1):62-66.
[7]龚福保,梁小敏,黄英金,等.不同播期、不同密度对车前生物性状及产量影响的研究[J].江西农业学报,2008,20(11):55-57.
[8]胡雪华,李蕴,邹天才.车前对铝胁迫生理响应的研究[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2014,22(5):495-501.
[9]肖宜安,李晓红,李蕴,等.铝胁迫对车前光合生理特性的影响[J].井冈山大学学报(自然科学版),2010,31(1):48-52.
[10]马武昌,王雁,彭镇华.车前和紫花地丁对水分胁迫的生理反应[J].林业科学研究,2006,19(5):633-637.
[11]张寿文,刘贤旺,胡生福,等.不同密度对江西车前产量及其构成因素的影响研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2004,26(2):263-265.
[12]刘贤旺,张寿文,胡生福,等.江西道地药材车前高产优质栽培技术研究[J].中国中药杂志,2004,29(10):941-943.
[13]文军,刘金祥,赵玉红.草本植物遮荫效应的研究进展[J].草业科学,2007,24(9):93-97.
[14]孙佳音,杨逢建,庞海河,等.遮荫对南方红豆杉光合特性及生活史型影响[J].植物研究,2007,27(4):439-444.
[15]ARANDA I,CASTRO L,PARDOS M,et al. Effects of the interaction between drought and shade on water relations,gas exchange and morphological traits in cork oak Quercus suber,L. seedlings[J]. Forest Ecology&Management,2005,210(1):117-129.
[16]JIMENEZ MD,PARDOS M,PUERTOLAS J,et al. Deep shade alters the acclimation response to moderate water stress in Quercus suber L.[J]. Forestry,2009,82(1):285-298.
[17]LEI T T,TABUCHI R,KITAO M,et al. Functional relationship between chlorophyll content and leaf reflectance,and light-capturing efficiency of Japanese forest species[J]. Physiologia Plantarum,1996,96(3):411-418.
[18]尹慧,安莹,陈雅君,等.不同遮阴强度下白三叶形态特征和生长动态[J].中国草地学报,2015,37(5):86-91.
[19]刘翠菊,郭霄,王奎玲,等.耐冬山茶对不同光照和水分的生理生态学响应[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(4):1125-1132.
[20]陶建平,钟章成.光照对苦瓜形态可塑性及生物量配置的影响[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(3):336-340.
[21]夏江宝,张光灿,刘京涛,等.遮光处理对山杏幼苗光合特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(11):2279-2285.
[22]秦舒浩,李玲玲.遮光处理对西葫芦幼苗形态特征及光合生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(4):653-656.
[23]陈菊艳,杨远庆.遮光对野扇花生长特性和生理指标的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(8):1646-1652.
[24]武冲,张晓敏,尹燕雷,等.遮阴对红叶樱花光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(2):48-53.
[25]周忆堂,马红群,梁丽娇,等.不同光照条件下长春花的光合作用和叶绿素荧光动力学特征[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(11):3589-3595.
[26]华劲松,戴红燕,夏明忠.不同光照强度对芸豆光合特性及产量性状的影响[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(2):136-140.
[27]PORTSMUTH A,NIINEMETS U. Structural and physiological plasticity in response to light and nutrients in five temperate deciduous woody species of contrasting shade tolerance[J]. Functional Ecology,2007,21(1):61-77.
[28]XU H J,GONG Z H,JIA Z Y,et al. Effect of Different Shade Levels on the Morphology and Physiological and Biochemical Indexes During Seedling Stage in Ornamental Pepper[J]. Northern Horticulture,2010,14(4):1-4.
[29]NIINEMETS. Role of Foliar Nitrogen in Light Harvesting and Shade Tolerance of Four Temperate Deciduous Woody Species[J].Functional Ecology,1997,11(4):518-531.
[30]杨志民,陈煜,韩烈保,等.不同光照强度对高羊茅形态和生理指标的影响[J].草业学报,2007,16(6):23-29.
[31]ZIEGENHAGEN B,KAUSCH W. Productivity of young shaded oaks(Quercus robur,L.)as corresponding to shoot morphology and leaf anatomy[J]. Forest Ecology&Management,1995,72(2/3):97-108.
[32]PUERTOLAS J,PARDOS M,DOLORES M,et al. Interactive responses of Quercus suber L. seedlings to light and mild water stress:effects on morphology and gas exchange traits[J]. Annals of Forest Science,2008,65(6):611-611.
[33]龙鹏,彭凌帅,韦小丽.不同立地类型棕榈人工林生长与产量的初步研究[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,36(6):32-37.
[34]李彩斌,郭华春.耐弱光基因型马铃薯在遮阴条件下的光合和荧光特性分析[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,25(8):1181-1189.