阳离子混凝剂PDA对水中苯酚的去除研究
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摘要
采用强化混凝法去除水中持久性有机污染物苯酚。对自制聚丙烯酰胺进行红外光谱(IR)和电镜扫描(SEM)表征。以苯酚为目标物,自制PDA为混凝剂,对含酚模拟废水进行混凝处理。研究了混凝剂投加量、搅拌强度、静置时间以及pH值对去除效果的影响。红外结果表明产物确为丙烯酰胺与二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵的共聚物(PDA);SEM显示其表面粗糙、多孔,表明其具有良好的吸附架桥能力。当苯酚初始浓度为0.75mg·L~(-1)时,PDA投加量为0.06mg·L~(-1),pH值控制在6~7,270r·min~(-1)快搅2min,50r·min~(-1)慢搅12min,沉降时间为30min时,苯酚去除率可达82.1%。
The removal of persistent organic pollutant phenol from water was measured by using enhanced coagulation.The characterization of homemade polyacrylamide was analysed by infrared spectroscopy( IR) and scanning electron microscopy( SEM). Phenol was selected as a model compound,and with homemade PDA as coagulant for water containing phenol coagulation process,the residual concentration was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry after coagulation treatment for phenol in water.During the coagulation/flocculation process,parameters such as coagulant dosage,stirring intensity,sedimentation time and pH value were investigated.The results showed that the product was indeed the copolymer of acrylamide and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride( PDA),and SEM reveald its rough surface and porous structure that it had the adsorption and bridge effect.The results showed that the laboratory-made PDA had better coagulation effect on phenol.When initial phenol concentration was 0. 75 mg·L~(-1),pH value from six to seven,the addition of a PDA dosage 0. 06 mg·L~(-1),and at the speed of 270 r·min~(-1) rapid stirring,and then at the speed of 50 r·min~(-1) slow stirring,sedimetation time 30 minutes,its removal rate of phenol was up to 82. 1%.
The removal of persistent organic pollutant phenol from water was measured by using enhanced coagulation.The characterization of homemade polyacrylamide was analysed by infrared spectroscopy( IR) and scanning electron microscopy( SEM). Phenol was selected as a model compound,and with homemade PDA as coagulant for water containing phenol coagulation process,the residual concentration was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry after coagulation treatment for phenol in water.During the coagulation/flocculation process,parameters such as coagulant dosage,stirring intensity,sedimentation time and pH value were investigated.The results showed that the product was indeed the copolymer of acrylamide and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride( PDA),and SEM reveald its rough surface and porous structure that it had the adsorption and bridge effect.The results showed that the laboratory-made PDA had better coagulation effect on phenol.When initial phenol concentration was 0. 75 mg·L~(-1),pH value from six to seven,the addition of a PDA dosage 0. 06 mg·L~(-1),and at the speed of 270 r·min~(-1) rapid stirring,and then at the speed of 50 r·min~(-1) slow stirring,sedimetation time 30 minutes,its removal rate of phenol was up to 82. 1%.
引文
[1]杨胜翔,王立章,伍波,等.基于AC/Sn O2-Sb粒子电极的苯酚电催化氧化[J].化工进展,2016,35(4):1 230-1236.
[2]李忠水,罗志敏,连锦明,等.膨胀石墨对苯酚的吸附研究[J].福建师范大学学报(自然科学版),2009,25(5):67-71.
[3]张亚平,张金丽,巫晶晶,等.超声协同非均相类Fenton反应氧化去除苯酚[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(12):3665-3 671.
[4]范荣桂,董雪,戴艺,等.Ir-Ru-Sn掺杂电极电催化法处理苯酚废水的实验研究[J].化学研究与应用,2016,28(7):942-946.
[5]陈晓华,魏刚,刘思远,等.高效降酚菌株Ochrobactrum sp.CH10生长动力学和苯酚降解特性的研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(11):3 956-3 961.
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[8]张建英,丁腾达,梁璐怡,等.水体生态系统对不同浓度水平苯酚污染的急性毒性响应[J].环境化学,2012,31(5):714-719.
[9]杨胜翔,王立章,伍波,等.基于AC/Sn O2-Sb粒子电极的苯酚电催化氧化[J].化工进展,2016,35(4):1 230-1236.
[10]宋瀚文,王东红,徐雄,等.我国24个典型饮用水源地中14种酚类化合物浓度分布特征[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(2):355-362.
[11]徐聪,乔向利.高活性包埋菌对低含量氨氮苯酚废水的处理研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(1):24-28.
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[15]Ipek I Y,Kabay N,Yuksel M.Application of adsorptionultrafiltration hybrid method for removal of phenol from water by hypercrosslinked polymer adsorbents[J].Desalination,2012,306:24-28.
[16]Zhang W X,Huang G H,Wei J,et al.Removal of phenol from synthetic waste water using gemini micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration(GMEUF)[J].J Hazard Mater,2012,(23l5-236):128-137.
[17]Zhou L,Hu J X,Zhong H,et al.Study of phenol removal using fluidized-bed Fenton process[J].Chem Eng Res Des,2012,90(3):377-382.
[18]Wang R C,Yu C W.Phenol degradation under visible light irradiation in the continuous system of photocatalysis and sonolysis[J].Ultrason Sonochem,2013,20(1):553-564.
[19]Kim H J,Suma Y,Lee S H,et al.Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase onto clay minerals using soil organic matter for phenol removal[J].J Mol Catal B-Enzym,2012,83:8-15.
[20]Zhang P,Ren B Z,Zhou Y,et al.Removal of acid from aqueous solution by dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and acrylamide[J].Asian J Chem,2013,25(8):4 431-4433.
[21]Zhang P,Zhang W,Zhu G C,et al.Preparation of polymeric phosphate aluminum-ferric chloride(PPAFC)and its application in humic acid removing[J].J Chem Pharma Res,2014,6(5):801-807.
[22]张立珠,陈晓东,马军,等.新生态Mn O2强化混凝去除苯酚的影响因素研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(10):2926-2 930.
[23]方道斌,郭睿威,哈润华,等.丙烯酰胺聚合物[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006:1-221.
[24]El-Reash Y G A,Abdelghany A M,Elrazak A A.Removal and separation of Cu(II)from aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes[J].Int J Biol Mac,2016,86(3-4):789-798.
[25]Haruma K,Hirotomo H,Yasuji O.Preparation of amphoteric latex by modification of styrene-acrylamide copolymer latex[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2010,26(26):2 015-2022.
[26]Pal P,Pandey J P,Sen G.Synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted polyvinyl pyrollidone(PVP-g-PAM)and study of its application in algal biomass harvesting[J].Ecol Eng,2017,100:19-27.
[27]Al-Hashmi A R,Luckham P F.Characterization of the adsorption of high molecular weight non-ionic and cationic polyacrylamide on glass from aqueous solutions using modified atomic force miccroscopy[J].Colloid Surface A,2010,358(1-3):142-148.
[28]郑怀礼,尤艳飞,邓晓莉,等.高分子量高纯度阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的合成[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(4):1075-1 080.
[29]陈可可,翟丁,周勇,等.阳离子聚丙烯酰胺改性聚乙烯醇纳滤膜的研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(2):42-45.
[30]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法(第4版)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:458-462.
[2]李忠水,罗志敏,连锦明,等.膨胀石墨对苯酚的吸附研究[J].福建师范大学学报(自然科学版),2009,25(5):67-71.
[3]张亚平,张金丽,巫晶晶,等.超声协同非均相类Fenton反应氧化去除苯酚[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(12):3665-3 671.
[4]范荣桂,董雪,戴艺,等.Ir-Ru-Sn掺杂电极电催化法处理苯酚废水的实验研究[J].化学研究与应用,2016,28(7):942-946.
[5]陈晓华,魏刚,刘思远,等.高效降酚菌株Ochrobactrum sp.CH10生长动力学和苯酚降解特性的研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(11):3 956-3 961.
[6]钱易,汤鸿霄,文湘华,等.水体颗粒物和难降解有机物的特性与控制技术原理·下卷难降解有机物[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2000:1-20,55-56.
[7]Kim J H,Yoon M H,Ueda Y,et al.Relationships between the abnormalities of the male reproductive organs and the accumulation of phenol compounds in the striped field mouse,apodemus agrarius,inhabiting Korea[J].Environ Pollut,2006,144(3):716-725.
[8]张建英,丁腾达,梁璐怡,等.水体生态系统对不同浓度水平苯酚污染的急性毒性响应[J].环境化学,2012,31(5):714-719.
[9]杨胜翔,王立章,伍波,等.基于AC/Sn O2-Sb粒子电极的苯酚电催化氧化[J].化工进展,2016,35(4):1 230-1236.
[10]宋瀚文,王东红,徐雄,等.我国24个典型饮用水源地中14种酚类化合物浓度分布特征[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(2):355-362.
[11]徐聪,乔向利.高活性包埋菌对低含量氨氮苯酚废水的处理研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(1):24-28.
[12]卫生部卫生标准委员会.GB5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》应用指南[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2010:2-3.
[13]Busca G,Berardinelli S,Resini C,et al.Technologies for the removal of phenol from fluid streams:A short review of recent developments[J].J Hazard Mater,2008,160(2-3):265-288.
[14]Amin M N,Mustafa A I,Khalil M I,et al.Adsorption of phenol onto rice straw biowaste for water purification[J].Clean Technol Envir,2012,14(5):837-844.
[15]Ipek I Y,Kabay N,Yuksel M.Application of adsorptionultrafiltration hybrid method for removal of phenol from water by hypercrosslinked polymer adsorbents[J].Desalination,2012,306:24-28.
[16]Zhang W X,Huang G H,Wei J,et al.Removal of phenol from synthetic waste water using gemini micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration(GMEUF)[J].J Hazard Mater,2012,(23l5-236):128-137.
[17]Zhou L,Hu J X,Zhong H,et al.Study of phenol removal using fluidized-bed Fenton process[J].Chem Eng Res Des,2012,90(3):377-382.
[18]Wang R C,Yu C W.Phenol degradation under visible light irradiation in the continuous system of photocatalysis and sonolysis[J].Ultrason Sonochem,2013,20(1):553-564.
[19]Kim H J,Suma Y,Lee S H,et al.Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase onto clay minerals using soil organic matter for phenol removal[J].J Mol Catal B-Enzym,2012,83:8-15.
[20]Zhang P,Ren B Z,Zhou Y,et al.Removal of acid from aqueous solution by dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and acrylamide[J].Asian J Chem,2013,25(8):4 431-4433.
[21]Zhang P,Zhang W,Zhu G C,et al.Preparation of polymeric phosphate aluminum-ferric chloride(PPAFC)and its application in humic acid removing[J].J Chem Pharma Res,2014,6(5):801-807.
[22]张立珠,陈晓东,马军,等.新生态Mn O2强化混凝去除苯酚的影响因素研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(10):2926-2 930.
[23]方道斌,郭睿威,哈润华,等.丙烯酰胺聚合物[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006:1-221.
[24]El-Reash Y G A,Abdelghany A M,Elrazak A A.Removal and separation of Cu(II)from aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes[J].Int J Biol Mac,2016,86(3-4):789-798.
[25]Haruma K,Hirotomo H,Yasuji O.Preparation of amphoteric latex by modification of styrene-acrylamide copolymer latex[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2010,26(26):2 015-2022.
[26]Pal P,Pandey J P,Sen G.Synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted polyvinyl pyrollidone(PVP-g-PAM)and study of its application in algal biomass harvesting[J].Ecol Eng,2017,100:19-27.
[27]Al-Hashmi A R,Luckham P F.Characterization of the adsorption of high molecular weight non-ionic and cationic polyacrylamide on glass from aqueous solutions using modified atomic force miccroscopy[J].Colloid Surface A,2010,358(1-3):142-148.
[28]郑怀礼,尤艳飞,邓晓莉,等.高分子量高纯度阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的合成[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(4):1075-1 080.
[29]陈可可,翟丁,周勇,等.阳离子聚丙烯酰胺改性聚乙烯醇纳滤膜的研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(2):42-45.
[30]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法(第4版)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:458-462.