同一种源锥连栎的种子形态特征及变异
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摘要
以建水县5个锥连栎种群的34个家系为研究材料,通过种长、种宽、种形指数、单粒重及千粒重5个性状指标的测定,分析锥连栎不同家系间及种群间种子形态特征及变异。结果表明,锥连栎种子的5个性状指标在家系内、家系间及种群间均存在着显著差异(P<0.05)或极显著差异(P<0.01)。不同家系及种群间种子性状的变异均以单粒重及千粒重最大,种长、种宽及种形指数3个性状更趋于稳定,种群间变异小于家系间的变异。其种子的形状主要受遗传控制,受环境影响较小,种子大小及质量则受分布区海拔的影响而存在一定的垂直变异。基于聚类分析结果,可优先选择格安、双剑峰、红田、燕子洞4个种群的4号、8号、9号、10号、15号、19号、20号、21号和34号共9个种子质量优良的家系作为锥连栎的采种母树。就种群而言,则是红田种群和双剑峰种群作为采种林分。
Taking 34 families of 5 Quercus franchetii populations as study materials,through examining seed length,seed width,seed index,single fruit weight and 1 000 seed weight,the seed morphological characteristics and variation were analyzed.The results showed that between different families and populations,the differences of 5 examined indexes obtained significant(P<0.05)or extreme significant(P<0.01).The variation of single seed weight and 1 000 seed weight were obvious among different families and population,whereas seed length,seed width and seed index tended to stable,the variation between different population was lower than among different families.The shape of seed was mainly controlled by gene,whereas slightly affected by environmental factors.Single seed weight and 1 000 seed weight showed vertical variation and geographic variation affected by elevation.Based on the cluster analysis,9 families from 4 populations,Ge'an,Hongtian,Yanzidong and Shuangjianfeng could be the mother trees.
Taking 34 families of 5 Quercus franchetii populations as study materials,through examining seed length,seed width,seed index,single fruit weight and 1 000 seed weight,the seed morphological characteristics and variation were analyzed.The results showed that between different families and populations,the differences of 5 examined indexes obtained significant(P<0.05)or extreme significant(P<0.01).The variation of single seed weight and 1 000 seed weight were obvious among different families and population,whereas seed length,seed width and seed index tended to stable,the variation between different population was lower than among different families.The shape of seed was mainly controlled by gene,whereas slightly affected by environmental factors.Single seed weight and 1 000 seed weight showed vertical variation and geographic variation affected by elevation.Based on the cluster analysis,9 families from 4 populations,Ge'an,Hongtian,Yanzidong and Shuangjianfeng could be the mother trees.
引文
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[21]常恩福,李思广,李娅,等.云南松与思茅松不同杂交组合球果和种子形态变异[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(6):8-14.
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[2]刘方炎,张志翔,王小庆,等.水分条件对锥连栎种子萌发及幼苗早期生长的影响[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2011,19(2):105-112.
[3]金振洲,区普定.我国的硬叶常绿阔叶林[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),1981(2):13-20.
[4]陈少瑜,赵文书,张树红.思茅松种子园遗传结构及遗传多样性[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2001,23(6):472-477.
[5]孙玉玲,李庆梅,杨敬元,等.秦岭冷杉球果与种子的形态变异[J].生态学报,2005,25(1):176-181.
[6]徐亮,包维楷,何永华.4个岷江柏种群的球果和种子形态特征及其地理空间差异[J].应用与环境生物学报,2004,10(6):707-711.
[7]张飞琳,郭美丽,齐天进,等.太白山油松球果和种子形态变异分析[J].陕西林业科技,2007(4):1-4,28.
[8]赵梦秋,陈怡佳,周鹏,等.刨花润楠不同种源种子性状的变异分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(2):47-52.
[9]王艺林,吕东,刘贤德,等.5个种源文冠果果实和种子表型性状变异分析[J].经济林研究,2018,36(3):38-47.
[10]余婷,孟丽媛,张辉红,等.锥连栎种子萌发对种皮和温度的响应[J].种子,2017,36(7):3-7.
[11]刘方炎,王小庆,李昆,等.金沙江干热河谷锥连栎群落物种组成与多样性特征[J].广西植物,2012,32(1):56-62.
[12]费世民,何亚军,王鹏,等.二淮库区锥连栎林土壤种子库和幼苗格局的初步研究[J].四川林业科技,2004,25(2):15-20.
[13]杜凤国,刘雪英.锥连栎的核型分析[J].吉林林学院学报,1992,8(3):49-51.
[14]刘志龙,虞木奎,唐罗忠,等.不同种源麻栎种子形态特征和营养成分含量的差异及聚类分析[J].植物资源与环境学报,2009,18(1):36-41.
[15]陈益泰,王树凤,陈雨春,等.弗吉尼亚栎种子产量、脱落过程与种子形态特征的变异及稳定性[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(4):524-530.
[16]唐晓倩,刘广全,李庆梅,等.8种落叶栎类种子形态特征比较分析[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(4):6O-64.
[17]唐晓倩,刘广全,王华田,等.6种落叶栎类种子形态特征和营养含量之差异[J].国际沙棘研究与开发,2013,11(1):21-26.
[18]王小平,刘晶岚,王九龄,等.白皮松种子及球果形态特征的地理变异[J].北京林业大学学报,1998,20(3):25-31.
[19]胡晋.种子生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:11-14.
[20]杨旭,杨志玲,周彬清,等.不同地理种源桔梗种子性状及苗期生长分析[J].植物资源与环境学报,2008,17(1):66-70.
[21]常恩福,李思广,李娅,等.云南松与思茅松不同杂交组合球果和种子形态变异[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(6):8-14.
[22]邓丽丽,张代敏,徐杨,等.云南松不同类型群体种子形态及萌发特征比较[J].种子,2016,35(2):1-6.