山羊正常腰椎椎体、软骨终板和髓核弥散特性的DCE-MRI研究
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摘要
目的利用不同对比剂通过动态增强MRI(DCE-MRI)研究山羊正常腰椎椎体、软骨终板和髓核弥散的途径及特性。方法选取8只成年雌性山羊,麻醉后静脉推注钆贝葡胺(Gd-BOPTA)行DCE-MRI扫描,剂量均为0.3 mmol/kg,观察山羊腰椎椎体、软骨终板和髓核中的感兴趣区域(ROI)的信号强度变化。参加上述实验的山羊饲养1周后,采用同样方法和剂量进行钆双胺(Gd-DTPA-B) DCE-MRI扫描。分别测量山羊腰椎椎体、软骨终板和髓核增强前及增强后0 min,5 min,10 min,30min,1 h,1.5 h,2 h,2.5 h的ROI信号强度值,绘制时间-增强率曲线并进行分析对比。结果静注Gd-BOPTA 0 min后,椎体信号强度上升至5 min时达到高峰(增强率216.1%±23.3%),然后缓慢下降,于1.5-2.5 h时再次缓慢上升;软骨终板区时间-增强率曲线与椎体大致相同,至5 min时上升至最高峰(增强率168.7%±39.4%),而后下降趋势较为平缓;髓核时间-增强率曲线呈缓慢上升趋势,至2 h时达到最高峰(增强率102.4%±21.4%),其后迅速下降。静注Gd-DTPA-B后,椎体信号强度从0 min开始迅速上升,上升幅度较Gd-BOPTA低,5 min时达到高峰(增强率119.1%±6.81%),其后缓慢下降,2.5 h时趋于平缓;软骨终板区信号强度从0 min开始上升,10 min时上升至最高峰(增强率81.6%±16.8%),其后下降趋势较为平缓;髓核区信号强度在5 min内显示为负值,之后缓慢上升,2.5 h时达到最高峰(增强率88.5%±7.56%)。两组对比剂在山羊椎体、软骨终板中增强率的最高峰值之间差异有统计学意义(P <0.01),而在山羊腰椎髓核中增强率的最高峰值之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.11)。结论利用DCE-MRI技术可以动态模拟山羊腰椎椎体、软骨终板和髓核弥散的途径,而且溶质的剂量、电磁性和分子量都是影响终板弥散过程的重要因素。
Objective To study the diffusion pathway and characteristics of lumbar vertebrae,cartilage endplate and nucleus pulposus in normal goats using dynamic contrast enhanced MRI(DCE-MRI) with two different contrast agents. Methods Eight adult female goats were selected as experiment samples. After anesthesia,DCE-MRI examinations were performed in the goats with intravenous injection of gadobenate dimeglumine(Gd-BOPTA) and gadodiamide(Gd-DTPA-B) at a dosage of 0.3 mmol/kg,respectively. The signal intensities of regions of interest(ROI) in the vertebrae,cartilage endplate and nucleus pulposus were measured before enhancement,and 0 min,5 min,10 min,30 min,1 h,1.5 h,2 h,and 2.5 h after enhancement,respectively,and the time-signal intensity curves were drawn and analyzed. Results After intravenous administration of Gd-BOPTA,the signal intensity in the vertebrae reached a peak(216.1% ±23.3%) at 5 min after enhancement and then decreased gradually,and started rising again 1.5-2.5 h after enhancement. The time-signal intensity curve in the cartilage endplate region was similar with that in the vertebrae,with a peak of signal intensity at 168.7% ±39.4%. The signal intensity in the nucleus pulposus showed a slow upward trend,and reached a peak(102.4% ±21.4%) at 2 h,and decreased rapidly afterwards. After intravenous administration of Gd-DTPA-B,the signal intensity in the vertebrae reached a peak(119.1% ±6.81%) at 5 min,decreased gradually and began to flatten at 2.5 h. The signal intensity in the cartilage endplate region reached a peak(81.6% ±16.8%) at 10 min,and decreased gradually afterwards. The signal intensity in the nucleus pulposus was negative within 5 min,and increased slowly to a peak(88.5% ±7.56%) at 2.5 h. There was significant difference in the maximal signal intensities in the vertebrae and cartilage endplate between two contrast agents(P < 0.01),however,there was no significant difference in the maximal signal intensities in the nucleus pulposus(P = 0.11). Conclusion The diffusion pathway of lumbar vertebrae,cartilage endplate and nucleus pulposus in normal goats can be simulated by DCE-MRI technology. The dosage,electromagnetism and molecular weight of the solute are the important factors for influencing the diffusion of endplate.
Objective To study the diffusion pathway and characteristics of lumbar vertebrae,cartilage endplate and nucleus pulposus in normal goats using dynamic contrast enhanced MRI(DCE-MRI) with two different contrast agents. Methods Eight adult female goats were selected as experiment samples. After anesthesia,DCE-MRI examinations were performed in the goats with intravenous injection of gadobenate dimeglumine(Gd-BOPTA) and gadodiamide(Gd-DTPA-B) at a dosage of 0.3 mmol/kg,respectively. The signal intensities of regions of interest(ROI) in the vertebrae,cartilage endplate and nucleus pulposus were measured before enhancement,and 0 min,5 min,10 min,30 min,1 h,1.5 h,2 h,and 2.5 h after enhancement,respectively,and the time-signal intensity curves were drawn and analyzed. Results After intravenous administration of Gd-BOPTA,the signal intensity in the vertebrae reached a peak(216.1% ±23.3%) at 5 min after enhancement and then decreased gradually,and started rising again 1.5-2.5 h after enhancement. The time-signal intensity curve in the cartilage endplate region was similar with that in the vertebrae,with a peak of signal intensity at 168.7% ±39.4%. The signal intensity in the nucleus pulposus showed a slow upward trend,and reached a peak(102.4% ±21.4%) at 2 h,and decreased rapidly afterwards. After intravenous administration of Gd-DTPA-B,the signal intensity in the vertebrae reached a peak(119.1% ±6.81%) at 5 min,decreased gradually and began to flatten at 2.5 h. The signal intensity in the cartilage endplate region reached a peak(81.6% ±16.8%) at 10 min,and decreased gradually afterwards. The signal intensity in the nucleus pulposus was negative within 5 min,and increased slowly to a peak(88.5% ±7.56%) at 2.5 h. There was significant difference in the maximal signal intensities in the vertebrae and cartilage endplate between two contrast agents(P < 0.01),however,there was no significant difference in the maximal signal intensities in the nucleus pulposus(P = 0.11). Conclusion The diffusion pathway of lumbar vertebrae,cartilage endplate and nucleus pulposus in normal goats can be simulated by DCE-MRI technology. The dosage,electromagnetism and molecular weight of the solute are the important factors for influencing the diffusion of endplate.
引文
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[19]Soukane DM,Shirazi-Adl A,Urban JP.Computation of coupled diffusion of oxygen,glucose and lactic acid in an intervertebral disc[J].J Biomech,2007,40(12):2645-2654.
[20]Perlewitz TJ,Haughton VM,Riley LH 3rd,et al.Effect of molecular weight on the diffusion of contrast media into cartilage[J].Spine,1997,22(23):2707-2710.
[2]Zhu Q,Gao X,Levene HB,et al.Influences of nutrition supply and pathways on the degenerative patterns in human intervertebral disc[J].Spine,2016,41(7):568-576.
[3]Benneker LM,Heini PF,Alini M,et al.2004 Young investigator award winner:vertebral endplate marrow contact channel occlusions and intervertebral disc degeneration[J].Spine,2005,30(2):167-173.
[4]Rajasekaran S,Venkatadass K,Naresh Babu J,et al.Pharmacological enhancement of disc diffusion and differentiation of healthy,ageing and degenerated discs:results from in-vivo serial post-contrast MRI studies in 365 human lumbar discs[J].Eur Spine J,2008,17(5):626-643.
[5]Li H,Yan JZ,Chen YJ,et al.Non-invasive quantification of age-related changes in the vertebral endplate in rats using in vivo DCE-MRI[J].J Orthop Surg Res,2017,12(1):169.
[6]Galbusera F,Brayda-Bruno M,Wilke HJ.Is post-contrast MRI a valuable method for the study of the nutrition of the intervertebral disc?[J].J Biomech,2014,47(12):3028-3034.
[7]Rajasekaran S,Naresh-Babu J,Murugan S.Review of postcontrast MRI studies on diffusion of human lumbar discs[J].J Magn Reson Imaging,2007,25(2):410-418.
[8]Urban JP,Smith S,Fairbank JC.Nutrition of the intervertebral disc[J].Spine,2004,29(23):2700-2709.
[9]Wu Y,Cisewski SE,Wegner N,et al.Region and strain-dependent diffusivities of glucose and lactate in healthy human cartilage endplate[J].J Biomech,2016,49(13):2756-2762.
[10]Motaghinasab S,Shirazi-Adl A,Urban JP,et al.Computational pharmacokinetics of solute penetration into human intervertebral discs-effects of endplate permeability,solute molecular weight and disc size[J].J Biomech,2012,45(13):2195-2202.
[11]胡浩然,李跃华,赵必增.动态对比增强磁共振成像评价腰椎间盘血供的价值[J].中国矫形外科杂志,2016,24(15):1415-1419.
[12]杜恒,管民,麻少辉,等.磁共振动态增强扫描成年山羊腰椎髓核:定量观察椎间盘的强化程度及营养状态[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2011,15(9):1611-1614.
[13]Lohrke J,Frenzel T,Endrikat J,et al.25 years of contrast-enhanced MRI:developments,current challenges and future perspectives[J].Adv Ther,2016,33(1):1-28.
[14]韩志华,陈春,吴剑宏,等.犬正常腰椎间盘的动态MRI特征[J].中国脊柱脊髓杂志,2014,24(3):244-250.
[15]Ibrahim MA,Jesmanowicz A,Hyde JS,et al.Contrast enhancement of normal intervertebral disks:time and dose dependence[J].AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,1994,15(3):419-423.
[16]Akansel G,Haughton VM,Papke RA,et al.Diffusion into human intervertebral disks studied with MR and gadoteridol[J].AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,1997,18(3):443-445.
[17]Henrotte V,Muller RN,Bartholet A,et al.The presence of halide salts influences the non-covalent interaction of MRI contrast agents and human serum albumin[J].Contrast Media Mol Imaging,2007,2(5):258-261.
[18]Ibrahim MA,Haughton VM,Hyde JS.Enhancement of intervertebral disks with gadolinium complexes:comparison of an ionic and a nonionic medium in an animal model[J].Am J Neuroradiol,1994,15(10):1907-1910.
[19]Soukane DM,Shirazi-Adl A,Urban JP.Computation of coupled diffusion of oxygen,glucose and lactic acid in an intervertebral disc[J].J Biomech,2007,40(12):2645-2654.
[20]Perlewitz TJ,Haughton VM,Riley LH 3rd,et al.Effect of molecular weight on the diffusion of contrast media into cartilage[J].Spine,1997,22(23):2707-2710.