广东虫草安全性评价及药理学研究进展
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摘要
广东虫草(Cordyceps guangdongensis)是近十余年发现并驯化成功的虫草类食用真菌,文章对其安全性及药用功效的研究作了简要归纳和介绍。安全性研究证明其子实体安全无毒;体外活性评价及体内动物模型实验结果显示,广东虫草子实体具有抗禽流感病毒、抗疲劳、延寿、治疗慢性肾衰竭、治疗慢性支气管炎、调节免疫以及抗氧化等多种良好的药用功效。
Cordyceps guangdongensis,an edible fungus of Cordyceps,was discovered and domesticated successfully in last dozen years. After the fruiting body of C. guangdongensis,was proved to be nontoxic and edible,it has been authenticated as novel food by Sate Food & Drug Administration of the Ministry of Public Health of China in 2013. Through the activity tests in vitro and animal models tests,it showed that its fruiting bodies have many healthy functions,such as anti-avian influenza virus,anti-fatigue,life-prolonging,therapeutic effect on treating chronic renal failure,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation and immune regulation effects. The experimental results of the safety assessments and medicinal effects mentioned above are briefly summarized and introduced in this paper.
Cordyceps guangdongensis,an edible fungus of Cordyceps,was discovered and domesticated successfully in last dozen years. After the fruiting body of C. guangdongensis,was proved to be nontoxic and edible,it has been authenticated as novel food by Sate Food & Drug Administration of the Ministry of Public Health of China in 2013. Through the activity tests in vitro and animal models tests,it showed that its fruiting bodies have many healthy functions,such as anti-avian influenza virus,anti-fatigue,life-prolonging,therapeutic effect on treating chronic renal failure,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation and immune regulation effects. The experimental results of the safety assessments and medicinal effects mentioned above are briefly summarized and introduced in this paper.
引文
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[5]桂仲争,朱雅红.蛹虫草的人工培育、有效成分及药理作用研究进展[J].蚕业科学,2008,34(1):178-184.
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[8]Hu T,Jiang C,Huang Q,et al.A comb-like branchedβ-dglucan produced by a Cordyceps sinensis fungus and its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2016,142:259-267.
[9]杜金莎,吕中明,王民生.蝉花子实体对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].江苏医药,2013,39(18):2117-2119.
[10]Yu R,Song L,Zhao Y,et al.Isolation and biological properties of polysaccharide CPS-1 from cultured Cordyceps militaris[J].Fitoterapia,2004,75(5):465-472.
[11]宾文,宋丽艳,于荣敏,等.人工培养蛹虫草多糖的抗炎及免疫作用研究[J].时珍国医国药,2003(1):1-2.
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[21]Reis F S,Barros L,Calhelha R C,et al.The methanolic extract of Cordyceps militaris(L.)Link fruiting body shows antioxidant,antibacterial,antifungal and antihuman tumor cell lines properties[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2013,62(6):91-98.
[22]Lin Y W,Chiang B H.Anti-tumor activity of the fermentation broth of Cordyceps militaris cultured in the medium of Radix astragali[J].Process Biochemistry,2008,43(3):244-250.
[23]Zhang A L,Lu J H,Zheng D,et al.Extraction,purification and anti-tumor activity of polysaccharide from mycelium of mutant Cordyceps militaris[J].Chemical Research in Chinese Universities,2010,26(5):798-802.
[24]Jung K,Kim I H,Han D.Effect of medicinal plant extracts on forced swimming capacity in mice[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2004,93(1):75-81.
[25]Nagata A,Tajima T,Uchida M.Supplemental anti-fatigue effects of Cordyceps sinensis(tochu-kaso)extract powder during three stepwise exercise of human[J].Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine,2006,55:145-152.
[26]Kumar R,Negi P S,Singh B,et al.Cordyceps sinensis promotes exercise endurance capacity of rats by activating skeletal muscle metabolic regulators[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2011,136(1):260-266.
[27]吴秀香,马克玲,李淑云,等.冬虫夏草降压作用实验研究[J].锦州医学院学报,2001,22(2):10-11.
[28]Chiou W F,Chang P C,Chou C J,et al.Protein constituent contributes to the hypotensive and vasorelaxant activities of Cordyceps sinensis[J].Life Sciences,2000,66(14):1369-1376.
[29]汤静,张程亮,赵小红,等.人工发酵虫草菌丝对链佐霉素致大鼠型糖尿病的防治作用[J].中国药师,2005,8(5):355-358.
[30]杨爽,逯城宇,杨雪薇,等.蛹虫草多糖降糖活性的研究[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(9):2134-2136.
[31]宋捷民,忻家础,朱英.蝉花对小鼠血糖及造血功能影响[J].中华中医药学刊,2007,25(6):1144-1145.
[32]Lin Q Y,Li T H,Song B.Cordyceps guangdongensis sp.nov.from China[J].Mycotaxon,2008,1(103):371-376.
[33]林群英,李泰辉,黄浩,等.广东虫草人工栽培的光温条件研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2009,30(1):42-45.
[34]Yan W J,Li T H,Lin Q Y,et al.Safety assessment of Cordyceps guangdongensis[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2010,48(11):3080-3084.
[35]闫文娟,李泰辉,姜子德.广东虫草抗禽流感病毒的初步研究[J].食用菌学报,2010,17(3):68-70.
[36]闫文娟,李泰辉,姜子德.广东虫草抗疲劳及延寿作用的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2011,32(3):164-167.
[37]Yan W J,Li T H,Lao J H,et al.Anti-fatigue property of Cordyceps guangdongensis and the underlying mechanisms[J].Pharmaceutical Biology,2013,51(5):614-620.
[38]Yan W J,Li T H,Jiang Z D.The rapeutic effects of Cordyceps guangdongensis on chronic renal failure rats induced by adenine[J].Mycosystema,2012,31(3):432-442.
[39]Yan W J,Li T H,Zhong Z Y.Anti-inflammatory effect of a novel food Cordyceps guangdongensis on experimental rats with chronic bronchitis induced by tobacco smoking[J].Food and Function,2014,5(10):2552-2557.
[40]闫文娟,李泰辉.广东虫草对免疫功能低下小鼠自然杀伤细胞活性的影响[J].食用菌学报,2014,21(2):78-81.
[41]曾宏彬,李泰辉,宋斌,等.广东虫草抗氧化活性的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:201-204.
[42]喻东,陈璐,国锦琳.凉山虫草的研究综述[J].时珍国医国药,2010,21(8):2024-2025.
[43]张海英.九州虫草的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(27):11815-11817.
[44]马世林,毛继祖译注.《月王药诊》[M].上海:上海科学技术出社,2012.
[45]Zou Y,Liu Y,Ruan M,et al.Cordyceps sinensis oral liquid prolongs the lifespan of the fruit fly,Drosophila melanogaster,by inhibiting oxidative stress[J].International Journal of Molecular Medicine,2015,36:939-946.
[46]闫文娟,李泰辉,唐芳勇,等.广东虫草多糖的提取及含量测定[J].华南农业大学学报,2009,30(4):53-56.
[47]崔红燕,李泰辉,宋斌,等.广东虫草脂肪酸的CG-MS分析[J].食用菌学报,2010,17(2):93-96.
[48]林群英,李挺,宋斌,等.广东虫草深层发酵及菌丝体成分分析[J].食品研究与开发,2014,35(3):85-87.
[49]闫文娟,李泰辉,姜子德.比色法测定广东虫草虫草酸含量[J].食用菌,2010,32(5):73-74.
[50]Chen W X,Zhang W Y,Shen W B,et al.Effects of the acid polysaccharide fraction isolated from a cultivated Cordyceps sinensis on macrophages in vitro[J].Cellular Immunology,2010,262(1):69-74.
[51]Sheng L,Chen J P,Li J,et al.An exopolysaccharide from cultivated Cordyceps sinensis and its effects on cytokine expressions of immunocytes[J].Appl Biochem Biotechnol2011,163(5):669-678.
[52]Wang Y,Wang Y,Liu D,et al.Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide inhibits PDGF-BB-induced inflammation and ROS production in human mesangial cells[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2015,125:135-145.
[53]Yu L,Zhao J,Zhu Q,et al.Macrophage biospecific extraction and high performance liquid chromatography for hypothesis of immunological active components in Cordyceps sinensis[J].Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis,2007,44(2):439-443.
[54]郑壮丽,黄春花,梅彩英,等.蛹虫草国内外研究的新进展[J].环境昆虫学报,2011,33(2):225-233.
[55]崔红艳.广东虫草化学成分的研究[D].广州:中国科学院华南植物园,2010.
[56]林群英,李泰辉,宋斌,等.广东虫草与冬虫夏草及蛹虫草的成分比较[J].食用菌学报,2009,16(4):54-57.
[57]Xia Y L,Luo F F,Shang Y F,et al.Fungal cordycepin biosynthesis is coupled with the production of the safeguard molecule pentostatin[J].Cell Chemical Biology,2017,24(12):1479-1489.
[58]Zhang C H,Deng W Q,Yan W J,et al.Whole genome sequence of an edible and potential medicinal fungus,Cordyceps guangdongensis[J].G3:Genes Genomes Genetics,2018,8(6):1863-1870.
[2]王茂水,徐明辉,黄丽华,等.冬虫夏草生物活性的研究进展[J].北方园艺,2009,33(7):140-142.
[3]Xu J,Huang Y,Chen X X,et al.The mechanisms of pharmacological activities of Ophiocordyceps sinensis fungi[J].Phytotherapy Research,2016,30(10):1572-1583.
[4]Das S K,Masuda M,Sakurai A,et al.Medicinal uses of the mushroom Cordyceps militaris:Current state and prospects[J].Fitoterapia,2010,81(8):961-968.
[5]桂仲争,朱雅红.蛹虫草的人工培育、有效成分及药理作用研究进展[J].蚕业科学,2008,34(1):178-184.
[6]李增智,陈祝安,陈以平.国宝虫草金蝉花[M].合肥:合肥工业大学出版社,2014:156-163.
[7]Xiao G,Miyazato A,Abe Y,et al.Activation of myeloid dendritic cells by deoxynucleic acids from Cordyceps sinensis via a Toll-like receptor 9-dependent pathway[J].Cellular Immunology,2010,263:241-250.
[8]Hu T,Jiang C,Huang Q,et al.A comb-like branchedβ-dglucan produced by a Cordyceps sinensis fungus and its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2016,142:259-267.
[9]杜金莎,吕中明,王民生.蝉花子实体对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].江苏医药,2013,39(18):2117-2119.
[10]Yu R,Song L,Zhao Y,et al.Isolation and biological properties of polysaccharide CPS-1 from cultured Cordyceps militaris[J].Fitoterapia,2004,75(5):465-472.
[11]宾文,宋丽艳,于荣敏,等.人工培养蛹虫草多糖的抗炎及免疫作用研究[J].时珍国医国药,2003(1):1-2.
[12]Li S P,Li P,Dong T T,et al.Anti-oxidation activity of different types of natural Cordyceps sinensis and cultured Cordyceps mycelia[J].Phytomedicine,2001,8:207-212.
[13]Yu R,Yang W,Song L,et al.Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of a polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of cultured Cordyceps militaris[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2007,70(4):430-436.
[14]Wang Y,Liu D,Zhao H,et al.Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide CPS-2 protects human mesangial cells from PDGF-BB-induced proliferation through the PDGF/ERK and TGF-beta 1/Smad pathways[J].Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2014,382(2):979-988.
[15]邵佳蔚,于瑞莲,喻振,等.人工蝉花子实体对庆大霉素所致小鼠急性肾衰竭的影响及机制研究[J].中国药房,2018,29(19):2648-2652.
[16]Zhang H W,Lin Z X,Tung Y S,et al.Cordyceps sinensis(a traditional Chinese medicine)for treating chronic kidney disease[J].Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,2014,12(12):8353.
[17]Liu X,Zhong F,Tang X,et al.Cordyceps sinensis protects against liver and heart injuries in a rat model of chronic kidney disease:a metabolomic analysis[J].Acta Pharmacologica Sinica,2014,35(5):697-706.
[18]Qi W,Yan Y B,Wang P J,et al.The co-effect of Cordyceps sinensis and strontium on osteoporosis in ovariectomized osteopenic rats[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2011,141(1-3):216-223.
[19]Zhang D W,Wang Z L,Qi W,et al.The effects of Cordyceps sinensis,phytoestrogen on estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats[J].Bmc Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2014,14(1):484.
[20]高燕燕,周礼红,潘肇仪,等.蛹虫草抗菌活性物质的初步研究[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(11):183-185.
[21]Reis F S,Barros L,Calhelha R C,et al.The methanolic extract of Cordyceps militaris(L.)Link fruiting body shows antioxidant,antibacterial,antifungal and antihuman tumor cell lines properties[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2013,62(6):91-98.
[22]Lin Y W,Chiang B H.Anti-tumor activity of the fermentation broth of Cordyceps militaris cultured in the medium of Radix astragali[J].Process Biochemistry,2008,43(3):244-250.
[23]Zhang A L,Lu J H,Zheng D,et al.Extraction,purification and anti-tumor activity of polysaccharide from mycelium of mutant Cordyceps militaris[J].Chemical Research in Chinese Universities,2010,26(5):798-802.
[24]Jung K,Kim I H,Han D.Effect of medicinal plant extracts on forced swimming capacity in mice[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2004,93(1):75-81.
[25]Nagata A,Tajima T,Uchida M.Supplemental anti-fatigue effects of Cordyceps sinensis(tochu-kaso)extract powder during three stepwise exercise of human[J].Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine,2006,55:145-152.
[26]Kumar R,Negi P S,Singh B,et al.Cordyceps sinensis promotes exercise endurance capacity of rats by activating skeletal muscle metabolic regulators[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2011,136(1):260-266.
[27]吴秀香,马克玲,李淑云,等.冬虫夏草降压作用实验研究[J].锦州医学院学报,2001,22(2):10-11.
[28]Chiou W F,Chang P C,Chou C J,et al.Protein constituent contributes to the hypotensive and vasorelaxant activities of Cordyceps sinensis[J].Life Sciences,2000,66(14):1369-1376.
[29]汤静,张程亮,赵小红,等.人工发酵虫草菌丝对链佐霉素致大鼠型糖尿病的防治作用[J].中国药师,2005,8(5):355-358.
[30]杨爽,逯城宇,杨雪薇,等.蛹虫草多糖降糖活性的研究[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(9):2134-2136.
[31]宋捷民,忻家础,朱英.蝉花对小鼠血糖及造血功能影响[J].中华中医药学刊,2007,25(6):1144-1145.
[32]Lin Q Y,Li T H,Song B.Cordyceps guangdongensis sp.nov.from China[J].Mycotaxon,2008,1(103):371-376.
[33]林群英,李泰辉,黄浩,等.广东虫草人工栽培的光温条件研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2009,30(1):42-45.
[34]Yan W J,Li T H,Lin Q Y,et al.Safety assessment of Cordyceps guangdongensis[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2010,48(11):3080-3084.
[35]闫文娟,李泰辉,姜子德.广东虫草抗禽流感病毒的初步研究[J].食用菌学报,2010,17(3):68-70.
[36]闫文娟,李泰辉,姜子德.广东虫草抗疲劳及延寿作用的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2011,32(3):164-167.
[37]Yan W J,Li T H,Lao J H,et al.Anti-fatigue property of Cordyceps guangdongensis and the underlying mechanisms[J].Pharmaceutical Biology,2013,51(5):614-620.
[38]Yan W J,Li T H,Jiang Z D.The rapeutic effects of Cordyceps guangdongensis on chronic renal failure rats induced by adenine[J].Mycosystema,2012,31(3):432-442.
[39]Yan W J,Li T H,Zhong Z Y.Anti-inflammatory effect of a novel food Cordyceps guangdongensis on experimental rats with chronic bronchitis induced by tobacco smoking[J].Food and Function,2014,5(10):2552-2557.
[40]闫文娟,李泰辉.广东虫草对免疫功能低下小鼠自然杀伤细胞活性的影响[J].食用菌学报,2014,21(2):78-81.
[41]曾宏彬,李泰辉,宋斌,等.广东虫草抗氧化活性的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21:201-204.
[42]喻东,陈璐,国锦琳.凉山虫草的研究综述[J].时珍国医国药,2010,21(8):2024-2025.
[43]张海英.九州虫草的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(27):11815-11817.
[44]马世林,毛继祖译注.《月王药诊》[M].上海:上海科学技术出社,2012.
[45]Zou Y,Liu Y,Ruan M,et al.Cordyceps sinensis oral liquid prolongs the lifespan of the fruit fly,Drosophila melanogaster,by inhibiting oxidative stress[J].International Journal of Molecular Medicine,2015,36:939-946.
[46]闫文娟,李泰辉,唐芳勇,等.广东虫草多糖的提取及含量测定[J].华南农业大学学报,2009,30(4):53-56.
[47]崔红燕,李泰辉,宋斌,等.广东虫草脂肪酸的CG-MS分析[J].食用菌学报,2010,17(2):93-96.
[48]林群英,李挺,宋斌,等.广东虫草深层发酵及菌丝体成分分析[J].食品研究与开发,2014,35(3):85-87.
[49]闫文娟,李泰辉,姜子德.比色法测定广东虫草虫草酸含量[J].食用菌,2010,32(5):73-74.
[50]Chen W X,Zhang W Y,Shen W B,et al.Effects of the acid polysaccharide fraction isolated from a cultivated Cordyceps sinensis on macrophages in vitro[J].Cellular Immunology,2010,262(1):69-74.
[51]Sheng L,Chen J P,Li J,et al.An exopolysaccharide from cultivated Cordyceps sinensis and its effects on cytokine expressions of immunocytes[J].Appl Biochem Biotechnol2011,163(5):669-678.
[52]Wang Y,Wang Y,Liu D,et al.Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide inhibits PDGF-BB-induced inflammation and ROS production in human mesangial cells[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2015,125:135-145.
[53]Yu L,Zhao J,Zhu Q,et al.Macrophage biospecific extraction and high performance liquid chromatography for hypothesis of immunological active components in Cordyceps sinensis[J].Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis,2007,44(2):439-443.
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