德国制造业转型发展的基本经验及启示
|
摘要
德国制造业转型发展的基本经验是多方面的,工业4.0战略是主攻方向,产业结构调整和能源结构调整是重要基础,中小企业培养是经济根基,高度重视变革管理、创新管理和质量管理,科技研发支撑其企业在全球具有领先优势,独特的"双元制"职业教育成为其制造业高素质技工的重要来源。德国制造业转型发展的基本经验对于我国制造业高质量发展具有一定的借鉴价值,建设制造强国是基本方向,主攻智能制造的同时,需要优化产业结构,以强大的科技创新作支撑,同时强化管理创新的支撑。
The basic experience of German manufacturing industry transformation and development is multifaceted. The industrial 4.0 strategy is the main direction, the adjustment of industrial and energy structure is the important foundation, and the cultivation of small and medium-sized enterprises is the economic foundation. Germany attaches great importance to change management, innovation management and quality management, as well as scientific and technological research and development, which makes German enterprises have a leading advantage in the world. Unique dual vocational education has become an important source of high-quality skilled workers in German manufacturing industry. The basic experience of German manufacturing industry transformation and development has certain reference value for the high-quality development of China′s manufacturing industry. Building a strong manufacturing country is the basic direction. While focusing on intelligent manufacturing, we need to optimize the industrial structure, develop strong scientific and technological innovation, and strengthen the support of management innovation.
The basic experience of German manufacturing industry transformation and development is multifaceted. The industrial 4.0 strategy is the main direction, the adjustment of industrial and energy structure is the important foundation, and the cultivation of small and medium-sized enterprises is the economic foundation. Germany attaches great importance to change management, innovation management and quality management, as well as scientific and technological research and development, which makes German enterprises have a leading advantage in the world. Unique dual vocational education has become an important source of high-quality skilled workers in German manufacturing industry. The basic experience of German manufacturing industry transformation and development has certain reference value for the high-quality development of China′s manufacturing industry. Building a strong manufacturing country is the basic direction. While focusing on intelligent manufacturing, we need to optimize the industrial structure, develop strong scientific and technological innovation, and strengthen the support of management innovation.
引文
[1]宁振波.航空智能制造的基础——软件定义创新工业范式[J].中国工程科学,2018,(4).
[2]周济.走向新一代智能制造[J].中国科技产业,2018,(6).
[3]一止.德国工业4.0新进展告诉我们什么?[J].中国石油企业,2018,(Z1).
[4]谭露露.产业结构调整视角下的德国崛起[J].特区经济,2016,(7).
[5]雷鸣.日本与德国新能源产业结构转型的比较分析[J].现代日本经济,2013,(1).
[6]李工真.德国工匠:我们不相信物美价廉[J].决策探索(上半月),2016,(2).
[7]底晶.德国创新产业政策演进及对中国的启示[J].上海经济,2017,(1).
[8]管克江,郑红,黄发红.中小企业如何成为“隐形冠军”[N].人民日报,2012-02-27.
[9]江时学.德国:经济上的“欧洲巨人”[J].经济,2013,(8).
[10]戴晓虎.向德国学创新(8)科研,不只是砸钱[EB/OL].澎湃新闻网,https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1311451,2015-03-15.
①2018年11月作者参加河南省制造业转型发展赴德国专题研讨班,在德国法兰克福、柏林等进行研讨学习,学习期间认真听取了科隆技术大学、史太白大学、柏林工业大学等单位多个老师课堂授课,并且到部分企业实地考察。在此对于各位老师表示感谢。通过研讨学习,对于德国制造业转型发展的基本经验有了更加深入的了解和思考,故形成本文。
[2]周济.走向新一代智能制造[J].中国科技产业,2018,(6).
[3]一止.德国工业4.0新进展告诉我们什么?[J].中国石油企业,2018,(Z1).
[4]谭露露.产业结构调整视角下的德国崛起[J].特区经济,2016,(7).
[5]雷鸣.日本与德国新能源产业结构转型的比较分析[J].现代日本经济,2013,(1).
[6]李工真.德国工匠:我们不相信物美价廉[J].决策探索(上半月),2016,(2).
[7]底晶.德国创新产业政策演进及对中国的启示[J].上海经济,2017,(1).
[8]管克江,郑红,黄发红.中小企业如何成为“隐形冠军”[N].人民日报,2012-02-27.
[9]江时学.德国:经济上的“欧洲巨人”[J].经济,2013,(8).
[10]戴晓虎.向德国学创新(8)科研,不只是砸钱[EB/OL].澎湃新闻网,https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1311451,2015-03-15.
①2018年11月作者参加河南省制造业转型发展赴德国专题研讨班,在德国法兰克福、柏林等进行研讨学习,学习期间认真听取了科隆技术大学、史太白大学、柏林工业大学等单位多个老师课堂授课,并且到部分企业实地考察。在此对于各位老师表示感谢。通过研讨学习,对于德国制造业转型发展的基本经验有了更加深入的了解和思考,故形成本文。