O_(78)血清型大肠杆菌对蛋鸡的致病性及丙/丁酸单甘油酯的保护效果
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摘要
【目的】研究O_(78)血清型大肠杆菌对蛋鸡的致病性,以及单甘油酯对蛋鸡O_(78)血清型大肠杆菌不同致病方式的保护效果,为绿色无抗养鸡提供理论支撑和实践经验。【方法】对福建省某鸡场分离的血清型O_(78)禽源致病性大肠杆菌(APEC),采用口服、颈部皮下和气管内壁接种不同日龄的试验鸡,评价菌株的致病性,建立攻毒模型,然后评估以丙酸单甘油酯、丁酸单甘油酯为主要成分的水溶性液态添加物FraC34对鸡大肠杆菌病的保护效果。【结果】(1)12日龄海兰蛋鸡雄雏口服接种细菌3.0×10~9CFU·羽~(-1),可造成100%发病;但22日龄海兰蛋鸡雄雏分别口服接种细菌3.0×10~9CFU·羽~(-1)和6.0×10~9CFU·羽~(-1)时不发病。12日龄海兰蛋鸡雄雏颈部皮下接种细菌0.4×10~9CFU·羽~(-1),可造成70%的试验鸡发病,22日龄海兰蛋鸡雄雏气管内壁接种细菌1.5×10~9CFU·羽~(-1),可造成25%鸡只发病;(2)在饮水中添加FraC34,早期可改善鸡肠道健康,降低肠道对APEC的易感性,在饮水中添加2～3 L·m~(-3)的FraC34,能够显著降低经由口服途径感染APEC造成的发病率和死亡率,还能够降低经气管内壁接种APEC所造成的死亡率,并且显著降低发病率;当饮水添加3 L·m~(-3)时,可以维持感染鸡的日增重。【结论】鸡O_(78)血清型的APEC对幼雏具有极大的危害性,造成严重经济损失,而中大雏对该菌株具有一定的耐受性;养殖环节添加FraC34,对于鸡感染APEC具有一定的保护作用,并且可以维持鸡的生产性能,可替代部分抗生素的使用,达到较为理想的保护效果。
【Objective】Studying the pathogenicity of serotype O_(78)Escherichia coli to laying hens with different inoculation methods and the protective effects of single glycerides could provide theoretical support and practical experience for green no-antibiotic chicken breeding.【Method】The virulence of serotype O_(78) avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC) strain isolated from a chicken farm in Fujian province was evaluated by oral, subcutaneous and intratracheal inoculation, and the protective effect of water-soluble liquid additive FraC34,composed of butyric and propionic acid monogly cerides, was evaluated in Hy-line laying hens.【Result】The results showed that:(1)With oral inoculation of 3×10~9CFU bacteria per chicken,the morbidity was 100% for 12-days old Hy-line laying hens, but no disease detected for 22-days old ones with oral inoculation of 3×10~9 or 6×10~9CFU bacteria per chicken. When the 12-days old chicken were inoculated subcutaneously with 0.4×10~9CFU bacteria per chicken, the rate of the sick was 70%, and 25% for 22-days old ones when inoculated intracheally with 1.5×10~(9 )CFU bacteria per chicken.(2)Adding FraC34 in drinking water of laying hens could improve the intestinal tract and reduce the susceptibility to APEC in the early stage. The addition of 2.0-3.0 L·m~(-3) FraC34 in drinking water could significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality rate for chickens infected with APEC by oral inoculation and mortality rate of which with intratracheal inner wall inoculation.The daily gain of chicken could be maintained when treated by 3.0 L·m~(-3) FraC34.【Conclusion】The serotype O_(78) APEC strain was pathogenic to young chicks and led to serious economic losses, but not susceptible for older chicken.FraC34 had protective effect and could maintain the production performance of the chicken infected with APEC, which could be applied instead of some antibiotics for efficient production of poultry.
【Objective】Studying the pathogenicity of serotype O_(78)Escherichia coli to laying hens with different inoculation methods and the protective effects of single glycerides could provide theoretical support and practical experience for green no-antibiotic chicken breeding.【Method】The virulence of serotype O_(78) avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC) strain isolated from a chicken farm in Fujian province was evaluated by oral, subcutaneous and intratracheal inoculation, and the protective effect of water-soluble liquid additive FraC34,composed of butyric and propionic acid monogly cerides, was evaluated in Hy-line laying hens.【Result】The results showed that:(1)With oral inoculation of 3×10~9CFU bacteria per chicken,the morbidity was 100% for 12-days old Hy-line laying hens, but no disease detected for 22-days old ones with oral inoculation of 3×10~9 or 6×10~9CFU bacteria per chicken. When the 12-days old chicken were inoculated subcutaneously with 0.4×10~9CFU bacteria per chicken, the rate of the sick was 70%, and 25% for 22-days old ones when inoculated intracheally with 1.5×10~(9 )CFU bacteria per chicken.(2)Adding FraC34 in drinking water of laying hens could improve the intestinal tract and reduce the susceptibility to APEC in the early stage. The addition of 2.0-3.0 L·m~(-3) FraC34 in drinking water could significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality rate for chickens infected with APEC by oral inoculation and mortality rate of which with intratracheal inner wall inoculation.The daily gain of chicken could be maintained when treated by 3.0 L·m~(-3) FraC34.【Conclusion】The serotype O_(78) APEC strain was pathogenic to young chicks and led to serious economic losses, but not susceptible for older chicken.FraC34 had protective effect and could maintain the production performance of the chicken infected with APEC, which could be applied instead of some antibiotics for efficient production of poultry.
引文
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[13]王秋峰,王振,刘振伟.AC34单丁/丙酸甘油酯在饲料中的应用浅析[J].中国饲料添加剂,2014(11):33-35.WANG Q F,WANG Z,LIU Z W.Application of AC34 single butyric (propionic) acid glycerides in feed.[J].China Feed Additive,2014(11):33-35.(in Chinese)
[2]SMITH J L,FRATAMICO P M,GUNTHER N W.Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli [J].Foodborne Pathogens & Disease,2007,4(2):134-163.
[3]JOHNSON T J,LOGUE C M,JOHNSON J R,et al.Associations between multidrug resistance,plasmid content,and virulence potential among extraintestinal pathogenic and commensal Escherichia coli from humans and poultry [J].Foodborne Pathogens & Disease,2012,9(1):37-46.
[4]LI G,LATURNUS C,EWERS C,et al.Identification of genes required for avian Escherichia coli septicemia by signature-tagged mutagenesis [J].Infection & Immunity,2005,73(5):2818-2827.
[5]WANG S,XIA Y,DAI J,et al.Novel roles for autotransporteradhesinAatA of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli:colonization during infection and cell aggregation [J].Fems Immunology & Medical Microbiology,2011,63(3):328-338.
[6]刘玉涛,周伦江,王长兵,等.闽北地区鸡致病性大肠杆菌的分离与血清型鉴定[J].福建农业学报,2000,15(3):51-53.LIU Y T,ZHOU L J,WANG C B,etal.Isolation and serotype identification of chicken Escherichia coli in northern Fujian [J].Fujian Journal ofAgricultural Sciences,2000,15(3):51-53.(in Chinese)
[7]田胜,王晓云,刘宝胜.饲料中滥用抗生素的危害及应对措施[J].中国饲料添加剂,2010(7):5-9.TIAN S,WANG X Y,LIU B S.Harm and response measures of abusing antibiotics in feedstuff [J].China Feed Additive,2010(7):5-9.(in Chinese)
[8]李宁,穆淑琴,闫峻,等.抗生素替代物在畜牧生产中的应用[J].饲料研究,2017(17):1-5.LI N,MU S Q,YAN J,et al.Application of antibiotic substitute in animal husbandry [J].Feed Research,2017(17):1-5.(in Chinese)
[9]李红,孙东弦,陈瑞旭,等.添加剂对面包品质的影响及抗老化作用的研究[J].食品工业,2016(5):5-8.LI H,SUN D X,CHEN R X,et al.Studies on the effect of additives on bread quality and its anti-aging properties[J].The Food Industry,2016(5):5-8.(in Chinese)
[10]NAMKUNG H,YU H,GONG J,et al.Antimicrobial activity of butyrate glycerides toward Salmonella Typhimurium and Clostridium perfringens[J].Poultry Science,2011,90(10):2217-2222.
[11]张希,杨明,宋飞,等.脂肪酸及其衍生物的抑菌活性[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2013,39(2):155-160.ZHANG X,YANG M,SONG F,et al.Antimicrobial activity of selected fatty acids and their derivatives[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture & Life Sciences),2013,39(2):155-160.(in Chinese)
[12]SAIF Y M.禽病学:第十二版[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2012:811-863 SAIF Y M.Poultry disease:12ed[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2012:811-863.(in Chinese)
[13]王秋峰,王振,刘振伟.AC34单丁/丙酸甘油酯在饲料中的应用浅析[J].中国饲料添加剂,2014(11):33-35.WANG Q F,WANG Z,LIU Z W.Application of AC34 single butyric (propionic) acid glycerides in feed.[J].China Feed Additive,2014(11):33-35.(in Chinese)