物联网中一种基于无线射频识别和传感器节点的信息收集协议
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摘要
为有效收集传感器节点的信息,本文将无线射频识别标签与传感器节点进行结合,提出了2种数据收集协议。首先提出了基于被动式标签数据收集协议PTC,该协议采用分割时槽方法,将每个帧分割为若干个大小不同的时槽,有效缩短了执行时间。在此基础上,提出一种基于主动式标签的数据收集协议ATC,该协议采用预先分配时槽的方法,减少空时槽和冲突时槽的分配,使得执行时间达到下界。为使信息收集准确可靠,提出了有效检测丢失标签和收集未知标签算法ADMCU,为PTC和ATC协议执行的正确性提供保障。实验表明:本文提出的两种协议与其他流行协议相比执行时间更短,且无论收集信息量如何变化,ATC的执行时间始终最短;同时,所提出的ADMCU算法在相同准确率情况下,耗时更短。
To ensure the effective collection of sensor node information,in this paper,we combine radio frequency identification device( RFID) tags with sensor nodes and propose two data collection protocols. First,to shorten the execution time,we propose a passive tag data collection protocol( PTC),in which every frame is divided into several slots of different sizes. We then propose a data collection protocol,ATC,for the active tags. This protocol pre-allocates time slots to reduce the allocation of empty slots and the number of conflicting slots,which enables the execution time to reach lower bounds. To collect information accurately and reliably,we propose an effective algorithm ADMCU that detects missing tags and collects unknown tags,thereby providing a guarantee for the PTC and ATC protocols. Our experimental results show that the two protocols proposed in this paper have shorter execution times than other popular protocols. Moreover,no matter how much information is collected,the execution time of ATC is always the shortest. In addition,the ADMCU algorithm consumes less time while achieving the same accuracy rate.
To ensure the effective collection of sensor node information,in this paper,we combine radio frequency identification device( RFID) tags with sensor nodes and propose two data collection protocols. First,to shorten the execution time,we propose a passive tag data collection protocol( PTC),in which every frame is divided into several slots of different sizes. We then propose a data collection protocol,ATC,for the active tags. This protocol pre-allocates time slots to reduce the allocation of empty slots and the number of conflicting slots,which enables the execution time to reach lower bounds. To collect information accurately and reliably,we propose an effective algorithm ADMCU that detects missing tags and collects unknown tags,thereby providing a guarantee for the PTC and ATC protocols. Our experimental results show that the two protocols proposed in this paper have shorter execution times than other popular protocols. Moreover,no matter how much information is collected,the execution time of ATC is always the shortest. In addition,the ADMCU algorithm consumes less time while achieving the same accuracy rate.
引文
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[2]PAN L,WU H. Smart trend-traversal:a low delay and energy tag arbitration protocol for large RFID systems[J].IEEE INFOCOM,2009:2571-2575.
[3]QIAN C,LIU Y,NGAN H,et al. ASAP:Scalable Identification and Counting for Contactless RFID Systems[C]//IEEE,International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. IEEE,2010:52-61.
[4]任倩倩,孙蓓蓓,刘勇,等.无线传感器网络动态环结构下目标信息收集方法[J].北京邮电大学学报,2016,39(1):58-62.REN Q Q,SUN B B,LIU Y,et al. A Circular Structure Based Information Collection Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Posts&Telecommunications,2016,39(1):58-62.
[5]PASZTOR B,MUSOLESI M,MASCOLO C. Opportunistic mobile sensor data collection with SCAR[C]//IEEE International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems.IEEE,2007:1-12.
[6]DEMIRKOL I,ERSOY C,ALAGOZ F. MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks:a survey[J]. IEEE Communications magazine,2006,44(4):115-121.
[7]杨浩,王喜玮.基于区域化压缩感知的无线传感器网络数据收集方法[J].计算机学报,2017,40(8):1933-1945.HAO Y,WANG X W. Data gathering based on regionalized compressive sensing in WSN[J]. Chinese journal of computers,2017.
[8]CHEN S,ZHANG M,XIAO B. Efficient information collection protocols for sensor-augmented RFID networks[C]//INFOCOM,2011 Proceedings IEEE. IEEE,2011:3101-3109.
[9]XIE X,LIU X,XUE W,et al. Fast collection of data in sensor-augmented RFID networks[C]//IEEE International Conference on Sensing,Communication,and NETWORKING. IEEE,2016:1-9.
[10]TAN C C,SHENG B,LI Q. How to monitor for missing RFID tags[C]//The,International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. IEEE Computer Society,2008:295-302.
[11]SHENG B,LI Q,MAO W. Efficient continuous scanning in RFID systems[C]//INFOCOM,2010 Proceedings IEEE. IEEE,2010:1-9.
[12]FUJII S,TAKYU O,SASAMORI F,et al. Optimal cluster head selection and rotation of cognitive wireless sensor networks for simultaneous data gathering[C]//Information Networking(ICOIN),2017 International Conference on.IEEE,2017:303-308.
[13]I-code smart label rfid tags,http://www.nxp.com/documents/data_sheet/SL092030.pdf,2004-1.
[14]Epcglobal radio-frequency identity protocols class-1 generation-2 uhf rfid protocol for communications at 860 MHz-960MHz version 1. 0. 9. standard 2005,http://wwwgs1.org/gsmp/kc/epcglobal/uhfc1g2/uhfc1g2_1_0_9-standard-20050126.pdf,2005.
[15]NILSSON B,BENGTSSON L,SVENSSON B. An application dependent medium access protocol for active RFID using dynamic tuning of the back-off algorithm[C]//IEEE International Conference on Rfid. IEEE,2009:72-79.