w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3)对含钒炉渣熔化温度及黏度的影响
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摘要
为了对转炉提钒冶炼过程含钒炉渣熔化和流动性进行合理的控制,采用半球点法和内旋转黏度法分别测试了含钒炉渣熔化温度和黏度,采用XRD测试了含钒炉渣的物相,并采用综合碱度(BI′)反映渣中酸碱氧化物平衡关系。结果表明,在FeO质量分数一定的条件下,随着w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3)增大,综合碱度由BI′>1单调下降至BI′<1,含钒炉渣熔化温度先降低后升高;随着FeO质量分数的增加,熔化温度最低点对应的w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3)增大。随着w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3)增大,黏度随温度变化的趋势变缓,高温熔融态含钒炉渣黏度增大,低温阶段黏度减小。综合考虑黏度对钢渣界面反应和钒渣流失的影响,FeO质量分数为44%时含钒炉渣w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3)应控制为0.7。
To reasonably control the melting and fluidity of vanadium slag during smelting process of vanadium extraction in converter, hemisphere and rotating methods were applied to study the melting temperature and viscosity of vanadium slags respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis was adopted to determine the phases, and the comprehensive basicity BI′ was used to reflect the balance between acid and alkaline oxides. The results showed that the melting temperature of vanadium slags depended on BI′ and w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3). For a given FeO mass fraction, BI′ decreased from above 1 to below 1 with increasing w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3), and the melting temperature of vanadium slag decreased first and then increased when BI′ was below 1. With the increase of FeO mass fraction, the w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3) to achieve the lowest melting temperature increased. With the increase of w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3), the variation of viscosity with temperature became more gentle, and the viscosity of molten vanadium slag increased at high temperature, while the viscosity decreased at low temperature. Considering the influence of viscosity on metal-slag interface reaction and slag loss, w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3) of vanadium slag with 44 wt.% FeO should be controlled as 0.7.
To reasonably control the melting and fluidity of vanadium slag during smelting process of vanadium extraction in converter, hemisphere and rotating methods were applied to study the melting temperature and viscosity of vanadium slags respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis was adopted to determine the phases, and the comprehensive basicity BI′ was used to reflect the balance between acid and alkaline oxides. The results showed that the melting temperature of vanadium slags depended on BI′ and w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3). For a given FeO mass fraction, BI′ decreased from above 1 to below 1 with increasing w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3), and the melting temperature of vanadium slag decreased first and then increased when BI′ was below 1. With the increase of FeO mass fraction, the w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3) to achieve the lowest melting temperature increased. With the increase of w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3), the variation of viscosity with temperature became more gentle, and the viscosity of molten vanadium slag increased at high temperature, while the viscosity decreased at low temperature. Considering the influence of viscosity on metal-slag interface reaction and slag loss, w(SiO_2)/w(V_2O_3) of vanadium slag with 44 wt.% FeO should be controlled as 0.7.
引文
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[17] 侯清玉,吕致远,赵春旺.V高掺杂对ZnO(GGA+U)导电性能和吸收光谱影响的研究[J].物理学报,2014,63(19):1.(Hou Q Y,Lü Z Y,Zhao C W.Effects of V-heavy-doped ZnO on electric conductivity performance and absorption spectrum[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2014,63(19):1.)
[2] 黄青云.转炉高效提钒技术基础研究[D]//重庆:重庆大学,2012.(Huang Q Y.Basic Research on the Related Technology of High Efficient Extraction of Vanadium from Hot Metal by BOF[D]//Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.)
[3] Taylor P R,Shuey S A,Vidal E E,et al.Extractive metallurgy of vanadium containing titani-ferous magnetite ores:A review[J].Minerals and Metallurgical Processing,2006,23(2):80.
[4] Li H Y,Wang K,Hua W H,et al.Selective leaching of vanadium in calcification-roasted vanadium slag by ammonium carbonate[J].Hydrometallurgy,2016,160:18.
[5] Peng Y,Xie T L,Zhou Z Q,et al.Preparation of V2O5 from low grade vanadium-bearing slag with high calcium and phosphor[J].Ferro-alloys,2007,195:18.
[6] Zhang J H,Zhang W,Zhang L,et al.Mechanism of vanadium slag roasting with calcium oxide[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2015,13:20.
[7] Yang J L,Jin X.A new way of recovering vanadium from iron/vanadium slag[J].Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology:Natural Science Edition,2007,34(3):240.
[8] 黄希祜.冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013.(Huang X H.Metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2013.)
[9] 曾晓兰.含钒炉渣物化性质与相图研究[D]//重庆:重庆大学,2012.(Zeng X L.Research on Physical-Chemical Properties and Phase Diagram of Vanadium Slag[D]//Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.)
[10] 李晓军,谢兵,刁江,等.含钒炉渣中尖晶石等温长大的动力学研究[J].稀有金属,2011,35(2):281.(Li X J,Xie B,Diao J,et al.Kinetic of isothermal growth of spinel in vanadium slag[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metal,2011,35(2):281.)
[11] Li L,Yang H M,Wang X.Research on melting temperature of CaO-SiO2-B2O3 ternary slag systems[J].Key Engineering Materials,2014,575:370.
[12] 汪异,王德志,孙翱魁,等.钼及其合金氧化防护涂层的进展[J].材料导报,2012,1:137.(Wang Y,Wang D Z,Sun A K,et al.The advance on oxidation resistance coating of Mo and Mo-alloys[J].Materials Review,2012,26(1):137.)
[13] Nakano T,Kishi T,Koyama K,et al.Mold powder technology for continuous casting of aluminum-killed steel[J].ISIJ International,1984,12(11):950.
[14] Marinelli M,Morpurgo G.The electric neutrality of matter:A summary[J].Physics Letters,1984,137B:439.
[15] Allibert M,Gaye H,Geiseler J,et al.Slag Atlas[M].2nd edition.Dusseldorf:Verlag Stahleisen GmbH,1995.
[16] 高金星.含Al2O3和 CaF2连铸结晶器保护渣成分、结构和性能的基础研究[D]//重庆:重庆大学,2016.(Gao J X.Fundamental Research on the Component,Structure and Properties of Mold Fluxes Containing Al2O3 and CaF2[D]//Chongqing:Chongqing University,2016.)
[17] 侯清玉,吕致远,赵春旺.V高掺杂对ZnO(GGA+U)导电性能和吸收光谱影响的研究[J].物理学报,2014,63(19):1.(Hou Q Y,Lü Z Y,Zhao C W.Effects of V-heavy-doped ZnO on electric conductivity performance and absorption spectrum[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2014,63(19):1.)