大五人格在患者攻击性与医患信任间的中介作用研究
|
摘要
背景近年来,医患冲突加剧、医患信任危机的状况时有发生,国内外学者从不同层面对医患关系的重要性、医患信任的影响因素等问题进行了探究,但目前对患者攻击性、患者人格对医患信任是否有影响及影响的路径尚不清楚。目的探讨患者攻击性、医患信任、大五人格间的关系以及患者大五人格在这二者间的中介作用。方法2017年12月—2018年2月,采用方便抽样法选取深圳市第一人民医院、深圳市中医院、深圳市光明新区人民医院、深圳市罗湖区人民医院、深圳市第七人民医院、深圳市福田区妇幼保健院、深圳市第四人民医院、广东省中医院8家医院患者,采用中文大学生版Buss-Perry攻击性量表(CC-BPAQ)、维克森林医师信任量表中文版(C-WFPTS)、中国版10项目大五人格量表(TIPI-C)进行调查。采用Mann-Whitney U检验比较不同性别患者的攻击性、医患信任及大五人格间的差异性,采用Spearman秩相关分析患者的攻击性、医患信任及大五人格间的相关性,采用AMOS 20.0软件拟合中介模型,采用Bootstrap程序分析中介效应。结果共发放问卷500份,回收有效问卷384份,有效回收率为76.8%。男性患者CC-BPAQ总分、身体攻击、冲动维度得分高于女性(P<0.05)。不同性别患者CC-BPAQ敌意、易怒维度得分、C-WFPTS总分、仁爱、技术能力维度得分、TIPI-C外向性、宜人性、尽责性、情绪稳定性、开放性维度得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者CC-BPAQ总分与C-WFPTS总分(r_s=-0.173)及TIPI-C外向性(r_s=-0.185)、宜人性(r_s=-0.296)、尽责性(r_s=-0.237)、情绪稳定性(r_s=-0.422)、开放性维度得分(r_s=-0.140)均呈负相关(P<0.05),C-WFPTS总分与TIPI-C宜人性(r_s=0.207)、情绪稳定性维度得分(r_s=0.211)呈正相关(P<0.05)。患者攻击性对医患信任的间接效应的估计值为-0.33〔95%CI(-0.92,-0.09)〕,大五人格在患者攻击性和医患信任间起到完全中介作用。结论患者攻击性以大五人格为中介对医患信任有预测作用,而人格特质是患者对医师信任的保护性因素,能够预防攻击性特质高的患者暴力伤医等攻击性行为,同时能够有效提高患者的医师信任水平。
Background In recent years,the intensification of doctor-patient conflict and the crisis of doctor-patient trust have occurred from time to time.Scholars at home and abroad have explored the importance of doctor-patient relationship and the influencing factors of doctor-patient trust from different levels.However,it is unclear whether aggression and personality of patients have an impact on doctor-patient trust.Objective To explore the relationship among aggression of patients,doctor-patient trust and big five personality traits,and big five personality traits' mediator role in patient aggression and doctorpatient trust.Methods By convenience sampling,patients were extracted from Shenzhen First People's Hospital,Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Shenzhen Guangming New District People's Hospital,Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital,Shenzhen Seventh People's Hospital,Women & Children Health Institute Futian,Shenzhen,Shenzhen Fourth People's Hospital,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2017 to February 2018.The Chinese College Students' version of Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire(CC-BPAQ),Chinese version of the Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale(C-WFPTS) and Ten-Item Personality Inventory in China(TIPI-C) were used for investigation.The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in aggression,trust in doctors,and big five personality traits among patients by sex.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between patient aggression,doctor-patient trust and big five personality traits.The mediation model was fitted using AMOS 20.0 software,and the mediation effect was analyzed using the Bootstrap program.Results A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed and 384 responsive ones were returned,achieving a response rate of 76.8%.The CC-BPAQ total score,physical aggression and impulsive subscale scores in male patients were higher than those in female patients(P<0.05).Sex-specific differences in the hostility and anger subscale scores of CC-BPAQ,C-WFPTS total score,and the scores of its benevolence,and technical ability dimensions,the subscale scores of extroversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness,neuroticism,and openness of TIPI-C in the patients were not significant(P>0.05).The CC-BPAQ total score was negatively correlated with C-WFPTS total score(r_s=-0.173),subscale scores of extroversion(r_s=-0.185),agreeableness(r_s=-0.296),conscientiousness(r_s=-0.237),neuroticism(r_s=-0.422),and openness(r_s=-0.140)of the TIPI-C(P<0.05).The C-WFPTS total score showed a positive correlation with the subscale scores of agreeableness(r_s=0.207),and neuroticism(r_s=0.211)of the TIPI-C(P<0.05).The estimated indirect effect of patient aggression on trust in physician was-0.33[95%CI(-0.92,-0.09)].The big five personality traits played a complete mediator role between patient aggression and doctor-patient trust.Conclusion Patient aggression predicted doctor-patient trust via the mediating role of the TIPI-C.Appropriate personality traits are the protective factors for doctor-patient trust.They can prevent patients with high aggressive traits from engaging in aggressive behavior such as violence against doctors,and can effectively improve the level of patient's trust in physicians.
Background In recent years,the intensification of doctor-patient conflict and the crisis of doctor-patient trust have occurred from time to time.Scholars at home and abroad have explored the importance of doctor-patient relationship and the influencing factors of doctor-patient trust from different levels.However,it is unclear whether aggression and personality of patients have an impact on doctor-patient trust.Objective To explore the relationship among aggression of patients,doctor-patient trust and big five personality traits,and big five personality traits' mediator role in patient aggression and doctorpatient trust.Methods By convenience sampling,patients were extracted from Shenzhen First People's Hospital,Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Shenzhen Guangming New District People's Hospital,Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People's Hospital,Shenzhen Seventh People's Hospital,Women & Children Health Institute Futian,Shenzhen,Shenzhen Fourth People's Hospital,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2017 to February 2018.The Chinese College Students' version of Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire(CC-BPAQ),Chinese version of the Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale(C-WFPTS) and Ten-Item Personality Inventory in China(TIPI-C) were used for investigation.The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in aggression,trust in doctors,and big five personality traits among patients by sex.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between patient aggression,doctor-patient trust and big five personality traits.The mediation model was fitted using AMOS 20.0 software,and the mediation effect was analyzed using the Bootstrap program.Results A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed and 384 responsive ones were returned,achieving a response rate of 76.8%.The CC-BPAQ total score,physical aggression and impulsive subscale scores in male patients were higher than those in female patients(P<0.05).Sex-specific differences in the hostility and anger subscale scores of CC-BPAQ,C-WFPTS total score,and the scores of its benevolence,and technical ability dimensions,the subscale scores of extroversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness,neuroticism,and openness of TIPI-C in the patients were not significant(P>0.05).The CC-BPAQ total score was negatively correlated with C-WFPTS total score(r_s=-0.173),subscale scores of extroversion(r_s=-0.185),agreeableness(r_s=-0.296),conscientiousness(r_s=-0.237),neuroticism(r_s=-0.422),and openness(r_s=-0.140)of the TIPI-C(P<0.05).The C-WFPTS total score showed a positive correlation with the subscale scores of agreeableness(r_s=0.207),and neuroticism(r_s=0.211)of the TIPI-C(P<0.05).The estimated indirect effect of patient aggression on trust in physician was-0.33[95%CI(-0.92,-0.09)].The big five personality traits played a complete mediator role between patient aggression and doctor-patient trust.Conclusion Patient aggression predicted doctor-patient trust via the mediating role of the TIPI-C.Appropriate personality traits are the protective factors for doctor-patient trust.They can prevent patients with high aggressive traits from engaging in aggressive behavior such as violence against doctors,and can effectively improve the level of patient's trust in physicians.
引文
[1]吴佳男.医师执业白皮书再解读[J].中国医院院长,2018,14(Z1):32-33.WU J N.Interpretation of the doctor's practice white pape[J].China Hospital CEO,2018,14(Z1):32-33.
[2]ANDERSON C A,BUSHMAN B J.Human aggression[J].Annu Rev Psychol,2002,53(1):27-51.DOI:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135231.
[3]宫福清,张斌.重建医患间的信任[J].中国医学伦理学,2006,19(2):65-67.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8565.2006.02.023.GONG F Q,ZHANG B.To re-establish doctor-patient trust relations[J].Chinese Medical Ethics,2006,19(2):65-67.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8565.2006.02.023.
[4]宁丽红,陈晓阳,杨同卫.基于患方的医患信任研究[J].中国医学伦理学,2012,25(5):623-625.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8565.2012.05.028.NING L H,CHEN X Y,YANG T W.Research on doctor-patient trust in view of patients[J].Chinese Medical Ethics,2012,25(5):623-625.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8565.2012.05.028.
[5]DEWALL C N,TWENGE J M,BUSHMAN B,et al.A little acceptance goes a long way:applying social impact theory to the rejection-aggression link[J].Soc Psychol Personal Sci,2010,1(2):168-174.DOI:10.1177/1948550610361387.
[6]丁道群,沈模卫.人格特质、网络社会支持与网络人际信任的关系[J].心理科学,2005,28(2):300-303.DOI:10.3969/j.cnki.1671-6981.2005.02.010.DING D Q,SHEN M W.Relationships among personality traits,online social support,and online interpersonal trust[J].Psychological Science,2005,28(2):300-303.DOI:10.3969/j.cnki.1671-6981.2005.02.010.
[7]伍明辉,宋凤宁.大学生人际信任与人格特征的相关研究[J].临床心身疾病杂志,2006,12(6):440-442.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-187X.2006.06.018.WU M H,SONG F N.Correlation studies on interpersonal confidence and personality characteristic of college students[J].Journal of Clinical Psychosomatic Diseases,2006,12(6):440-442.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-187X.2006.06.018.
[8]国秀琴.长株潭地区大学生人际信任、人格“大五”因素的现状及其关系研究[D].长沙:湖南师范大学,2008.GUO X Q.A study on interpersonal trust,the status of big-five personality factors and the relationship among them of university studentes in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area[D].Changsha:Hunan Normal University,2008.
[9]周倩,姚志强.大学生人格特质、人际信任与孤独感的关系研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(9):1110-1112.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2011.09.014.ZHOU Q,YAO Z Q.Relationship among personality traits,interpersonal trust and loneliness in college students[J].China Journal of Health Psychology,2011,19(9):1110-1112.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2011.09.014.
[10]THIELMANN I,HILBIG B E.Trust in me,trust in you:a social projection account of the link between personality,cooperativeness,and trustworthiness expectations[J].J Res Pers,2014,50(1):61-65.DOI:10.1016/j.jrp.2014.03.006.
[11]苗莉.医患矛盾产生的心理机制及缓释策略初探[D].重庆:西南大学,2015.MIAO L.Preliminary study on the psychological mechanism and improvement strategies of doctor-patient conflicts[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2015.
[12]李萍.大学生攻击性及其相应的人格特征研究[D].成都:四川师范大学,2008.LI P.The study on the undergraduate's aggression and corresponding personality characteristics[D].Chengdu:Sichuan Normal University,2008.
[13]吕路,高见和至,董冬,等.中文大学生版Buss-Perry攻击性量表的修订与信效度分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(5):378-383.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2013.05.012.LYU L,GAO J H Z,DONG D,et al.Development of the Chinese college students'version of Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire[J].Chinese Mental Health Journal,2013,27(5):378-383.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2013.05.012.
[14]HALL M A,ZHENG B,DUGAN E,et al.Measuring patients'trust in their primary care providers[J].Med Care Res Rev,2002,59(3):293-318.DOI:10.1177/1077558702059003004.
[15]董恩宏,鲍勇.维克森林医师信任量表中文修订版的信效度[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2012,26(3):171-175.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2012.03.003.DONG E H,BAO Y.Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of wake forest physician trust scale[J].Chinese Mental Health Journal,2012,26(3):171-175.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2012.03.003.
[16]李金德.中国版10项目大五人格量表(TIPI-C)的信效度检验[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2013,21(11):1688-1692.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2013.11.008.LI J D.Psychometric properties of ten-item personality inventory in China[J].China Journal of Health Psychology,2013,21(11):1688-1692.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2013.11.008.
[17]吴明隆.结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用[M].2版.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010:52-53.WU M L.Structural equation modeling:operation and application of AMOS[M].2nd ed.Chongqing:Chongqing University Press,2010:52-53.
[18]段力萨,冯俊敏,韩晨光,等.一般情绪攻击模型视角下暴力伤医的原因分析与防范措施[J].中国医学伦理学,2013,26(6):777-779.DUAN L S,FENG J M,HAN C G,et al.Causes analysis and preventive measures for hospital violence based on general affective aggression model[J].Chinese Medical Ethics,2013,26(6):777-779.
[19]徐德淼,唐日新,解军.外显和内隐攻击性表现方式的性别差异实验研究[J].心理科学,2007,30(6):1342-1344.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6981.2007.06.014.XU D M,TANG R X,XIE J.An experimental research of the gender difference in elicit and implicit aggression[J].Psychological Science,2007,30(6):1342-1344.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6981.2007.06.014.
[20]HARRIS M B.Aggression,gender and ethnicity[J].Aggress Violent Behav,1996,1(2):123-146.DOI:10.1016/1359-1789(95)00012-7.
[21]南晓薇,余毅震,杨奕,等.中学生攻击性与移情情绪管理能力的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(3):339-342.DOI:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2014.03.009.NAN X W,YU Y Z,YANG Y,et al.Aggression,empathy and emotional regulation among middle school students[J].Chinese Journal of School Health,2014,35(3):339-342.DOI:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2014.03.009.
[22]郭志峰.大学生心理控制源与人际信任研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版),2005,28(4):57-60.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1751.2005.04.018.GUO Z F.A research on the locus of control and the interpersonal trust of college students[J].Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition),2005,28(4):57-60.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1751.2005.04.018.
[23]杨昭宁,贾蕊,陈祥丽.高中生自尊和人际信任的关系研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2007,15(1):61-62.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-1252.2007.01.020.YANG Z N,JIA R,CHEN X L.The realationship between self-esteem and interpersonal-trust of senior-high-school students[J].China Journal of Health Psychology,2007,15(1):61-62.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-1252.2007.01.020.
[24]徐芬,李欢,马凤玲.大学生信任倾向与人格特质的关系[J].应用心理学,2011,17(3):202-211.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6020.2011.03.002.XU F,LI H,MA F L.Relationship between trust propensity and personality in university students[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology,2011,17(3):202-211.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6020.2011.03.002.
[25]张建新,张妙清,梁觉.殊化信任与泛化信任在人际信任行为路径模型中的作用[J].心理学报,2000,32(3):311-316.DOI:10.1007/s11769-000-0038-1.ZHANG J X,ZHANG M Q,LIANG J.Path model of specific trust and general trust in interpersonal behavior[J].Acta Psychologica Sinica,2000,32(3):311-316.DOI:10.1007/s11769-000-0038-1.
[26]EVANS A M,REVELLE W.Survey and behavioral measurements of interpersonal trust[J].J Res Pers,2008,42(6):1585-1593.DOI:10.1016/j.jrp.2008.07.011.
[27]曾丹薇.未成年犯攻击性的注意偏向及其攻击性与人格的关系研究[D].福州:福建师范大学,2012.ZENG D W.Research on the juvenile offenders'attentional bias and the relation between aggression and personality[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Normal University,2012.
[28]邵阳,谢斌,乔屹,等.男性暴力型违法犯罪青少年的愤怒情绪特征与父母教养方式对照研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2009,17(4):481-483.DOI:10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2009.04.038.SHAO Y,XIE B,QIAO Y,et al.A correlation study of state-trait anger to parental rearing styles of young male violent offenders[J].Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology,2009,17(4):481-483.DOI:10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2009.04.038.
[2]ANDERSON C A,BUSHMAN B J.Human aggression[J].Annu Rev Psychol,2002,53(1):27-51.DOI:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135231.
[3]宫福清,张斌.重建医患间的信任[J].中国医学伦理学,2006,19(2):65-67.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8565.2006.02.023.GONG F Q,ZHANG B.To re-establish doctor-patient trust relations[J].Chinese Medical Ethics,2006,19(2):65-67.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8565.2006.02.023.
[4]宁丽红,陈晓阳,杨同卫.基于患方的医患信任研究[J].中国医学伦理学,2012,25(5):623-625.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8565.2012.05.028.NING L H,CHEN X Y,YANG T W.Research on doctor-patient trust in view of patients[J].Chinese Medical Ethics,2012,25(5):623-625.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8565.2012.05.028.
[5]DEWALL C N,TWENGE J M,BUSHMAN B,et al.A little acceptance goes a long way:applying social impact theory to the rejection-aggression link[J].Soc Psychol Personal Sci,2010,1(2):168-174.DOI:10.1177/1948550610361387.
[6]丁道群,沈模卫.人格特质、网络社会支持与网络人际信任的关系[J].心理科学,2005,28(2):300-303.DOI:10.3969/j.cnki.1671-6981.2005.02.010.DING D Q,SHEN M W.Relationships among personality traits,online social support,and online interpersonal trust[J].Psychological Science,2005,28(2):300-303.DOI:10.3969/j.cnki.1671-6981.2005.02.010.
[7]伍明辉,宋凤宁.大学生人际信任与人格特征的相关研究[J].临床心身疾病杂志,2006,12(6):440-442.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-187X.2006.06.018.WU M H,SONG F N.Correlation studies on interpersonal confidence and personality characteristic of college students[J].Journal of Clinical Psychosomatic Diseases,2006,12(6):440-442.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-187X.2006.06.018.
[8]国秀琴.长株潭地区大学生人际信任、人格“大五”因素的现状及其关系研究[D].长沙:湖南师范大学,2008.GUO X Q.A study on interpersonal trust,the status of big-five personality factors and the relationship among them of university studentes in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area[D].Changsha:Hunan Normal University,2008.
[9]周倩,姚志强.大学生人格特质、人际信任与孤独感的关系研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(9):1110-1112.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2011.09.014.ZHOU Q,YAO Z Q.Relationship among personality traits,interpersonal trust and loneliness in college students[J].China Journal of Health Psychology,2011,19(9):1110-1112.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2011.09.014.
[10]THIELMANN I,HILBIG B E.Trust in me,trust in you:a social projection account of the link between personality,cooperativeness,and trustworthiness expectations[J].J Res Pers,2014,50(1):61-65.DOI:10.1016/j.jrp.2014.03.006.
[11]苗莉.医患矛盾产生的心理机制及缓释策略初探[D].重庆:西南大学,2015.MIAO L.Preliminary study on the psychological mechanism and improvement strategies of doctor-patient conflicts[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2015.
[12]李萍.大学生攻击性及其相应的人格特征研究[D].成都:四川师范大学,2008.LI P.The study on the undergraduate's aggression and corresponding personality characteristics[D].Chengdu:Sichuan Normal University,2008.
[13]吕路,高见和至,董冬,等.中文大学生版Buss-Perry攻击性量表的修订与信效度分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(5):378-383.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2013.05.012.LYU L,GAO J H Z,DONG D,et al.Development of the Chinese college students'version of Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire[J].Chinese Mental Health Journal,2013,27(5):378-383.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2013.05.012.
[14]HALL M A,ZHENG B,DUGAN E,et al.Measuring patients'trust in their primary care providers[J].Med Care Res Rev,2002,59(3):293-318.DOI:10.1177/1077558702059003004.
[15]董恩宏,鲍勇.维克森林医师信任量表中文修订版的信效度[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2012,26(3):171-175.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2012.03.003.DONG E H,BAO Y.Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of wake forest physician trust scale[J].Chinese Mental Health Journal,2012,26(3):171-175.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2012.03.003.
[16]李金德.中国版10项目大五人格量表(TIPI-C)的信效度检验[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2013,21(11):1688-1692.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2013.11.008.LI J D.Psychometric properties of ten-item personality inventory in China[J].China Journal of Health Psychology,2013,21(11):1688-1692.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2013.11.008.
[17]吴明隆.结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用[M].2版.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010:52-53.WU M L.Structural equation modeling:operation and application of AMOS[M].2nd ed.Chongqing:Chongqing University Press,2010:52-53.
[18]段力萨,冯俊敏,韩晨光,等.一般情绪攻击模型视角下暴力伤医的原因分析与防范措施[J].中国医学伦理学,2013,26(6):777-779.DUAN L S,FENG J M,HAN C G,et al.Causes analysis and preventive measures for hospital violence based on general affective aggression model[J].Chinese Medical Ethics,2013,26(6):777-779.
[19]徐德淼,唐日新,解军.外显和内隐攻击性表现方式的性别差异实验研究[J].心理科学,2007,30(6):1342-1344.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6981.2007.06.014.XU D M,TANG R X,XIE J.An experimental research of the gender difference in elicit and implicit aggression[J].Psychological Science,2007,30(6):1342-1344.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6981.2007.06.014.
[20]HARRIS M B.Aggression,gender and ethnicity[J].Aggress Violent Behav,1996,1(2):123-146.DOI:10.1016/1359-1789(95)00012-7.
[21]南晓薇,余毅震,杨奕,等.中学生攻击性与移情情绪管理能力的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(3):339-342.DOI:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2014.03.009.NAN X W,YU Y Z,YANG Y,et al.Aggression,empathy and emotional regulation among middle school students[J].Chinese Journal of School Health,2014,35(3):339-342.DOI:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2014.03.009.
[22]郭志峰.大学生心理控制源与人际信任研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版),2005,28(4):57-60.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1751.2005.04.018.GUO Z F.A research on the locus of control and the interpersonal trust of college students[J].Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition),2005,28(4):57-60.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1751.2005.04.018.
[23]杨昭宁,贾蕊,陈祥丽.高中生自尊和人际信任的关系研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2007,15(1):61-62.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-1252.2007.01.020.YANG Z N,JIA R,CHEN X L.The realationship between self-esteem and interpersonal-trust of senior-high-school students[J].China Journal of Health Psychology,2007,15(1):61-62.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-1252.2007.01.020.
[24]徐芬,李欢,马凤玲.大学生信任倾向与人格特质的关系[J].应用心理学,2011,17(3):202-211.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6020.2011.03.002.XU F,LI H,MA F L.Relationship between trust propensity and personality in university students[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology,2011,17(3):202-211.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6020.2011.03.002.
[25]张建新,张妙清,梁觉.殊化信任与泛化信任在人际信任行为路径模型中的作用[J].心理学报,2000,32(3):311-316.DOI:10.1007/s11769-000-0038-1.ZHANG J X,ZHANG M Q,LIANG J.Path model of specific trust and general trust in interpersonal behavior[J].Acta Psychologica Sinica,2000,32(3):311-316.DOI:10.1007/s11769-000-0038-1.
[26]EVANS A M,REVELLE W.Survey and behavioral measurements of interpersonal trust[J].J Res Pers,2008,42(6):1585-1593.DOI:10.1016/j.jrp.2008.07.011.
[27]曾丹薇.未成年犯攻击性的注意偏向及其攻击性与人格的关系研究[D].福州:福建师范大学,2012.ZENG D W.Research on the juvenile offenders'attentional bias and the relation between aggression and personality[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Normal University,2012.
[28]邵阳,谢斌,乔屹,等.男性暴力型违法犯罪青少年的愤怒情绪特征与父母教养方式对照研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2009,17(4):481-483.DOI:10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2009.04.038.SHAO Y,XIE B,QIAO Y,et al.A correlation study of state-trait anger to parental rearing styles of young male violent offenders[J].Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology,2009,17(4):481-483.DOI:10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2009.04.038.