真空浸渍工艺对速生杨木改性材力学性能的影响
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摘要
以速生杨木为试验材料,以不饱和聚酯树脂为改性剂,采用真空浸渍的方法处理速生杨木,探讨真空浸渍工艺对速生杨木力学性能的影响。浸渍处理工艺中真空度对改性后的速生杨木力学性能影响显著,真空度稳定时间、恢复常压时间及常压浸渍时间对改性速生杨木力学性能影响不显著。综合考虑,优化的工艺条件为真空度0.08 MPa、真空度稳定时间15 min、恢复常压时间140 s、常压浸渍时间8 min。经过改性处理后,处理材抗弯强度最大95.5 MPa,增加81.66%;弹性模量最大8.13 GPa,增加28.84%;顺纹抗压强度最大73.33 MPa,增加34.28%;横纹径向全部抗压比例极限应力最大9.08 MPa,增加52.09%;横纹弦向全部抗压比例极限应力最大6.04 MPa,增加25.83%。
With fast-growing poplar wood modified by vacuum impregnation process using unsaturated polyester resin as modifying agent, we studied the effect of vacuum impregnation process on the mechanical properties of poplar wood. The effect of vacuum degree on the mechanical properties of fast-growing poplar was significant, and the vacuum stabilization time, recovery time and atmospheric pressure were not significantly affected by the mechanical properties of poplar wood. The degree of vacuum in the vacuum impregnation progress had significant effect on the mechanical properties of the modified poplar wood, while factors of the vacuum settling time, restoring normal pressure time and atmospheric pressure impregnation time had not. The optimal process conditions were vacuum degree 0.08 MPa, vacuum settling time 15 min, restoring normal pressure time 140 s and atmospheric pressure impregnation time 8 min. Modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and compression strength superlatively increased by 81.66%, 28.84% and 34.28%, respectively, and the horizontal local compressive proportional limit stress of radial direction and tangential direction were independently improved by 52.09% and 25.83% with modifying treatment.
With fast-growing poplar wood modified by vacuum impregnation process using unsaturated polyester resin as modifying agent, we studied the effect of vacuum impregnation process on the mechanical properties of poplar wood. The effect of vacuum degree on the mechanical properties of fast-growing poplar was significant, and the vacuum stabilization time, recovery time and atmospheric pressure were not significantly affected by the mechanical properties of poplar wood. The degree of vacuum in the vacuum impregnation progress had significant effect on the mechanical properties of the modified poplar wood, while factors of the vacuum settling time, restoring normal pressure time and atmospheric pressure impregnation time had not. The optimal process conditions were vacuum degree 0.08 MPa, vacuum settling time 15 min, restoring normal pressure time 140 s and atmospheric pressure impregnation time 8 min. Modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and compression strength superlatively increased by 81.66%, 28.84% and 34.28%, respectively, and the horizontal local compressive proportional limit stress of radial direction and tangential direction were independently improved by 52.09% and 25.83% with modifying treatment.
引文
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[2] 侯瑞光.浸渍-热处理对杨木力学性能的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(2):125-129.
[3] 柴宇博.三聚氰胺脲醛树脂复配硼化物改性杨木的性能[J]木材工业,2015,29(3):5-9.
[4] 华杰琼.基于热处理和氧化轉协同作用的杨木改性研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2016.
[5] 侯瑞光.低分子量脲醛树脂浸渍速生杨木工艺初步研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(1):122-125.
[6] 李艳.微爆破处理对杨木薄板渗透性及软化效果的影响[D].北京:北京林业大学,2015.
[7] 白雪.微爆破处理对杨木渗透及力学性能影响的初步研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2012.
[8] 蔡家斌,董会军.木材压缩处理技术研究的现状[J].木材工业,2014,28(6):28-34.
[9] 刘君良,江泽慧,许忠允,等.人工林软质木材表面密实化新技术[J].木材工业,2002,16(1):20-22.
[10] 柴宇博,刘君良,吕文华.乙酰化杨木的热压缩工艺与性能分析[J].木材工业,2017,31(1):15-18.
[11] 徐康,吕建雄,李贤军,等.高温热处理对杨木PF浸渍材尺寸稳定性的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(9):70-77.
[12] 韩书广,黄润州,周兆兵,等.预压缩速生杨木的动态润湿性[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(9):112-114.
[13] 陈公哲,高正鑫,马骅,等.改性纳米碳酸钙与速生杨木符合的研究与表征[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(4):108-111.
[14] YU X,SUN D,LI X.Preparation and characterization of urea-formaldehyde resin-sodium montmorillonite intercalation-modified poplar[J].Journal of Wood Science,2011,57(6):501-506.
[15] 王燕,陈泽君.杉木浸渍改性材的尺寸稳定性研究[J].湖南林业科技,2013,40(5):41-44.
[16] 李伟成.浸渍工艺对杉木零件尺寸稳定性及装配性能影响[D].广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[17] YOUMING D,YUTAO Y,SHIFENG Z,et al.Wood/Polymer Nanocomposites Prepared by Impregnation with Furfuryl Alcohol and Nano-SiO2[J].BioResources,2014,9(4):6028-6042.
[18] 赵建宇.中国不饱和树脂工业进展[J].热固性树脂,2013,28(3):53-57.
[19] LI J J,ZHANG A B,ZHANG S F,et al.High-performance imitation precious wood from low-cost poplar wood via high-rate permeability of phenolic resins[J].Polymer Composites,2018,39(7):2431-2440.
[20] 徐敏.不饱和聚酯树脂改性对杨木尺寸稳定性的影响[J].木材加工机械,2017,28(1):23-26.
[21] 张建华.有机硅改性不饱和聚酯树脂的制备及应用研究[J].绝缘材料,2007,40(1):11-13.