镉在河蟹产品和产地环境中的含量监测及镉对河蟹毒性作用分析
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摘要
2013—2016年连续4年对A市稻田养殖模式中的河蟹产品、水质、底质中镉含量进行监测,利用对数等间距法对体质量10 g左右河蟹镉染毒的急性毒性和30 d染毒毒性进行评价,进一步分析总结了镉染毒对河蟹机体的损伤情况。结果表明,A市河蟹产品及养殖环境中镉含量基本符合国家标准限量要求,但应持续关注个别养殖区水质中镉的含量。染毒30 d后河蟹各组织均有镉残留,残留量由高到低依次为外壳、鳃、肝胰腺、肌肉。镉对河蟹机体的损伤体现在对细胞结构、酶系统、生殖系统等多方面,因此为保障河蟹产品质量及健康生态养殖,应持续关注对镉的风险监测工作。
The cadmium contents in E.sinensis products and the waters were monitored in A city from 2013 to 2016.The acute toxicity and 30 days exposure toxicity of the E.sinensis with about 10 g of body weight were evaluated by using log distance method,and the body injury after cadmium exposure were analyzed and summarized.The results showed that the cadmium content in the E.sinensis products and environment basically met the national standard.,The cadmium residues were found in E.sinensis tissues after exposure to the cadmium 30 days,with a sequence from high to low of shell,gill,hepatopancreas and muscle.The body damage from cadmium was reflected in the cell structure,enzyme system,reproductive system.Therefore,the risk monitoring of the cadmium should be paid attention for quality of E.sinensis products and healthy ecological farming.
The cadmium contents in E.sinensis products and the waters were monitored in A city from 2013 to 2016.The acute toxicity and 30 days exposure toxicity of the E.sinensis with about 10 g of body weight were evaluated by using log distance method,and the body injury after cadmium exposure were analyzed and summarized.The results showed that the cadmium content in the E.sinensis products and environment basically met the national standard.,The cadmium residues were found in E.sinensis tissues after exposure to the cadmium 30 days,with a sequence from high to low of shell,gill,hepatopancreas and muscle.The body damage from cadmium was reflected in the cell structure,enzyme system,reproductive system.Therefore,the risk monitoring of the cadmium should be paid attention for quality of E.sinensis products and healthy ecological farming.
引文
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[15]汤鸿,李少菁,王桂忠等.铜、锌、镉对锯缘青蟹代谢酶活力影响的试验研究[J].厦门大学学报:自然科学版,2000,39(4):521-525.
[16]Lee R F,O Malley K,Oshima Y.Effects of toxicants on developing oocytes and embryos of the blue crab,Callinectes sapidus[J].Marine Environmental Research,1996,42(14):125-128.
[2]GB 12997-91水质采样方案设计技术规定[S].中华人民共和国国家标准.
[3]GB 12998-91水质采样技术指导[S].中华人民共和国国家标准.
[4]SC/T 3016-2004水产品抽样方法[S].中华人民共和国水产行业标准.
[5]NY 5073-2006无公害食品水产品中有毒有害物质限量[S].中华人民共和国农业行业标准.
[6]NY5361-2010无公害食品淡水养殖产地环境条件[S].中华人民共和国农业行业标准.
[7]GB 15193.3-2003急性毒性试验[S].中华人民共和国国家标准.
[8]GB 15193.13-2003 30天和90天喂养试验[S].中华人民共和国国家标准.
[9]Silvestre F,Trausch G,Devos P.Hyper-osmoregulatory capacity of the Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)exposed to cadmium.Acclimation during chronic exposure[J].Comp Biochem Physio,2005,140(1):29-37.
[10]王兰,孙海峰,李春源.镉对长江华溪蟹精子发生的影响[J].动物学报,2002,48(5):677-684.
[11]王兰,孙海峰.镉对长江华溪蟹心肌细胞超微结构的影响[J].水生生物学报,2002,26(1):9-13.
[12]孟帆.铅、镉对河南华溪蟹细胞结构的影响[M].太原:山西大学出版社,2006.
[13]刘晓玲,周忠良,陈立侨.镉对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheirsinensis)抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].海洋科学,2003,27(8):59-62.
[14]卢敬让,赖伟,堵南山.镉对中华绒螯蟹肝R-细胞亚显微结构及血清谷丙转氨酶(SGPT)活力的影响[J].青岛:中国海洋大学学报,1989,19(2):62-68.
[15]汤鸿,李少菁,王桂忠等.铜、锌、镉对锯缘青蟹代谢酶活力影响的试验研究[J].厦门大学学报:自然科学版,2000,39(4):521-525.
[16]Lee R F,O Malley K,Oshima Y.Effects of toxicants on developing oocytes and embryos of the blue crab,Callinectes sapidus[J].Marine Environmental Research,1996,42(14):125-128.