南昌市区(县)疾病预防控制体系资源配置的公平性研究
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摘要
目的对南昌市区(县)疾病预防控制体系的卫生资源配置的公平性进行评价,为卫生行政部门优化卫生资源配置提供科学依据。方法运用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数按人口和地理面积分布对南昌市区(县)疾病预防控制体系的在岗人员、财政拨款、实验设备、实验项目和单位用房面积5项指标进行公平性评价。结果 2016年在岗人员、财政拨款、实验设备、实验项目和单位用房面积按人口分布的基尼系数分别是0.29、0.39、0.28、0.28和0.32,按地理面积分布的基尼系数分别是0.49、0.60、0.56、0.57和0.57。2010年、2013年、2016年每隔3年的数据显示,南昌市区(县)疾病预防控制体系的卫生资源按人口和地理面积分布的基尼系数总体上呈缓慢增长趋势。结论南昌市区(县)疾病预防控制体系的卫生资源按人口分布公平性优于按地理面积分布的公平性,卫生资源配置的公平性有下降趋势。应加强卫生资源的投入,调整资源的内部结构,提高卫生资源配置在人口和地理面积分布上的公平性。
Objective To evaluate the equity of the allocation of health resources in Nanchang district/county-level centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs),and to provide a scientific basis for the health administration to optimize the allocation of health resources. Methods Using the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient according to the distribution of population and geographical area,the fairness of the staff of the district/county-level CDCs in Nanchang City,fiscal allocation,experimental facilities,experimental projects,and work place were evaluated. Results Based on population distribution,Gini coefficient of incumbents,fiscal allocation,experimental facilities,experimental projects and work place in 2016 were 0.29,0.39,0.28,0.28 and 0.32,respectively. The Gini coefficients by geographical area were 0.49,0.60,0.56,0.57,and 0.57,respectively. The data for every three years in 2010,2013,and 2016 showed that Gini coefficient of the distribution of health resources according to population and geographic area of Nanchang district/county-level CDCs showed a slowly increasing trend. Conclusion The health resources in district/county-level CDCs in Nanchang were more equally distributed from the perspective of demography than the perspective of geography,and the distribution equity of health resources demonstrated a downtrend tendency. It is suggested that more health resources be provided,the internal structure of these resources be adjusted and the distribution equity of health resources be enhanced demographically and geographically.
Objective To evaluate the equity of the allocation of health resources in Nanchang district/county-level centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs),and to provide a scientific basis for the health administration to optimize the allocation of health resources. Methods Using the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient according to the distribution of population and geographical area,the fairness of the staff of the district/county-level CDCs in Nanchang City,fiscal allocation,experimental facilities,experimental projects,and work place were evaluated. Results Based on population distribution,Gini coefficient of incumbents,fiscal allocation,experimental facilities,experimental projects and work place in 2016 were 0.29,0.39,0.28,0.28 and 0.32,respectively. The Gini coefficients by geographical area were 0.49,0.60,0.56,0.57,and 0.57,respectively. The data for every three years in 2010,2013,and 2016 showed that Gini coefficient of the distribution of health resources according to population and geographic area of Nanchang district/county-level CDCs showed a slowly increasing trend. Conclusion The health resources in district/county-level CDCs in Nanchang were more equally distributed from the perspective of demography than the perspective of geography,and the distribution equity of health resources demonstrated a downtrend tendency. It is suggested that more health resources be provided,the internal structure of these resources be adjusted and the distribution equity of health resources be enhanced demographically and geographically.
引文
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[14]柴煜卿.我国疾控机构实验室检验能力评价研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2008.
[2]米玉倩,吴静,梁晓峰.我国疾控机构实验室检验能力分析[J].中国卫生政策研究,2017,3(10):75-80.
[3]姜小仙,符艳,李芳.南昌市疾控中心学科人才建设实践与思考[J].职业与健康,2012,28(11):1402-1404.
[4]陈盛恩.南昌市疾控机构体系建设现状分析[J].中国公共卫生管理,2009,25(5):476-478.
[5]王馨,余昌泽,王心旺,等.广东省社区卫生服务人力资源配置现状及公平性分析[J].中国全科医学,2014,17(11):1323-1326.
[6]李丽,王传斌.安徽省卫生资源配置的公平性分析[J].中国卫生统计,2010,27(5):535-536.
[7]张晓燕,梁倩君.湖北省卫生资源配置的公平性分析:基于Lorenz曲线和Gini系数的综合分析[J].中国卫生资源,2010,13(2):69-71.
[8]HAN J,ZHU L,KULLDORFF M,et al.Using Gini coefficient to determining optimal cluster reporting sizes for spatial scan statistics[J].Int J Health Geogr,2016,15(1):27.
[9]苏彬彬,曹炜,贾金忠,等.我国疾控机构人力资源现状及其配置公平性研究[J].中国卫生政策研究,2016,9(6):75-80.
[10]ASL I M,ABOLHALLAJE M,RAADABADI M,et al.Distribution of hospital beds in Tehran Province based on Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve from 2010 to 2012[J].Electron Physician,2015,7(8):1653-1657.
[11]杨展,胡晓,陈饶,等.我国基层医疗卫生资源配置公平性研究[J].中国卫生资源,2017,20(2):106-109.
[12]李晓燕,谢长青,杨明洪.从人口和地理视角看农村卫生资源配置公平性:以黑龙江省为实证[J].农业经济问题,2008(12):37-43.
[13]张雪莉,丁凡,李群.我国疾病预防控制中心人力资源发展状况分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2012,13(5):399-400.
[14]柴煜卿.我国疾控机构实验室检验能力评价研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2008.