江西省高中生校园欺凌影响因素分析
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摘要
目的描述江西省南昌市及婺源县高中生校园欺凌发生情况及其影响因素,为减少校园欺凌的发生提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,在南昌市抽取5所学校,每所学校抽取高一、高二各2个班的学生作为研究对象;婺源县采用整群抽样的方法抽取1所学校,该校所有高一、高二学生作为研究对象,进行校园欺凌情况问卷调查。结果高中生校园欺凌率为26.6%,其中农村地区(OR=1.52)、男性(OR=1.44)、饮酒(OR=1.36)、打架(OR=2.34)、每天上网1～3 h(OR=1.29)、每天上网≥3 h(OR=1.43)、体型偏瘦(OR=1.25)是校园欺凌发生的危险因素(P值均<0.05);而父母有时关心(OR=0.58)、父母经常关心(OR=0.70)是校园欺凌发生的保护因素(P值均<0.05)。就非人口学危险因素而言,与无危险因素者相比,危险因素增加至≥3个时发生校园欺凌的可能性增加1.93倍(P<0.01)。结论江西省高中生校园欺凌的发生是多种因素共同作用产生的结果。教育部门及家庭应共同努力为青少年创建积极健康的学习生活环境,减少校园欺凌的发生。
Objective To describe the occurrence of bullying of high school students in Nanchang city and Wuyuan county of Jiangxi province,and to provide advice on reducing bullying in schools. Methods Use the method of stratified cluster random sampling to extract 5 schools and two classes in the five schools as the research object in Nanchang city; In Wuyuan,use the whole cluster sampling method to extract one school and all the high school students in the school as the research object; conduct a questionnaire survey. Results There were 2 694 valid questionnaires in the two regions. The response rate of school bullying was26.6%,rural residence( OR = 1.52,P<0.01),male( OR = 1.44,P<0.01),drinking( OR = 1.36,P<0.05),fight( OR = 2.34,P<0.01),surf the Internet for 1-3 hours( OR = 1.29,P<0.05),surf the Internet for 3 hours or more every day( OR = 1.43,P<0.05)body slants thin( OR = 1.25,P<0.05) were risk factors for bullying on campus. " Parents sometime care"( OR = 0.58,P<0.01), " parents often care"( OR = 0.70,P<0.01) were protective factors for bullying on campus. In terms of non-demographic risk factors,compared to students with no risk factors,the odds of students with 3 or more risk factors increased by 1.93 times( OR = 1.93,P<0.01). Conclusion The occurrence of bullying of high school students in Jiangxi province results from interactions of multiple factors. And it will bring a variety of physical and mental health effects to the victim. Education departments and families should work together to create an active and healthy learning environment for teenagers,reduce school bullying.
Objective To describe the occurrence of bullying of high school students in Nanchang city and Wuyuan county of Jiangxi province,and to provide advice on reducing bullying in schools. Methods Use the method of stratified cluster random sampling to extract 5 schools and two classes in the five schools as the research object in Nanchang city; In Wuyuan,use the whole cluster sampling method to extract one school and all the high school students in the school as the research object; conduct a questionnaire survey. Results There were 2 694 valid questionnaires in the two regions. The response rate of school bullying was26.6%,rural residence( OR = 1.52,P<0.01),male( OR = 1.44,P<0.01),drinking( OR = 1.36,P<0.05),fight( OR = 2.34,P<0.01),surf the Internet for 1-3 hours( OR = 1.29,P<0.05),surf the Internet for 3 hours or more every day( OR = 1.43,P<0.05)body slants thin( OR = 1.25,P<0.05) were risk factors for bullying on campus. " Parents sometime care"( OR = 0.58,P<0.01), " parents often care"( OR = 0.70,P<0.01) were protective factors for bullying on campus. In terms of non-demographic risk factors,compared to students with no risk factors,the odds of students with 3 or more risk factors increased by 1.93 times( OR = 1.93,P<0.01). Conclusion The occurrence of bullying of high school students in Jiangxi province results from interactions of multiple factors. And it will bring a variety of physical and mental health effects to the victim. Education departments and families should work together to create an active and healthy learning environment for teenagers,reduce school bullying.
引文
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[13]ALBDOUR M,KROUSE H J.Bullying and victimization among African American adolescents:a literature review[J].J Child Adoles Psychiatr Nurs,2014,27(2):68-82.
[14]JANSSEN I,CRAIG W M,BOYCE W F,et al.Associations between overweight and obesity with bullying behaviors in school-aged children[J].Pediatrics,2004,113(5):1187-1194.
[15]邹珍,张静,郑志杰.国内外儿童和青少年肥胖现状及研究进展[J].上海交通大学学报(医学版),2015,35(4):601-604.
[16]ALBUHAIRAN F,ABBAS O A,SAYED D E,et al.The relationship of bullying and physical violence to mental health and academic performance:a cross-sectional study among adolescents in Saudi Arabia[J].Int J Pediatr,2017,4(2)61-65.
[17]王文靖,张志华,李一峰,等.校园欺凌及其危害[J].伤害医学(电子版),2017,6(2):52-56.
[18]GINI G,POZZOLI T.Bullied children and psychosomatic problems:a meta analysis[J].Pediatrics,2013,132(4):720-729.
[19]JERNBRO C,SVENSSON B,TINDBERG Y,et al.Multiple psychosomatic symptoms can indicate child physical abuse:results from a study of Swedish school children[J].Acta Paediatri,2012,101(3):324-329.
[20]LEPORE S J,KLIEWER W.Violence exposure,sleep disturbance,and poor academic performance in middle school[J].J Abnorm Child Psychol,2013,41(8):1179-1189.
[2]BRADSHAW J,CROUS G,REES G,et al.Comparing children’s experiences of schools-based bullying across countries[J].Child Youth Serv Rev,2017,80:1-30.
[3]李普,苏明月.美国应对校园网络欺凌的策略及其启示[J].中国青年社会科学,2017,36(5):115-120.
[4]SHAHEEN A M,HAMMAD S,HAOURANI E M,et al.Factors affecting Jordanian school adolescents’experience of Being bullied[J].JPediatr Nurs,2017,doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2017-09-003.
[5]陈纯槿,郅庭瑾.校园欺凌的影响因素及其长效防治机制构建:基于2015年青少年校园欺凌行为测量数据的分析[J].教育发展研究,2017(20):31-41.
[6]GARMY P,VILHJ L R,KRISTJ N G.Bullying in school-aged children in Iceland:a cross-sectional study[J].J Pediatr Nurs,2018,38:e30-e34.
[7]黄情,姜小庆,李春玫,等.高中生校园暴力行为影响因素的结构方程模型分析[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(10):1524-1526,1529.
[8]HATZENBUEHLER M L,SCHWAB-REESE L,RANAPURWALA SI,et al.Associations between anti bullying policies and bullying in 25states[J].JAMA Pediatr,2015,169(10):e152411.
[9]吴强.留守青少年校园欺凌现象影响研究[D].合肥:安徽大学,2017.
[10]潘虹.中学校园欺凌问题及其成因研究[D].兰州:西北民族大学,2017.
[11]ELSAESSER C,HONG J S,VOISIN D R.Violence exposure and bullying among African American adolescents:examining the protective role of academic engagement[J].Child Youth Serv Rev,2016,70:394-402.
[12]张凯,吴守宝.青少年网络欺凌:类型、影响因素及干预[J].淮北师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017,38(2):119-122.
[13]ALBDOUR M,KROUSE H J.Bullying and victimization among African American adolescents:a literature review[J].J Child Adoles Psychiatr Nurs,2014,27(2):68-82.
[14]JANSSEN I,CRAIG W M,BOYCE W F,et al.Associations between overweight and obesity with bullying behaviors in school-aged children[J].Pediatrics,2004,113(5):1187-1194.
[15]邹珍,张静,郑志杰.国内外儿童和青少年肥胖现状及研究进展[J].上海交通大学学报(医学版),2015,35(4):601-604.
[16]ALBUHAIRAN F,ABBAS O A,SAYED D E,et al.The relationship of bullying and physical violence to mental health and academic performance:a cross-sectional study among adolescents in Saudi Arabia[J].Int J Pediatr,2017,4(2)61-65.
[17]王文靖,张志华,李一峰,等.校园欺凌及其危害[J].伤害医学(电子版),2017,6(2):52-56.
[18]GINI G,POZZOLI T.Bullied children and psychosomatic problems:a meta analysis[J].Pediatrics,2013,132(4):720-729.
[19]JERNBRO C,SVENSSON B,TINDBERG Y,et al.Multiple psychosomatic symptoms can indicate child physical abuse:results from a study of Swedish school children[J].Acta Paediatri,2012,101(3):324-329.
[20]LEPORE S J,KLIEWER W.Violence exposure,sleep disturbance,and poor academic performance in middle school[J].J Abnorm Child Psychol,2013,41(8):1179-1189.