不同单糖对大麦虫体重、蛋白和脂肪含量的影响
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摘要
以大麦虫为实验对象,分别投喂不同浓度(0.5%、1%、2%)的木糖、果糖、甘露糖、阿拉伯糖、核糖作为饲料糖源的5种饲料14 d,研究饲料中的不同浓度糖源对大麦虫体重、蛋白及脂肪的影响。结果表明,不同浓度的单糖对大麦虫日增重、粗蛋白含量、脂肪含量均有显著影响(P<0.05)。体重分析结果表明,浓度为0.5%的不同单糖,木糖组的日增重显著高于其他各糖源组(P<0.05)。浓度为1%的不同单糖,木糖和果糖组的日增重无显著差异,但显著高于其他糖源组(P<0.05)。浓度为2%的不同单糖,果糖组的日增重显著高于其他各糖源组(P<0.05)。蛋白分析结果表明,浓度为0.5%的不同单糖,果糖组的粗蛋白显著高于阿拉伯糖和核糖组(P<0.05)。浓度为1%的不同单糖,阿拉伯糖和核糖组的粗蛋白无显著差异,但显著高于其他糖源组(P<0.05)。浓度为2%的不同单糖,核糖组的粗蛋白显著高于其他各糖源组(P<0.05)。脂肪分析结果表明,浓度为0.5%的不同单糖,核糖组的粗脂肪显著高于其他各糖源组(P<0.05)。浓度为1%和2%的不同单糖,阿拉伯糖和核糖组的粗脂肪无显著差异,但显著高于其他各糖源组(P<0.05)。
Superworm were fed with five diets containing different simple sugars( xylose,fructose,mannose,arabia sugar,or ribose) for 2 weeks to investigate the effects of different dietary simple sugars sources on their weight,protein,fat content. The data indicated that different concentrations simple sugars had significant effects on the daily gain,protein,fat content of Superworm( P < 0. 05). The results of weight analysis showed that the average daily gain of xylose group was significantly higher than the other sugar groups in the concentration of 0. 5%( P <0. 05). No significant differences were observed in xylose and fructose in the average daily gain of 1% of the different sugars,but significantly higher than the other sugar groups( P < 0. 05). The daily gain of fructose group was significantly higher than the other groups in the concentration of 2%( P < 0. 05). The results of protein analysis showed that the crude protein of the fructose group was significantly higher than the arabia sugar and ribose group with a concentration of 0. 5%( P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the crude protein of the arabia sugar and ribose group,but significantly higher than the other group with a concentration of 1%( P < 0. 05). The crude protein of the ribose group was significantly higher than the other groups in the concentration of 2%( P <0. 05). The results of fat analysis showed that the crude fat of the ribose group was significantly higher thant the other groups with a concentration of 0. 5%( P < 0. 05). There were no significant differences in crude fat of arabia sugar and ribose,but significantly higher than the other sugar groups in the concentration of 1% and 2%( P <0. 05).
Superworm were fed with five diets containing different simple sugars( xylose,fructose,mannose,arabia sugar,or ribose) for 2 weeks to investigate the effects of different dietary simple sugars sources on their weight,protein,fat content. The data indicated that different concentrations simple sugars had significant effects on the daily gain,protein,fat content of Superworm( P < 0. 05). The results of weight analysis showed that the average daily gain of xylose group was significantly higher than the other sugar groups in the concentration of 0. 5%( P <0. 05). No significant differences were observed in xylose and fructose in the average daily gain of 1% of the different sugars,but significantly higher than the other sugar groups( P < 0. 05). The daily gain of fructose group was significantly higher than the other groups in the concentration of 2%( P < 0. 05). The results of protein analysis showed that the crude protein of the fructose group was significantly higher than the arabia sugar and ribose group with a concentration of 0. 5%( P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the crude protein of the arabia sugar and ribose group,but significantly higher than the other group with a concentration of 1%( P < 0. 05). The crude protein of the ribose group was significantly higher than the other groups in the concentration of 2%( P <0. 05). The results of fat analysis showed that the crude fat of the ribose group was significantly higher thant the other groups with a concentration of 0. 5%( P < 0. 05). There were no significant differences in crude fat of arabia sugar and ribose,but significantly higher than the other sugar groups in the concentration of 1% and 2%( P <0. 05).
引文
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2 Kraatz G.Die arten der Tenebrioniden-Gattung Zophobas in Dr.Haags sammlung.Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift,1880;24(1):121—135
3 Ferrer J,Odegaard F.New species of darkling beetles from Central America with systematic notes(Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae).Annales Zoologici,2005;55(4):633—661
4 何伟灵,容庭,刘志昌,等.大麦虫幼虫营养成分分析.广东农业科学,2014;41(6):122—126He W L,Rong T,Liu Z C,et al.Analysis or nutritive composition in Zophobas morgo larvae.Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2014;41(6):122—126
5 容庭,刘志昌,宋浩铭,等.大麦虫幼虫粉营养成分及其储藏特性分析.中国畜牧兽医,2015;42(4):915—922Rong T,Liu Z C,Song H M,et al.Analysis on the nutrient composition and storage characteristics in the powder of Zophobas Morio Larvae.China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2015;42(4):915—922
6 吴世豪.特养新秀——大麦虫.科学种养,2008;(4):48Wu S H.Rookie rookie of the superworm.Scientific Farming,2008;(4):48
7 冯金华,邢荣娥.大麦虫幼虫脂肪油中的脂肪酸组成分析.中国食物与营养,2010;(9):17—19Feng J H,Xing R E.Study on the fatty acid compositions of zophobsmorio L Larva oil.Food and Nutrition in China,2010;(9):17—19
8 郭民.养殖大麦虫,大步迈向致富路.农村百事通,2015;(3):25—26Guo M.Breeding superworm,big step towards getting rich road.Rural Blackstone,2015;(3):25—26
9 祝海娟,赵晨霞.大麦虫各种虫态的营养成分分析.食品研究与开发,2013;34(21):101—104Zhu H J,Zhao C X.Analysis of nutritional components of superworm in different instars.Food Research and Development,2013;34(21):101 —104
10 Finke M D.Complete nutrient composition of commercially raised invertebrates used as food for insectivores.Zoo Biology,2002;21(3):269—285
11 Finke M D.Estimate of chitin in raw whole insects.Zoo Biology,2007;26(2):105—115
12 Finke M D.Complete nutrient content of four species of feeder insects.Zoo Biology,2013;32(1):27—36
13 侯艳晓.大麦虫.农业知识(百姓新生活),2015;(9):28—31Hou Y X.Zophobas morio.Agricultural Knowledge(the People of a New Life),2015;(9):28—31
14 苗少娟.大麦虫(Zophobas morio)生物学特性及其对塑料降解作用的研究.西安:西北农林科技大学,2010:1—2Miao S J.Studies on biological characteristics of Morio Zophobas and its effect on the degradation of plastic.Xi'an:North West Agriculture and Forestry University,2010:1—2
15 喻锦秀,张烜,胡拥军.大麦虫的人工繁育技术.湖南林业科技,2011;38(1):51—52Yu J X,Zhang H,Hu Y J.Artificial breeding technique of superworm.Hunan Forestry Science&Technology,2011;38(1):51 —52
16 采克俊,张丽倩,刘莉.大麦虫养殖技术.现代农业科学,2008;15(5):38—39Cai K J,Zhang L Q,Liu L.Superworm breeding technology.Modern Agricultural Sciences,2008;15(5):38—39
17 Blair T,Castell J,Nell S,et al.Evaluation of microdiets versus live feeds on growth,survival and fatty acid composition of larval haddock(Melanograrnmus aegtefinus).Aquaculture,2003;225(1—4 ):451—461
18 王加启,于建国.饲料分析与检测.北京:中国计量出版社,2004:34—40Wang J Q,Yu J G.Feed analysis and detection.Beijing:China Metrology Publishing House,2004:34—40
19 张琴,许明珠,童潼,等.饲料中不同糖源对方格星虫稚虫日增重和消化酶的影响.南方水产科学,2014;10(1):21 —25Zhang Q,Xu M Z,Tong T,et al.Effect of different carbohydrate sources on daily weight growth and digestive enzyme activities of larval peanut worm(Sipunculus nudus).South China Fisheries Science,2014;10(1):21—25
20 Niu J,Lin H Z,Jiang S C,et al.Effect of seven carbohydrate sources onjuvenile Penaeusmonodon growth performance,nutrient utilization efficiency and hepatopancreas enzyme activities of 6—phosphogluconate dehydrogenase,hexokinase and amylase.Anim Feed Sci Tech,2012;174:86—95
21 Oonincx D,Dierenfeld E S.An investigation into the chemical composition of alternative invertebrate prey.Zoo Biol,2012;31(1):40 —54
22 于桂香,李昱喆,李维胜,等.黄粉虫蛋白功能饮料的开发利用.山东农业科学,2006;(4):72—73Yu G X,Li Y Z,Li W S,et al.The development and utilization of the protein functional beverage of Tenebrio molitor.Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2006;(4):72—73
2 Kraatz G.Die arten der Tenebrioniden-Gattung Zophobas in Dr.Haags sammlung.Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift,1880;24(1):121—135
3 Ferrer J,Odegaard F.New species of darkling beetles from Central America with systematic notes(Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae).Annales Zoologici,2005;55(4):633—661
4 何伟灵,容庭,刘志昌,等.大麦虫幼虫营养成分分析.广东农业科学,2014;41(6):122—126He W L,Rong T,Liu Z C,et al.Analysis or nutritive composition in Zophobas morgo larvae.Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2014;41(6):122—126
5 容庭,刘志昌,宋浩铭,等.大麦虫幼虫粉营养成分及其储藏特性分析.中国畜牧兽医,2015;42(4):915—922Rong T,Liu Z C,Song H M,et al.Analysis on the nutrient composition and storage characteristics in the powder of Zophobas Morio Larvae.China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2015;42(4):915—922
6 吴世豪.特养新秀——大麦虫.科学种养,2008;(4):48Wu S H.Rookie rookie of the superworm.Scientific Farming,2008;(4):48
7 冯金华,邢荣娥.大麦虫幼虫脂肪油中的脂肪酸组成分析.中国食物与营养,2010;(9):17—19Feng J H,Xing R E.Study on the fatty acid compositions of zophobsmorio L Larva oil.Food and Nutrition in China,2010;(9):17—19
8 郭民.养殖大麦虫,大步迈向致富路.农村百事通,2015;(3):25—26Guo M.Breeding superworm,big step towards getting rich road.Rural Blackstone,2015;(3):25—26
9 祝海娟,赵晨霞.大麦虫各种虫态的营养成分分析.食品研究与开发,2013;34(21):101—104Zhu H J,Zhao C X.Analysis of nutritional components of superworm in different instars.Food Research and Development,2013;34(21):101 —104
10 Finke M D.Complete nutrient composition of commercially raised invertebrates used as food for insectivores.Zoo Biology,2002;21(3):269—285
11 Finke M D.Estimate of chitin in raw whole insects.Zoo Biology,2007;26(2):105—115
12 Finke M D.Complete nutrient content of four species of feeder insects.Zoo Biology,2013;32(1):27—36
13 侯艳晓.大麦虫.农业知识(百姓新生活),2015;(9):28—31Hou Y X.Zophobas morio.Agricultural Knowledge(the People of a New Life),2015;(9):28—31
14 苗少娟.大麦虫(Zophobas morio)生物学特性及其对塑料降解作用的研究.西安:西北农林科技大学,2010:1—2Miao S J.Studies on biological characteristics of Morio Zophobas and its effect on the degradation of plastic.Xi'an:North West Agriculture and Forestry University,2010:1—2
15 喻锦秀,张烜,胡拥军.大麦虫的人工繁育技术.湖南林业科技,2011;38(1):51—52Yu J X,Zhang H,Hu Y J.Artificial breeding technique of superworm.Hunan Forestry Science&Technology,2011;38(1):51 —52
16 采克俊,张丽倩,刘莉.大麦虫养殖技术.现代农业科学,2008;15(5):38—39Cai K J,Zhang L Q,Liu L.Superworm breeding technology.Modern Agricultural Sciences,2008;15(5):38—39
17 Blair T,Castell J,Nell S,et al.Evaluation of microdiets versus live feeds on growth,survival and fatty acid composition of larval haddock(Melanograrnmus aegtefinus).Aquaculture,2003;225(1—4 ):451—461
18 王加启,于建国.饲料分析与检测.北京:中国计量出版社,2004:34—40Wang J Q,Yu J G.Feed analysis and detection.Beijing:China Metrology Publishing House,2004:34—40
19 张琴,许明珠,童潼,等.饲料中不同糖源对方格星虫稚虫日增重和消化酶的影响.南方水产科学,2014;10(1):21 —25Zhang Q,Xu M Z,Tong T,et al.Effect of different carbohydrate sources on daily weight growth and digestive enzyme activities of larval peanut worm(Sipunculus nudus).South China Fisheries Science,2014;10(1):21—25
20 Niu J,Lin H Z,Jiang S C,et al.Effect of seven carbohydrate sources onjuvenile Penaeusmonodon growth performance,nutrient utilization efficiency and hepatopancreas enzyme activities of 6—phosphogluconate dehydrogenase,hexokinase and amylase.Anim Feed Sci Tech,2012;174:86—95
21 Oonincx D,Dierenfeld E S.An investigation into the chemical composition of alternative invertebrate prey.Zoo Biol,2012;31(1):40 —54
22 于桂香,李昱喆,李维胜,等.黄粉虫蛋白功能饮料的开发利用.山东农业科学,2006;(4):72—73Yu G X,Li Y Z,Li W S,et al.The development and utilization of the protein functional beverage of Tenebrio molitor.Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2006;(4):72—73