ENSO现象对东南太平洋智利竹■鱼资源丰度及其渔场变动的影响
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摘要
ENSO(El Ni■o-southern oscillation)是目前全球已知的最大海-气相互作用现象,对渔业生产具有重要影响。根据2003—2016年我国东南太平洋智利竹■鱼渔捞日志资料,结合Ni■o 3. 4区海表温度距平值(SSTA)分析智利竹■鱼渔场资源丰度和时空分布。结果表明:智利竹■鱼渔场重心变化与ENSO现象存在着显著相关性,Ni■o 3. 4区SSTA与经度重心的关联度为0. 700,与纬度重心的关联度为0. 726,与CPUE月间变化的关联度为0. 520,与CPUE年间变化的关联度为0. 703。厄尔尼诺期间,渔场重心存在向西北移动的趋势,其CPUE高于正常月份平均值;拉尼娜期间,渔场重心存在向东南移动的趋势,其CPUE低于正常月份平均值。
ENSO are the largest coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomena. ENSO has enormous effects on marine fisheries. Spatial-temporal changes and abundance index of Chilean jack mackerel( Trachurus murphyi) are analyzed,according to the statistical data of fishing yield of Chilean jack mackerel of Chinese fleets,and data of Ni■o 3. 4 region sea surface temperature anomaly( SSTA) from 2003 to 2016. The result shows that there is significant correlation between ENSO and the fishing ground gravity of Chilean jack mackerel. The correlation degree between SSTA of the Ni■o 3. 4 region and longitudinal gravity,latitude gravity,monthly change of CPUE and interannual change of CPUE are 0. 700,0. 726,0. 520 and 0. 703. During EI Ni■o occurrence,fishing ground gravity moves northwest,the CPUE higher than the CPUE of normal month,while during La Ni■a occurrence,fishing ground gravity moves southeast,the CPUE lower than the CPUE of normal month.
ENSO are the largest coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomena. ENSO has enormous effects on marine fisheries. Spatial-temporal changes and abundance index of Chilean jack mackerel( Trachurus murphyi) are analyzed,according to the statistical data of fishing yield of Chilean jack mackerel of Chinese fleets,and data of Ni■o 3. 4 region sea surface temperature anomaly( SSTA) from 2003 to 2016. The result shows that there is significant correlation between ENSO and the fishing ground gravity of Chilean jack mackerel. The correlation degree between SSTA of the Ni■o 3. 4 region and longitudinal gravity,latitude gravity,monthly change of CPUE and interannual change of CPUE are 0. 700,0. 726,0. 520 and 0. 703. During EI Ni■o occurrence,fishing ground gravity moves northwest,the CPUE higher than the CPUE of normal month,while during La Ni■a occurrence,fishing ground gravity moves southeast,the CPUE lower than the CPUE of normal month.
引文
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[3]JORGE B C.The fishery for jack mackerel(Trachurus murphpyi)off Northern Chile[D].Russia:Oregen State University,1981:44-53.
[4]张衡,樊伟.2009年秋冬季东南太平洋智利竹生鱼的渔业生物学特征[J].海洋渔业,2010,32(3):340-344.ZHANG H,FAN W.Biological characters of Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphpyi)in the Southeast Pacific Ocean[J].Marine Fisheries,2010,32(3):340-344.
[5]张敏,邹晓荣,季星辉,等.东南太平洋公海水域智利竹鱼探捕及其商业开发前景探讨[J].水产学报,2005,29(3):386-391.ZHANG M,ZOU X R,JI X H,et al.Discussion on exploratory fishing of Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)in the open sea of the southeast Pacific and prospect of its commercial exploitation[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2005,29(3):386-391.
[6]方宇,邹晓荣,张敏,等.东南太平洋智利竹鱼栖息地指数的比较研究[J].海洋渔业,2010,32(2):178-185.FANG Y,ZOU X R,ZHANG M,et al.A comparative study on habitat suitability index of Chilean Jack Mackerel in Southeast Pacific Ocean[J].Marine Fisheries,2010,32(2):178-185.
[7]许永久,张敏.东南太平洋智利竹鱼渔场浮游生物数量分布及与渔场关系[J].海洋渔业,2007,29(4):289-295.XU Y J,ZHANG M.Distribution of Plankton on Trachurus murphyi fishing grounds of the Southeast Pacific and its relationship with fishing grounds[J].Marine Fisheries,2007,29(4):289-295.
[8]阮行建,邹晓荣,张敏,等.东南太平洋智利竹鱼生物学特征与个体繁殖力研究[J].海洋通报,2017,36(3):333-339.RUAN X J,ZOU X R,ZHANG M,et al.Study on biological characteristics and individual fertility of Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)in the Southeast Pacific Ocean[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2017,36(3):333-339.
[9]邹晓荣,张敏,张祖良.东南太平洋南部公海智利竹鱼生产初探[J].海洋渔业,2001,23(2):64-68.ZHOU X R,ZHANG M,ZHANG Z L.A preliminary approach on fishing operation of Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)in the Southern part of the Southeast Pacific Ocean[J].Marine Fisheries,2001,23(2):64-68.
[10]张敏,许永久,王成辉,等.智利竹鱼3群体遗传关系初步研究[J].上海海洋大学学报,2009,18(2):212-217.ZHANG M,XU Y J,WANG C H,et al.Study on genetic relationship of three populations of Chilean jack mackerel,(Trachurus murphyi)from the Southern Pacific[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2009,18(2):212-217.
[11]CRDENAS L,SILVA A X,MAGOULAS A,et al.Genetic population structure in the Chilean jack mackerel,Trachurus murphyi(Nichols)across the South-Eastern Pacific Ocean[J].Fisheries Research,2009,99(2):109-115.
[12]李显森,戴芳群,赵俊,等.智利外海渔场竹鱼资源分布特征[J].海洋水产研究,2004,25(1):20-27.LI X S,DAI F J,ZHAO J,et al.Resource distribution characteristics of Chilean jack mackerel in the fishing ground off Chile[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2004,25(1):20-27.
[13]ZHANG H,ZHANG S M,CUI X S,et al.Spatio-temporal dynamics in the location of the fishing grounds and catch per unit effort(CPUE)for Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi,Nichols,1920)from Chinese trawl fleets on the high seas of the Southeast Pacific Ocean,2001-2010[J].Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2015,31(4):646-656.
[14]牛明香,李显森,戴芳群,等.智利外海西部渔场智利竹鱼资源与海表温度分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2010,29(3):373-377.NIU M X,LI X S,DAI F Q,et al.Characteristics of Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)resource and surface temperature in west fishing ground offshore waters of Chile[J].Marine Environmental Science,2010,29(3):373-377.
[15]牛明香,李显森,徐玉成.智利外海竹鱼中心渔场时空变动的初步研究[J].海洋科学,2009,33(11):105-109.NIU M X,LI X S,XU Y C.Preliminary study on spatiotemporal change of central fishing ground of Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)in the offshore waters of Chile[J].Marine Sciences,2009,33(11):105-109.
[16]邹莉瑾,张敏,邹晓荣,等.东南太平洋公海智利竹荚鱼年龄与生长研究[J].上海海洋大学学报,2010,19(1):61-67.ZOU L J,ZHANG M,ZOU X R,et al.Age and growth of Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)in the high sea waters of Southeast Pacific[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2010,19(1):61-67.
[17]杨嘉樑,黄洪亮,刘健,等.智利竹鱼渔场海表温度及叶绿素浓度分布特征[J].中国农业科技导报,2017,19(10):113-120.YANG J L,HUANG H L,LIU J,et al.Characteristics of Chilean jack mackerel fishing ground distribution and sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2017,19(10):113-120.
[18]RODHOUSE P G.Managing and forecasting squid fisheries in variable environments[J].Fisheries Research,2001,54(1):3-8.
[19]YAMAGATA T,SHIBAO Y,UMATANIT S I.Interannual variability of the Kuroshio Extension and its relation to the Southern Oscillation/El Ni1o[J].Journal of the Oceanographical Society of Japan,1985,41(4):274-281.
[20]巢纪平.ENSO---热带海洋和大气中和谐的海气相互作用现象[J].海洋科学进展,2002,20(3):1-8.CHAO J P.ENSO:The harmonic ocean-atmosphere interaction in tropics[J].Advances in Marine Science,2002,20(3):1-8.
[21]TURK D,MCPHADEN M J,BUSALACCHI A J,et al.Remotely sensed biological production in the equatorial Pacific[J].Science,2001,293(5529):471-474.
[22]陈洋洋,陈新军.厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜现象对中西太平洋鲣资源丰度的影响[J].上海海洋大学学报,2017,26(1):113-120.CHEN Y Y,CHEN X J.Influence of El Nino/La Nina on the abundance index of skipjack in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2017,26(1):113-120.
[23]余为,陈新军,易倩.不同气候模态下西北太平洋柔鱼渔场环境特征分析[J].水产学报,2017,41(4):525-534.YU WEI,CHEN X J,YI Q.Analysis of variations in the environmental conditions on the fishing ground of neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii)in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean under different climate modes[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2017,41(4):525-534.
[24]侯建华,代滇,龚美玲,等.厄尔尼诺与南方涛动事件对皖西地区降水的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(5):150-155.HOU J H,DAI D,GONG M L,et al.The impact of Ep Ninosouthern oscillation events on the precipitation in West Anhui[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(5):150-155.
[25]钟姗姗,何金海,刘宣飞,等.ENSO十年际尺度变率的机制初探[J].热带海洋学报,2004,23(2):28-36.ZHONG S S,HE J H,LIU X F,et al.Possible mechanisms of ENSO’S decadal variability[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2004,23(2):28-36.
[26]王从军,邹莉瑾,李纲,等.1999-2011年东、黄海鲐资源丰度年间变化分析[J].水产学报,2014,38(1):56-64.WANG C J,ZHOU L J,LI G,et al.Analysis of the interannual variation of chub mackerel abundance in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea during 1999-2011[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(1):56-64.
[27]周甦芳.厄尔尼诺-南方涛动现象对中西太平洋鲣鱼围网渔场的影响[J].中国水产科学,2005,12(6):739-744.ZHOU S F.Impacts of the El Ni1o southern oscillation on skipjack tuna purse-seine fishing grounds in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2005,12(6):739-744.
[28]陈新军.灰色系统理论在渔业科学中的应用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:28-31.CHEN X J.The application of grey system theory in fisheries science[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2003:28-31.
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