冀西北设施菜田土壤肥力状况分析及评价
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摘要
为探明冀西北设施菜田土壤肥力状况,提供土壤养分合理、科学管理的理论依据,对不同种植年限的设施菜田进行土壤取样分析。结果表明,冀西北设施菜田土壤pH平均为8.06,随着种植年限的增加土壤pH呈下降趋势;土壤电导率平均为652.9μS/cm,随着种植年限的增加菜田土壤的电导率逐渐增加,盐分在土壤中的累积量逐渐增大。冀西北设施菜田土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾平均含量分别为38.9 g/kg、104.8 mg/kg、162.4 mg/kg和284.7 mg/kg,随着种植年限的增加均呈明显积累趋势。建议施肥应根据土壤养分状况和蔬菜需肥特性,最大限度地活化和利用土壤积累态养分;进行测土配方施肥,降低设施菜田土壤酸化和盐渍化程度,提高测土配方施肥技术的生态环境效益。
In order to find out soil fertility status of greenhouse vegetable field in Northwest Hebei province and provide theoretical basis for scientific management of soil nutrients, soil sampling and analysis were carried out for greenhouse vegetable field with different planting years. The results showed that soil pH value was 8.06, and soil p H value decreased with the increase of planting years, the average soil conductivity was 652.9 μS/cm, with the increase of planting years, soil conductivity of vegetable field increased gradually, and the accumulation of salt in soil increased gradually. Soil organic matter, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in greenhouse vegetable field was 38.9 g/kg,104.8 mg/kg,162.4 mg/kg and 284.7 mg/kg, respectively, which showed significant accumulation trend with the increase of planting years. It is suggested that fertilization should activate and utilize soil accumulative nutrients according to soil nutrient status and characteristics of vegetable nutrient requirement, and soil testing and formula fertilization should be carried out to reduce soil acidification and salinization in greenhouse vegetable field, and gained ecological and environmental benefits.
In order to find out soil fertility status of greenhouse vegetable field in Northwest Hebei province and provide theoretical basis for scientific management of soil nutrients, soil sampling and analysis were carried out for greenhouse vegetable field with different planting years. The results showed that soil pH value was 8.06, and soil p H value decreased with the increase of planting years, the average soil conductivity was 652.9 μS/cm, with the increase of planting years, soil conductivity of vegetable field increased gradually, and the accumulation of salt in soil increased gradually. Soil organic matter, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in greenhouse vegetable field was 38.9 g/kg,104.8 mg/kg,162.4 mg/kg and 284.7 mg/kg, respectively, which showed significant accumulation trend with the increase of planting years. It is suggested that fertilization should activate and utilize soil accumulative nutrients according to soil nutrient status and characteristics of vegetable nutrient requirement, and soil testing and formula fertilization should be carried out to reduce soil acidification and salinization in greenhouse vegetable field, and gained ecological and environmental benefits.
引文
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[3]黄绍文,高伟,唐继伟,等.我国主要菜区耕层土壤盐分总量及离子组成[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(4):965-977.
[4]张彦才,李巧云,翟彩霞,等.河北省大棚蔬菜施肥状况分析与评价[J].河北农业科学,2005,9(3):61-67.
[5]杨红,徐唱唱,曹丽花,等.米林县不同种植年限蔬菜大棚土壤pH和无机氮变化特征研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(12):2397-2404.
[6]胡敏,向永生,鲁剑巍.石灰用量对酸性土壤pH值及有效养分含量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017(4):72-77.
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[8]宁德富,孔丽琼,汤娜,等.不同种植年限蔬菜地土壤养分变化规律研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2016,34(1):67-72.
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