一种耐变压器油声传感器设计
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摘要
基于内部噪声信号的油浸式变压器故障诊断和状态监测具有极大的应用潜力。然而除了光纤水听器,目前用于变压器油中噪声信号测量的声传感器较为少见。提出了一种耐变压器油声传感器设计方案。首先介绍了耐变压器油声传感器的结构设计,随后通过相容性实验测试了4种材料浸泡变压器油后的体积、质量、密度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率,以及变压器油的表面张力、酸值、介质损耗、击穿电压,根据测试结果挑选了聚氨酯作为声传感器的封装材料。最后制作了声传感器,并将其浸泡在100℃变压器油中164h,测量了浸泡前后的灵敏度。测试结果表明,该声传感器经过高温变压器油浸泡后灵敏度变化非常小,从而验证了该声传感器的耐油和耐热性能。
Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology based on internal noise of oil-immersed power transformer has great application potentiality. However, the sensor used to measure the noise in the transformer oil is rare except optical fiber hydrophone. A transformer oil resistant sensor design method is proved. The structure of transformer oil resistant acoustic sensor is introduced firstly,and then four encapsulation materials are tested according to compatibility tests, parameters like volume, mass, density, tensile strength, elongation at break of encapsulation material, surface tension, acid value, dielectric loss and breakdown voltage of transformer oil are measured. Polyurethane is selected as the acoustic sensor' s encapsulation material based on the test results. Finally, the sensor is made, and its sensitivity is measured before and after aged in 100℃ transformer oil for 164 hours. Test results show that the acoustic sensor's sensitivity changes very little after immerged in high temperature transformer oil, which confirms that the acoustic sensor has good performance on transformer oil resistance and heat resistance.
Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology based on internal noise of oil-immersed power transformer has great application potentiality. However, the sensor used to measure the noise in the transformer oil is rare except optical fiber hydrophone. A transformer oil resistant sensor design method is proved. The structure of transformer oil resistant acoustic sensor is introduced firstly,and then four encapsulation materials are tested according to compatibility tests, parameters like volume, mass, density, tensile strength, elongation at break of encapsulation material, surface tension, acid value, dielectric loss and breakdown voltage of transformer oil are measured. Polyurethane is selected as the acoustic sensor' s encapsulation material based on the test results. Finally, the sensor is made, and its sensitivity is measured before and after aged in 100℃ transformer oil for 164 hours. Test results show that the acoustic sensor's sensitivity changes very little after immerged in high temperature transformer oil, which confirms that the acoustic sensor has good performance on transformer oil resistance and heat resistance.
引文
[1]王昌长,李福祺,高胜友.电力设备的在线监测与故障诊断[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[2]黄新波.变电设备在线监测与故障诊断[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2013.
[3]谢荣斌,薛静,张霖,等.基于油色谱分析的变压器故障诊断与应用[J].广东电力,2017,30(8):117-121.XIE Rongbin, XUE Jing, ZHANG Lin, et al. Transformer fault diagnosis and application based on oil chromatography analysis[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2017, 30(8):117-121.
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[6]江保锋,窦建中,熊玮.变压器结构性故障群决策诊断[J].湖北电力,2017,41(6):1-6.JIANG Baofeng, DOU Jianzhong, XIONG Wei. Diagnosis of transformer structural faults based on GMADM[J].Hubei Electric Power, 2017,41(6):1-6.
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[8] KENDIG R P, WRIGHT S E. Validation of acoustic intensity measurements for power transformers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1991,6(4):1524-1530.
[9]汲胜昌,刘味果,李彦明,等.振动法用于在线监测电力变压器绕组及铁心状况的可行性研究[J].高压电器,2001,37(5):4-7.JI Shengchang, LIU Weiguo, LI Yanming, et al.Feasibility of vibration analysis method in application to on-line monitoring of the core and the winding of power transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2001,37(5):4-7.
[10]张琳,马宏忠,王涛云,等.基于振动-SVM的变压器绕组缺陷诊断方法[J].陕西电力,2016,44(11):14-18.ZHANG Lin, MA Hongzhong, WANG Taoyun, et al.Defect diagnosis for transformer winding based on vibration-SVM[J].Shaanxi Electric Power, 2016, 44(11):14-18.
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[12]郭俊,汲胜昌,沈琪,等.肓源分离技术在振动法检测变压器故障中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(10):68-78.GUO Jun, JI Shengchang, SHEN Qi,et al. Blind source separation technology for the detection of transformer fault based on vibration method[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2012, 27(10):68-78.
[13] KEMP I J. Partial discharge plant-monitoring technology:present and future developments[C]. Canterbury:IEE Proceedings-Science, Measurement and Technology,1995,142(1):4-10.
[14]李志力.变压器局部放电超声波检测中内外置传感器检测方式的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2005.
[15]高侃,吴昺炎,张桂林,等.一种用于变压器内部噪声测量的光纤水听器[J].中国激光.2016, 43(12):249-253.GAO Kan, WU Bingyan, ZHANG Guilin, et al. A type of optical fiber hydrophone used to detect noise in transformer[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2016,43(12):249-253.
[16]马裕超,莫娟,徐铼,等,220kV油浸式变压器振动与噪声试验研究[J],变压器,2017,54(7):49-55.MA Yuchao, MO Juan, XU Lai, et al. Research on vibration and noise tests of 220 kV oil-immersed transformer[J].Transformer, 2017,54(7):49-55.
[17] ASTM D3455-11, Standard test methods for compatibility of construction material with electrical insulation oil of petroleum origin[S]. 2011.
[18]魏兵,杜宏亮,王丽坤.圆柱形压电陶瓷水听器[J].仪器仪表学报,2007,28(8):5-8.WEI Bing, DU Hongliang, WANG Likun. Columniform hydrophone with piezoelectric ceramic[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2007,28(8):5-8.
[2]黄新波.变电设备在线监测与故障诊断[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2013.
[3]谢荣斌,薛静,张霖,等.基于油色谱分析的变压器故障诊断与应用[J].广东电力,2017,30(8):117-121.XIE Rongbin, XUE Jing, ZHANG Lin, et al. Transformer fault diagnosis and application based on oil chromatography analysis[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2017, 30(8):117-121.
[4]吕守国,崔玉新,冯迎春,等.基于综合分析方法的变压器故障诊断技术与软件开发[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017, 45(10):123-128.LYU Shouguo, CUI Yuxin, FENG Yingchun, et al.Transformer fault diagnosis method based on comprehensive analysis and its software development[J].Power System Protection and Control, 2017, 45(10):123-128.
[5]杨小铭,王煜,饶丹,等.变压器状态监测组件功能整合研究和性能提升设计[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017, 45(16):130-135.YANG Xiaoming, WANG Yu, RAO Dan, et al. Design and application of IED in integrated monitoring intelligent component of transformer[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2017, 45(16):130-135.
[6]江保锋,窦建中,熊玮.变压器结构性故障群决策诊断[J].湖北电力,2017,41(6):1-6.JIANG Baofeng, DOU Jianzhong, XIONG Wei. Diagnosis of transformer structural faults based on GMADM[J].Hubei Electric Power, 2017,41(6):1-6.
[7] BASSIM M N, DUDAR M, RIFAAT R, et al. Application of acoustic emission for non-destructive evaluation of utility inductive reactors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1993,8(1):281-284.
[8] KENDIG R P, WRIGHT S E. Validation of acoustic intensity measurements for power transformers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1991,6(4):1524-1530.
[9]汲胜昌,刘味果,李彦明,等.振动法用于在线监测电力变压器绕组及铁心状况的可行性研究[J].高压电器,2001,37(5):4-7.JI Shengchang, LIU Weiguo, LI Yanming, et al.Feasibility of vibration analysis method in application to on-line monitoring of the core and the winding of power transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2001,37(5):4-7.
[10]张琳,马宏忠,王涛云,等.基于振动-SVM的变压器绕组缺陷诊断方法[J].陕西电力,2016,44(11):14-18.ZHANG Lin, MA Hongzhong, WANG Taoyun, et al.Defect diagnosis for transformer winding based on vibration-SVM[J].Shaanxi Electric Power, 2016, 44(11):14-18.
[11]汲胜昌,王世山,李清泉,等.用振动信号分析法监测变压器绕组状况[J].高电压技术,2002, 28(4):12-13.JI Shengchang, Wang Shishan, LI Qingquan, et al. The application of vibration method in monitoring the condition of transformer winding[J].High Voltage Engineering, 2002,28(4):12-13.
[12]郭俊,汲胜昌,沈琪,等.肓源分离技术在振动法检测变压器故障中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(10):68-78.GUO Jun, JI Shengchang, SHEN Qi,et al. Blind source separation technology for the detection of transformer fault based on vibration method[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2012, 27(10):68-78.
[13] KEMP I J. Partial discharge plant-monitoring technology:present and future developments[C]. Canterbury:IEE Proceedings-Science, Measurement and Technology,1995,142(1):4-10.
[14]李志力.变压器局部放电超声波检测中内外置传感器检测方式的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2005.
[15]高侃,吴昺炎,张桂林,等.一种用于变压器内部噪声测量的光纤水听器[J].中国激光.2016, 43(12):249-253.GAO Kan, WU Bingyan, ZHANG Guilin, et al. A type of optical fiber hydrophone used to detect noise in transformer[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2016,43(12):249-253.
[16]马裕超,莫娟,徐铼,等,220kV油浸式变压器振动与噪声试验研究[J],变压器,2017,54(7):49-55.MA Yuchao, MO Juan, XU Lai, et al. Research on vibration and noise tests of 220 kV oil-immersed transformer[J].Transformer, 2017,54(7):49-55.
[17] ASTM D3455-11, Standard test methods for compatibility of construction material with electrical insulation oil of petroleum origin[S]. 2011.
[18]魏兵,杜宏亮,王丽坤.圆柱形压电陶瓷水听器[J].仪器仪表学报,2007,28(8):5-8.WEI Bing, DU Hongliang, WANG Likun. Columniform hydrophone with piezoelectric ceramic[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2007,28(8):5-8.