基于不同底物的微氧沼气发酵原位脱硫及其影响研究
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摘要
以小麦或水稻秸秆为原料,在30 L发酵罐中55℃下微氧发酵,探究了不同底物发酵的沼气产气规律、CH_4产量、沼气组分、H_2S脱除效果以及挥发性脂肪酸(volatile fatty acids,VFAs)浓度的影响。结果表明,小麦或水稻秸秆具有极相似的产气规律,微量O_2能够分别提升CH_4产量10.5%和8.5%,但不改变沼气总产量及产气规律;通氧量为理论需氧量2倍时,小麦和水稻秸秆发酵稳定期的沼气产量分别达到106.9、132.9 L/L,CH_4体积分数分别达到(63.9±3.1)%、(66.1±3.6)%;水稻秸秆沼气H_2S的脱除效率达到98%,略高于小麦秸秆;而小麦秸秆发酵液中VFAs浓度及降解速率均远低于水稻秸秆。2倍通氧量较为适宜,此时甲烷体积分数达到最高,H_2S脱除率较高。研究结果对秸秆的资源化和沼气的脱硫与利用具有指导意义。
With wheat and rice straws as substrates,anaerobic fermentation with micro-oxygen introduction was carried out in a 30 L fermentor at 55℃.Effects of different substrates on biogas production,CH_4produced,other main components in biogas,H_2S removal effect,and concentrations of volatile fatty acids(VFAs)were investigated.The results showed that wheat and rice straws shared extremely similar gas production rules.Trace oxygen could increase the yield of CH_4by 10.5%and 8.5%by wheat and rice straws,respectively,but did not change the amount and regulation of biogas.When oxygen added was twice as much as the theoretical demand,the yields of biogas produced from wheat and rice straws reached 106.9 L/L and 132.9 L/L,respectively,in which CH_4reached(63.9±3.1)%and(66.1±3.6)%,respectively.Furthermore,the removal efficiency of H_2S using rice straw reached98%,which was slightly higher than that of wheat straw.However,the concentration and degradation rate of VFAs using wheat straw were much lower than that of rice straw.In conclusion,adding twice as much as the theoretical demand of O_2was suitable,as the CH_4produced the highest amount and the H_2S removal efficiency was relatively high.These results have guiding significance for straw recycling and biogas desulfurization and utilization.
With wheat and rice straws as substrates,anaerobic fermentation with micro-oxygen introduction was carried out in a 30 L fermentor at 55℃.Effects of different substrates on biogas production,CH_4produced,other main components in biogas,H_2S removal effect,and concentrations of volatile fatty acids(VFAs)were investigated.The results showed that wheat and rice straws shared extremely similar gas production rules.Trace oxygen could increase the yield of CH_4by 10.5%and 8.5%by wheat and rice straws,respectively,but did not change the amount and regulation of biogas.When oxygen added was twice as much as the theoretical demand,the yields of biogas produced from wheat and rice straws reached 106.9 L/L and 132.9 L/L,respectively,in which CH_4reached(63.9±3.1)%and(66.1±3.6)%,respectively.Furthermore,the removal efficiency of H_2S using rice straw reached98%,which was slightly higher than that of wheat straw.However,the concentration and degradation rate of VFAs using wheat straw were much lower than that of rice straw.In conclusion,adding twice as much as the theoretical demand of O_2was suitable,as the CH_4produced the highest amount and the H_2S removal efficiency was relatively high.These results have guiding significance for straw recycling and biogas desulfurization and utilization.
引文
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[24]KRüGER K I,RUPF M,LEIFHEIT M,et al. Biological desulfurization of biogas,comprises directly performing desulfurization in biogas fermenter during anaerobic fermentation of biomass,and forming artificial functional layer at interface between liquid phase and gas phase:Germany,DE102011081522[P]. 2013-02-28.
[25]CLESCERL L S. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater[M]. 20th Ed. Washington DC:Amer Public Health Assn,1998.
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[27]POKORNAKRAYZELOVA L,BARTACEK J,THEURI S N,et al. Microaeration through biomembrane for biogas desulfurization:lab-scale and pilot-scale experiences[J].Environmental Science Water Research&Technology,2018,4(8):1 190-1 200.
[2]国家发展改革委.可再生能源发展“十三五”规划[J].太阳能,2017(1):78.
[3]张伟,李文,赵继东,等.小麦秸秆同步糖化发酵制取燃料乙醇[J].食品与发酵工业,2012,38(12):50-54.
[4]石笑羽,王宁,陈钦冬,等.生物炭加速餐厨垃圾厌氧消化的机理[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(11):3 204-3 212.
[5]艾平,张济韬,席江,等.纤维素乙醇糟液对稻秸猪粪厌氧发酵的促进机制[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(12):6 404-6 414.
[6]赵伟,黄小美,谭顺民.沼气混入天然气管网使用的可行性探讨[J].煤气与热力,2012,32(12):8-11.
[7]林春绵,章祎玛,叶媛媛,等.沼气的微氧法原位脱硫试验[J].浙江工业大学学报,2017,45(1):37-42.
[8]龚甍.天然气的脱硫净化研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2017:1-9.
[9]罗新爱.天然气脱硫装置中硫化氢对设备的腐蚀问题浅析[J].四川化工,2014,17(3):26-29.
[10]GB 17820—2012,天然气[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[11]GB 18047—2000,车用压缩天然气[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000:414-451.
[12]陈沛全,曾彩明,李娴,等.沼气净化脱硫工艺的研究进展[J].环境科学与管理,2010,35(4):125-129.
[13]LI X,LI W,WANG L,et al. Investigation on the selection of flue gas dry and wet desulfurization processes[J]. Coal Chemical Industry,2018,46(3):17-21.
[14]董长青,陆强,田伟强,等.一种石灰石石膏湿法烟气脱硫添加剂:中国,CN104941429 B[P],2017.
[15]MESCIA D,HERNNDEZ S P,CONOCI A,et al. MSW landfill biogas desulfurization[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2011,36(13):7 884-7 890.
[16]MAKARUK A,MILTNER M,HARASEK M. Biogas desulfurization and biogas upgrading using a hybrid membrane system-modeling study[J]. Water Science&Technology,2013,67(2):326-32.
[17]WEI Z S,NING X N. Development and application of the bio-desulfurization technology[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2012,518:178-182.
[18]甄峰,李东,孙永明,等.沼气高值化利用与净化提纯技术[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(11):103-108.
[19]韩文彪,王毅琪,徐霞,等.沼气提纯净化与高值利用技术研究进展[J].中国沼气,2017,35(5):57-61.
[20]尹雅芳,张伟.沼气生物脱硫工艺设计及运行条件分析[J].环境科技,2017,30(2):12-16.
[21]吴檬檬.微氧法原位脱除沼气中硫化氢的实验研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2014:31-37.
[22]WU M,ZHANG Y,YE Y,et al. In situ removal of hydrogen sulfide during biogas fermentation at microaerobic condition[J]. Appl Biochem Biotechnol,2016,180(5):1-9.
[23]DíAZ I,LOPES A C,PéREZ S I,et al. Determination of the optimal rate for the microaerobic treatment of several H2S concentrations in biogas from sludge digesters[J].Water Science&Technology,2011,64(1):233.
[24]KRüGER K I,RUPF M,LEIFHEIT M,et al. Biological desulfurization of biogas,comprises directly performing desulfurization in biogas fermenter during anaerobic fermentation of biomass,and forming artificial functional layer at interface between liquid phase and gas phase:Germany,DE102011081522[P]. 2013-02-28.
[25]CLESCERL L S. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater[M]. 20th Ed. Washington DC:Amer Public Health Assn,1998.
[26]RODRíGUEZ E,LOPES A,FDZ-POLANCO M,et al. Molecular analysis of the biomass of a fluidized bed reactor treating synthetic vinasse at anaerobic and micro-aerobic conditions[J]. Applied Microbiology&Biotechnology,2012,93(5):2 181-2 191.
[27]POKORNAKRAYZELOVA L,BARTACEK J,THEURI S N,et al. Microaeration through biomembrane for biogas desulfurization:lab-scale and pilot-scale experiences[J].Environmental Science Water Research&Technology,2018,4(8):1 190-1 200.