贵州省初中生伤害相关行为流行状况
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摘要
目的了解贵州省初中生伤害相关行为流行特征,为预防措施和政策的制定提供科学依据。方法本研究于2016年9月采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,抽取6所初中2 380名学生作为调查对象,采用问卷方式调查。结果伤害相关行为发生率排前3项的依次是学习压力(80.0%,1 903人)、孤独(69.5%,1 655人)和受欺侮(61.6%,1 467人),地区分布中非故意伤害行为中除到非安全场所滑冰外,其余非故意伤害行为的发生率差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05),故意伤害行为中受欺侮、打架、出走意念和出走行为均为经济水平好的城市初中生发生率最高(χ2=98.740、49.079、8.312、14.924,均P <0.05);学习压力、失眠、自我伤害、自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀未遂、出走意念和出走等相关行为发生率均为初三学生高于初一和初二年级学生(均P <0.05),男女生之间除自我伤害和出走行为2种行为外,其余伤害相关行为的发生率差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。结论贵州省初中生是伤害相关行为高发人群,学校、家庭和社会应根据地区、年级和性别开展针对性的干预措施,以预防和减少初中生伤害相关行为的发生。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of injury-related behaviors among junior high school students in Guizhou province and to provide evidences for developing relative prevention strategies. Methods We conducted a selfadministered questionnaire survey among 2 380 junior students selected with stratified multistage cluster sampling from 6 high schools in 3 prefectures of Guizhou province during September 2016. Results The top three frequently reported injuryrelated behaviors were learning stress(reported by 80.0% [1 903] of the students), loneliness(69.5% [1 655], and being bullied(61.6% [1 467]). There were significant regional differences in the occurrence of all forms of unintentional injuryrelated behaviors(P < 0.05 for all), except for skating in an unsafe place. Compared to those in other cities, the students in cities with a better economic development reported higher occurrence of being bullied(χ2 = 98.740), fighting(χ2 = 49.079),idea of leaving away from home(χ2 = 8.312), and behavior of leaving away from home(χ2 = 14.924)(all P < 0.05).Significant higher occurrence of stress, insomnia, self-harm, suicidal ideation, suicide plan, attempted suicide, idea of leaving away from home, and behavior of leaving away from home were reported among the third-year students than among the firstyear and second-year students(P < 0.05 for all). There were significant differences in the occurrence of all forms of injuryrelated behaviors between male and female students(P < 0.05 for all), except for the occurrence of self-harm and leaving away from home. Conclusion Junior high school students in Guizhou province are at high risk of injury-related behaviors.Targeted interventions should be promoted in schools, families and communities to prevent and reduce injury-related behaviors in the population.
Objective To analyze the prevalence of injury-related behaviors among junior high school students in Guizhou province and to provide evidences for developing relative prevention strategies. Methods We conducted a selfadministered questionnaire survey among 2 380 junior students selected with stratified multistage cluster sampling from 6 high schools in 3 prefectures of Guizhou province during September 2016. Results The top three frequently reported injuryrelated behaviors were learning stress(reported by 80.0% [1 903] of the students), loneliness(69.5% [1 655], and being bullied(61.6% [1 467]). There were significant regional differences in the occurrence of all forms of unintentional injuryrelated behaviors(P < 0.05 for all), except for skating in an unsafe place. Compared to those in other cities, the students in cities with a better economic development reported higher occurrence of being bullied(χ2 = 98.740), fighting(χ2 = 49.079),idea of leaving away from home(χ2 = 8.312), and behavior of leaving away from home(χ2 = 14.924)(all P < 0.05).Significant higher occurrence of stress, insomnia, self-harm, suicidal ideation, suicide plan, attempted suicide, idea of leaving away from home, and behavior of leaving away from home were reported among the third-year students than among the firstyear and second-year students(P < 0.05 for all). There were significant differences in the occurrence of all forms of injuryrelated behaviors between male and female students(P < 0.05 for all), except for the occurrence of self-harm and leaving away from home. Conclusion Junior high school students in Guizhou province are at high risk of injury-related behaviors.Targeted interventions should be promoted in schools, families and communities to prevent and reduce injury-related behaviors in the population.
引文
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[11]杨剑,李洋,张思恒,等.广州市海珠区某中学伤害发生情况及其影响因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2013,17(7):588-591.
[12]游凯,马迎华,李玉堂,等.2010年北京市中学生伤害相关危险行为调查[J].职业与健康,2012,28(3):262-264.
[13]陈天娇,季成叶.北京市中学生伤害相关危险行为流行现状分析[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(3):328-329.
[14]吉园依,徐寰宇,张宇,等.四川省农村留守儿童健康危险行为潜类别分析[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(9):1297-1301.
[15]闫京晶.宿迁市青少年人群故意伤害行为现况调查[J].江苏预防医学,2017,28(2):214-217.
[2]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC).Vital signs:unintentional injury deaths among persons aged 0-19 yearsUnited States,2000-2009[J].Mmwr Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,2012,61(15):270-276.
[3]MacKay M,Vincenten J,Brussoni M,et al.Child safety good practice guide:good investments in unintentional child injury prevention and safety promotion-Canadian edition[J].Safe Kids Canada,2011,119(11):202-205.
[4]季成叶.中国青少年健康相关/危险行为调查综合报告(2005年)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:38-43,83,114.
[5]姚应水,叶冬青,王金权,等.皖南地区部分中学生伤害的分布特征及影响因素[J].中国学校卫生,2002,23(3):210-211.
[6]郭丽,张栓虎,邵红毅,等.安阳市2013年青少年伤害相关危险行为状况[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(7):1109-1111.
[7]陈飞,黄静,张连生.基于两水平logistic回归模型大学生自我伤害行为相关因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(4):387-390.
[8]黄艳丽,崔永强,刘玉红,等.北京市昌平区10所学校中学生伤害相关行为流行状况[J].职业与健康,2013,29(4):391-393.
[9]孙莉,颜玲,张成云,等.四川省城市中学生伤害相关行为现况及影响因素[J].中国学校卫生,2008,29(12):1086-1088.
[10]刘伟,刘伟佳,林汉生,等.广州市中学生骑自行车及危险行为现况分析[J].中国公共卫生,2012,28(2):174-176.
[11]杨剑,李洋,张思恒,等.广州市海珠区某中学伤害发生情况及其影响因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2013,17(7):588-591.
[12]游凯,马迎华,李玉堂,等.2010年北京市中学生伤害相关危险行为调查[J].职业与健康,2012,28(3):262-264.
[13]陈天娇,季成叶.北京市中学生伤害相关危险行为流行现状分析[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(3):328-329.
[14]吉园依,徐寰宇,张宇,等.四川省农村留守儿童健康危险行为潜类别分析[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(9):1297-1301.
[15]闫京晶.宿迁市青少年人群故意伤害行为现况调查[J].江苏预防医学,2017,28(2):214-217.