P3HT/MWNTs复合电致变色器件的制备及特性研究
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摘要
通过在导电聚合物电致变色材料聚3-己基噻吩(P3HT)中添加少量多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs),制备了不同MWNTs含量的P3HT/MWNTs复合膜电致变色器件,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光谱仪、四探针电导率测试仪等分析仪器对制备器件的电致变色膜层的显微结构、膜层电导率随MWNTs添加量的变化情况及电致变色特性进行了分析研究.结果发现:因少量MWNTs的添加,复合变色膜层的电导率可由1.2×10-2 S/cm提高到3.9S/cm,增加了近300倍.这对减少器件变色过程中的外加电压大小,提高器件颜色变化对比度,减小器件电致变色的响应时间,改善器件的使用寿命都是非常有利的.但研究也发现,过多MWNTs的添加,会导致复合电致变色膜层表面粗糙度增加,且过多的MWNTs也增加了变色层对可见光的吸收率,MWNTs添加量质量百分比不应超过膜层的2%.
The electrochromic phenomenon refers to the reversible and visible change in transmittance and reflectance that is associated with an electrochemically induced oxidation-reduction after the application of an appropriate applied voltage.Electrochromic materials have attracted wide attention due to their potential application to the fields of smart window,display devices,automotive rear-view mirrors and so on.Conducting polymers stand for a family of important eletrochromic materials due to their unique advantages of chemistry and physics.Polythiophene and its derivatives are considered to be a significant class of electrochromic materials that have gained popularity because of their easy preparation,high electrical conductivity and great environmental and thermal stability.Based on adding a small amount of MWNTs into the conductive polymer material P3 HT,the different P3HT/MWNTs composite film ECD devices were prepared in this paper.It is found that the electric conductivity of the composite film ECD devices can be increased from 1.2×10-2 to 3.9S/cm by adding a small amount of MWNTs,increased nearly 300 times.The result is very beneficial to reduce the size of applied voltage,improve change color contrast ratio,decrease response time,and increase the service life under the same condition of electrically induced discoloration of ECD.Therefore,our experiment given the optimum addition of MWNTs in the P3HT/MWNTs composite ECD should not exceed composite film quality percentage of 2%.
The electrochromic phenomenon refers to the reversible and visible change in transmittance and reflectance that is associated with an electrochemically induced oxidation-reduction after the application of an appropriate applied voltage.Electrochromic materials have attracted wide attention due to their potential application to the fields of smart window,display devices,automotive rear-view mirrors and so on.Conducting polymers stand for a family of important eletrochromic materials due to their unique advantages of chemistry and physics.Polythiophene and its derivatives are considered to be a significant class of electrochromic materials that have gained popularity because of their easy preparation,high electrical conductivity and great environmental and thermal stability.Based on adding a small amount of MWNTs into the conductive polymer material P3 HT,the different P3HT/MWNTs composite film ECD devices were prepared in this paper.It is found that the electric conductivity of the composite film ECD devices can be increased from 1.2×10-2 to 3.9S/cm by adding a small amount of MWNTs,increased nearly 300 times.The result is very beneficial to reduce the size of applied voltage,improve change color contrast ratio,decrease response time,and increase the service life under the same condition of electrically induced discoloration of ECD.Therefore,our experiment given the optimum addition of MWNTs in the P3HT/MWNTs composite ECD should not exceed composite film quality percentage of 2%.
引文
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[13]李梦轲,许宁宁,杨永超,等.MWNTs/PTH电致变色器件的制备及特性研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,39(2):186-191.
[2]TAVARES P F,GASPAR A R,MARTINS A G,et al.Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates[J].Energy Policy,2014,67(13):68-81.
[3]DANIELA C,GIOVANNI D F,GIUSEPPE C.The electro-optical and electrochromic properties of electrolyte-liquid crystal[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2006,100(24):515-518.
[4]VAIBHAV J,HENRY M Y,REZA M.Modification of single-walled carbon nanotube electrodes by layer-by-layer assembly for electrochromic devices[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2008,103(74):504-508.
[5]GAO S Y,LI Y S,KEVIN C,et al.High contrast and low-driving voltage electrochromic device containing triphenylamine dendritic polymer and zinc hexacyanoferrate[J].Solar Energy Materials&Solar Cells,2014,125(13):261-267.
[6]钱晶,付中玉,李听.导电聚合物基电致变色器件的研究进展[J].化学研究与应用,2008,20(4):1397-1404.
[7]肖红,戴国亮,王昊,等.可控变色织物制备及颜色控制研究[J].高分子学报,2012,13(8):735-741.
[8]牛淑云,来巍.有机发光材料研究进展[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,24(3):287-291.
[9]冯博学,陈冲,何毓阳,等.电致变色材料及器件的研究进展[J].功能材料,2004,35(2):145-150.
[10]ZHAO J H,CHENG X F,FU Y Z,et al.Electrosynthesis and characterization of an electrochromic material from poly(1,6-Bis(2-(3,4-ethylenedioxy)thienyl)pyrene)and its application in electrochromic device[J].International Journal of Electrochemical Science,2013,12(8):1002-1015.
[11]LAMPERT C M,VISCO S J,DOEFF M M,et al.Characteristics of laminated electrochromic devices using polyorganodisulfide e-lectrodes[J].Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells,1994,33(1):91-105.
[12]YILDIRIM A,TARKUC S,AK M,et al.Syntheses of electroactive layers based on functionalized anthracene for electrochromic applications[J].Electrochim Acta,2008,53(14):4875-4882.
[13]李梦轲,许宁宁,杨永超,等.MWNTs/PTH电致变色器件的制备及特性研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,39(2):186-191.