基于回归分析在爆破振动速度预测中的应用与研究
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摘要
为研究露天矿爆破开采地震波的变化规律,以江西德兴露天铜矿爆破开采工程为背景,运用线型萨氏公式、高程改进式与多元二次非线性回归拟合等方法对比研究振动速度矢量和,并结合速度方向性、主频全面研究振速的变化特性。结果表明:在该矿山工况下,发生高程效应但很微小,近200 m距离内垂向速度作用大于径向速度为主要因素;预测速度矢量和时,多元二次非线性回归拟合精确性为19%高于萨式公式和高程改进式;在各向速度拟合中,高程改进式拟合垂向速度精确性较好为25%,其它两向速度中多元二次非线性回归拟合比其他两种方法提高10%。建立完整的振速规律回归模型,有利于工程的技术优化与振动作用的控制。
In order to study the seismic waves regularity in the process of mining blasting,the sardowski formula,elevation improvement formula and multiple quadratic nonlinear regression fitting method were applied to analysis the vibration velocity vector sum. Besides,the characteristic of vibration velocity was also studied by velocity directivity and main frequency. The results showed that the elevation effect appeared,but it's small. When the distance between blasting charge and testing point was within 200 m,the vertical velocity was main factor and bigger than radial velocity. For velocity vector sum,the accuracy of multiple quadratic nonlinear regression fitting was 19%,which was higher than the results calculated by the linear sardowski formula and elevation improvement formula. As to vertical velocity fitting,the elevation improvement formula was the best,and the accuracy was nearly 25%. And the accuracy of the results by multiple quadratic nonlinear regression fitting of other two direction velocity was 10% over the other two methods. A conclusion could be drawn that establishing a complete regression model of blasting vibration velocity was contributed to the engineering technical optimization and blasting vibration control.
In order to study the seismic waves regularity in the process of mining blasting,the sardowski formula,elevation improvement formula and multiple quadratic nonlinear regression fitting method were applied to analysis the vibration velocity vector sum. Besides,the characteristic of vibration velocity was also studied by velocity directivity and main frequency. The results showed that the elevation effect appeared,but it's small. When the distance between blasting charge and testing point was within 200 m,the vertical velocity was main factor and bigger than radial velocity. For velocity vector sum,the accuracy of multiple quadratic nonlinear regression fitting was 19%,which was higher than the results calculated by the linear sardowski formula and elevation improvement formula. As to vertical velocity fitting,the elevation improvement formula was the best,and the accuracy was nearly 25%. And the accuracy of the results by multiple quadratic nonlinear regression fitting of other two direction velocity was 10% over the other two methods. A conclusion could be drawn that establishing a complete regression model of blasting vibration velocity was contributed to the engineering technical optimization and blasting vibration control.
引文
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[14]陈明,卢文波,李鹏,等.岩质边坡爆破振动速度的高程放大效应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(11):2189-2195. CHEN MING,LU Wen-bo,LI PENG,et al. The elevation of rock slope blasting vibration amplification effect[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(11):2189-2195.(in Chinese)
[15]孙金山,李正川,陈明,等.《爆破安全规程》(GB6722—2014)边坡岩体爆破振动速度安全允许值的理论探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(12):2971-2980. SUN Jin-shan,LI Zheng-chuan,CHEN MING,et al. Theoretical discussion on the safety allowable value of blasting vibration velocity of rock blasting in slope rock mass(GB 6722—2014)[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(12):2971-2980.(in Chinese)
[2]张勤彬,程贵海,卢欣奇,等.考虑岩体损伤的爆破振动速度衰减多元非线性模型[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(3):95-101.ZHANG Qin-bin,CHENG Gui-hai,LU Xin-qii,et al.The multi nonlinear model of blasting vibration velocity attenuation considering rock mass damage[J].China Safety Production Science and Technology,2018,14(3):95-101.(in Chinese)
[3]纪伟杰,李进国,郑清达.隧道爆破开挖引起临近建筑物振动效应研究[J].青岛理工大学学报,2018,39(1):42-47.JI Wei-jie,LI Jin-guo,ZHENG Qing-da.Study on vibration effect of nearby buildings caused by blasting excavation of tunnels[J].Journal of Qingdao Technological University,2018,39(1):42-47.(in Chinese)
[4]李新平,汪斌.基于爆破相似律的地下厂房爆破振动速度分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2011,33(2):91-95.LI Xin-ping,WANG Bin.Analysis of blasting vibration velocity of underground powerhouse based on similarity law of blasting[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2011,33(2):91-95.(in Chinese)
[5]吕涛,石永强,黄诚,等.非线性回归法求解爆破振动速度衰减公式参数[J].岩土力学,2007(9):1871-1878.LV Tao,SHI Yong-qiang,HUANG Cheng,et al.Nonlinear regression method for calculating the formula of blastingvibration velocity attenuation[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007(9):1871-1878.(in Chinese)
[6]唐海,石永强,李海波,等.基于神经网络的爆破振动速度峰值预报[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007(S1):3533-3539.TANG HAI,SHI Yong-qiang,LI Hai-bo,et al. Prediction of blasting vibration velocity peak value based on neural network[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007(S1):3533-3539.(in Chinese)
[7]代树红,高鸿,王振伟,等.基于回归分析的露天矿爆破震动速度研究[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(1):82-85. DAI HONG,GAO HONG,WANG Zhen-wei,et al. Study on blasting vibration velocity of open pit mine based on regression analysis[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment,2016,16(1):82-85.(in Chinese)
[8]王玉乐,罗周全,谢承煜,等.深孔爆破对隐患资源开采两帮的动力响应特性研究[J].爆破,2017,34(4):33-39. WANG Yu-le,LUO Zhou-quan,XIE Cheng-yu,et al. The dynamic response characteristics of deep hole blasting to two groups of hidden resources mining[J]. Blasting,2017,34(4):33-39.(in Chinese)
[9]马晨阳,张汉斌,袁青,等..基于人工智能方法的地下洞室群爆破振动速度预测[J].爆破,2017,34(4):12-16.MA Chen-yang,ZHANG Han-bin,YUAN QING,et al.Prediction of blasting vibration velocity of underground caverns based on artificial intelligence method[J]. Blasting,2017,34(4):12-16.(in Chinese)
[10]余敏,林从谋,常方强,等.岩质深基坑爆破振动放大效应测试研究[J].爆破,2017,34(4):27-32,65. YU MIN,LIN Cong-mou,CHANG Fang-qiang,et al. Test Study on amplification effect of blasting vibration in rock deep foundation pit[J]. Blasting,2017,34(4):27-32,65.(in Chinese)
[11]武旭,张云鹏,郭奇峰.台阶地形爆破振动放大与衰减效应研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2017,37(6):1017-1022. WU XU,ZHANG Yun-peng,GUO Qi-feng. Study on amplification and attenuation effects of blasting vibration on bench terrain[J]. Explosion and Shock,2017,37(6):1017-1022.(in Chinese)
[12]吴从师,徐荣文,张庆彬.自由面对爆破振动信号能量分布特征的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2017,37(6):907-914. WU Cong-Shi,XU Rong-wen,ZHANG Qing-bin. Influence of free face on the energy distribution characteristics of blasting vibration signals[J]. Explosion and Shock,2017,37(6):907-914.(in Chinese)
[13]罗晓碧,陶铁军,赵明生.未确知测度模型在爆破振动安全预评价中的应用[J].爆破,2013,30(1):15-19. LUO Xiao-bi,TAO Tie-jun,ZHAO Ming-sheng. Application of unascertained measure model in safety pre evaluation of blasting vibration[J]. Blasting,2013,30(1):15-19.(in Chinese)
[14]陈明,卢文波,李鹏,等.岩质边坡爆破振动速度的高程放大效应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(11):2189-2195. CHEN MING,LU Wen-bo,LI PENG,et al. The elevation of rock slope blasting vibration amplification effect[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(11):2189-2195.(in Chinese)
[15]孙金山,李正川,陈明,等.《爆破安全规程》(GB6722—2014)边坡岩体爆破振动速度安全允许值的理论探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(12):2971-2980. SUN Jin-shan,LI Zheng-chuan,CHEN MING,et al. Theoretical discussion on the safety allowable value of blasting vibration velocity of rock blasting in slope rock mass(GB 6722—2014)[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(12):2971-2980.(in Chinese)