适宜机械粒收玉米品种脱水特性及相关性状研究
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摘要
以5个不同熟期玉米杂交种为试验材料,通过玉米子粒含水率、脱水速率及相关性状测定,比较不同玉米品种脱水等性状。试验结果表明,适合粒收品种华美1号与其他品种相比,具有生育期短、含水率低、生理成熟后脱水速率快和果皮薄等特点,2016年生理成熟和收获时含水率分别为32.25%和20.20%,2017年分别为35.28%和17.47%。相关分析结果表明,子粒脱水速率与果皮厚度呈极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.975;与苞叶脱水速率和含水率呈显著相关,相关系数分别为0.935和-0.950;与其他性状相关性不显著。
The kernel dehydration characteristics after maize physiological maturity were analyzed. Five maize hybrids with different maturities were selected as experimental materials and measured their kernel dehydration rates and corresponding traits such as kernel moisture contents. The results showed that HUAMEI 1 was the best hy-brid suitable for mechanical kernel harvest in this study. It was characterized by shorter growth period, lower kernel moisture content, faster kernel dehydration rate after physiological maturity and thin pericarp. The kernel moisture content at physiological maturity and harvest stages were 32.25% and 20.20% respectively in 2016, and were 35.28% and 17.47% respectively in 2017. Correlation analysis showed that kernel dehydration rate was significantly negative related to pericarp thickness with the correlation coefficient of-0.975, and it was significantly positive cor-related with husk dehydration rate and husk moisture content with the correlation coefficients of 0.935 and-0.950,respectively. Kernel dehydration rate after physiological maturity was not relevant to other traits measured in this study.
The kernel dehydration characteristics after maize physiological maturity were analyzed. Five maize hybrids with different maturities were selected as experimental materials and measured their kernel dehydration rates and corresponding traits such as kernel moisture contents. The results showed that HUAMEI 1 was the best hy-brid suitable for mechanical kernel harvest in this study. It was characterized by shorter growth period, lower kernel moisture content, faster kernel dehydration rate after physiological maturity and thin pericarp. The kernel moisture content at physiological maturity and harvest stages were 32.25% and 20.20% respectively in 2016, and were 35.28% and 17.47% respectively in 2017. Correlation analysis showed that kernel dehydration rate was significantly negative related to pericarp thickness with the correlation coefficient of-0.975, and it was significantly positive cor-related with husk dehydration rate and husk moisture content with the correlation coefficients of 0.935 and-0.950,respectively. Kernel dehydration rate after physiological maturity was not relevant to other traits measured in this study.
引文
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[16]张立国,范骐骥,陈喜昌,等.玉米生理成熟后子粒脱水速率与主要农艺性状的相关分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012(3):1-5.Zhang L G,Fan Q J,Chen X C,et al.Correlation analysis between kernel dry-down rate and main agronomic traits after maize physiological mature[J].Journal of Heilongjiang Agriculture Sciences,2012(3):1-5.(in Chinese)
[2]陈印军,肖碧林,王勇,等.中国谷物发展态势、展望与对策[J].农业经济问题,2008(7):27-32.Chen Y J,Xiao B L,Wang Y,et al.The strategy and prospect of Chinese corn development trend[J].Economic Problems of Agriculture,2008,(7):27-32.(in Chinese)
[3]沈明学,段洪晓,徐东风.解决玉米脱水,提质增产增收[J].内蒙古农业科技,2001,(1):21-21,25.Shen M X,Duan H X,Xu D F.Solve the problem of maize dehydration,improve the quality and output[J].Inner Mongolia Agricultural Science and Technology,2001(1):21-21,25.(in Chinese)
[4]李艳杰,史纪明,鞠成梅,等.玉米子粒水分与品种性状相关性研究初报[J].玉米科学,2000,8(4):37-38.Li Y J,Shi J M,Ju C M,et al.A preliminary study on the correlation between grain production and varieties traits in maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2000,8(4):37-38.(in Chinese)
[5]王殊华,王云生,张永林.试论降低玉米子粒含水量提高我省玉米商品粮质量[J].黑龙江农业科学,1987(1):15-17.Wang S H,Wang Y S,Zhang Y L.Discussing how to reduce the water content of maize grain to improve the quality of corn grain in Heilongjiang province[J].Journal of Heilongjiang Agriculture Sciences,1987(1):15-17.(in Chinese)
[6]刘世林.夏播玉米渭单6000子粒机械收获的尝试与思考[J].中国种业,2014(4):30-32.Liu S L.Testing and thinking of summer corn Weidan 6000 in grain harvest machinery[J].China Seed Industry,2014(4):30-32.(in Chinese)
[7]郭庆辰,康浩冉,王丽娥,等.黄淮区子粒机收玉米标准及育种模式探讨[J].农业科技通讯,2016(1):159-162.Guo Q C,Kang H R,Wang L E,et al.The standard of corn grain mechanical harvest and breeding mode in Huang-Huai Region[J].Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology,2016(1):159-162.(in Chinese)
[8]柳枫贺,王克如,李健,等.影响玉米机械收粒质量因素的分析[J].作物杂志,2013(4):116-119.Liu F H,Wang K R,Li J,et al.Analysis effected factors on quality of harvesting maize grain with combine machine[J].Crops,2013(4):116-119.(in Chinese)
[9]周进宝,杨国航,孙世贤,等.黄淮海夏播玉米区玉米生产现状和发展趋势[J].作物杂志,2008(2):4-7.Zhou J B,Yang G H,Sun S X,et al.Current situation and prospect of maize production in the Huanghuaihai summer maize region[J].Corps,2008(2):4-7.(in Chinese)
[10]王克如.玉米子粒脱水速率影响因素分析[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(11):2027-2035.Wang K R.Analysis of influencing factors on kernel dehydration rate of maize hybrids[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(11):2027-2035.(in Chinese)
[11]李璐璐,谢瑞芝,王克如,等.黄淮海夏玉米生理成熟期子粒含水率研究[J].作物杂志,2017(2):88-92.Li L L,Xie R Z,Wang K R,et al.Kernel moisture content of summer maize at physiological maturity in Huanghuaihai region[J].Crops,2017(2):88-92.(in Chinese)
[12]卢道文,张莹莹,李永江,等.3个熟期6个玉米杂交种及其亲本子粒脱水特性的比较研究[J].农业科技通讯,2017(8):139-142.Lu D W,Zhang Y Y,Li Y J,et al.The comparative study on the kernel dehydration characteristics of 6 corn hybrids and their parent in 3 mature period[J].Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology,2017(8):139-142.(in Chinese)
[13]向葵.玉米子粒脱水速率测定方法优化及遗传研究[D].四川农业大学,2011.
[14]谭福忠,韩翠波,邹双利,等.极早熟玉米品种子粒脱水特性的初步研究[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(7):161-168.Tan F Z,Han C B,Zou S L,et al.Elementary study on kernel dehydration traits in earliest-maturity maize hybrid[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2008,24(7):161-168.(in Chinese)
[15]李淑芳.玉米子粒自然脱水速率研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2014,12(4):825-829.Li S F.Research development of kernel dehydration rate in maize[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,2014,12(4):825-829.(in Chinese)
[16]张立国,范骐骥,陈喜昌,等.玉米生理成熟后子粒脱水速率与主要农艺性状的相关分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012(3):1-5.Zhang L G,Fan Q J,Chen X C,et al.Correlation analysis between kernel dry-down rate and main agronomic traits after maize physiological mature[J].Journal of Heilongjiang Agriculture Sciences,2012(3):1-5.(in Chinese)