快速射电暴的数据统计
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摘要
快速射电暴于2007年首次在脉冲星巡天的历史数据中被发现,是一种在射电波段观测到的具有色散量的单个强脉冲,其特征为持续时间仅为若干毫秒,峰值流量密度可达到央斯基量级。类似于射电脉冲星的单个脉冲,但其色散显著超过同一视线方向上银河系内星际介质的预期最大值。对截止2018年6月帕克斯望远镜、绿岸望远镜、阿雷西博射电望远镜、UTMOST望远镜和ASKAP望远镜已探测到的52例快速射电暴进行了观测量统计分析,根据模型扣除银河系星际介质导致的色散量后,快速射电暴平均色散量为584.5 pc·cm~(-3),暗示着快速射电暴来自河外。通过最佳拟合估算红移幂律分布谱dN/dF_(obs)=4.14±1.30×F■sky~(-1)·day~(-1)。根据分析结果预计,FAST望远镜使用19波束接收机后,其多科学目标同时巡天在经过一年时间内能发现大约10个快速射电暴,将有效地扩大样本数量,为快速射电暴研究提供重要信息。
Fast Radio Bursts(FRBs) were first discovered in pulsar search data in 2007, they are intense radio flashes and characterized by millisecond durations and Jansky-level flux densities. FRBs are single pulses which are similar to pulses from radio pulsars. They have unexpectedly high dispersion measures(DM) than those from the modeled DM up limits from the entire Milky Way Interstellar Medium(ISM) in the same line of sight. They can be a powerful probe for studying the ionized intergalactic medium and the spatial distribution of free electrons. We carried out a statistical analysis on the 52 FRBs discovered by the Parkes, GBT, Arecibo, UTMOST and ASKAP until June 2018. After subtracting the DM values which were from the modeled interstellar medium of our Galaxy, their mean dispersion measure is 584.5 pc·cm~(-3), supporting the conclustion of their cosmological origin. The Power-law distribution can be described as dN/dF_(obs)=4.14 ± 1.30 × F■sky~(-1)·day~(-1). After the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST) deploying the L-band 19-beam array, the Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey(CRAFTS) will be able to detect about 10 FRBs every year.This will effectively expand the sample of FRBs and provide iImportant information on FRB′s research.
Fast Radio Bursts(FRBs) were first discovered in pulsar search data in 2007, they are intense radio flashes and characterized by millisecond durations and Jansky-level flux densities. FRBs are single pulses which are similar to pulses from radio pulsars. They have unexpectedly high dispersion measures(DM) than those from the modeled DM up limits from the entire Milky Way Interstellar Medium(ISM) in the same line of sight. They can be a powerful probe for studying the ionized intergalactic medium and the spatial distribution of free electrons. We carried out a statistical analysis on the 52 FRBs discovered by the Parkes, GBT, Arecibo, UTMOST and ASKAP until June 2018. After subtracting the DM values which were from the modeled interstellar medium of our Galaxy, their mean dispersion measure is 584.5 pc·cm~(-3), supporting the conclustion of their cosmological origin. The Power-law distribution can be described as dN/dF_(obs)=4.14 ± 1.30 × F■sky~(-1)·day~(-1). After the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST) deploying the L-band 19-beam array, the Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey(CRAFTS) will be able to detect about 10 FRBs every year.This will effectively expand the sample of FRBs and provide iImportant information on FRB′s research.
引文
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[23] SPITLER L G, CORDES J M, HESSELS J W T, et al. Fast radio burst discovered in the Arecibo pulsar ALFA survey[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2014, 790(2): 101.
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[25] LAW C J, BOWER G C, BURKE-SPOLAOR S, et al. A millisecond interferometric search for fast radio bursts with the very large array[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2014, 807(1): article id. 16(12pp).
[26] RANE A, LORIMER D R, BATES S D, et al. A search for rotating radio transients and fast radio bursts in the Parkes high-latitude pulsar survey[J]. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2015, 455(2): 2207-2215.
[27] CHAMPION D J, PETROFF E, KRAMER M, et al. Five new fast radio bursts from the HTRU high-latitude survey at Parkes: first evidence for two-component bursts[J]. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 2016, 460(1): L30-L34.
[28] 南仁东, 李会贤. FAST的进展——科学、技术与设备[J]. 中国科学: 物理学力学天文学, 2014, 44(10): 1063-1074.
[29] 刘鹏, 王培, 李菂, 等. FAST 19波束脉冲星漂移扫描巡天模拟[J]. 天文学进展, 2018, 36(2): 173-188.
[2] THORNTON D, STAPPERS B, BAILES M, et al. A population of fast radio bursts at cosmological distances[J]. Science, 2013, 341(6141): 53-56.
[3] BURKESPOLAOR S, BANNISTER K W. The Galactic Position Dependence of Fast Radio Bursts and the Discovery of FRB 011025[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2014, 792(1): article id. 19(7pp).
[4] PETROFF E, BARR E D, JAMESON A, et al. FRBCAT: the Fast Radio Burst Catalogue[J]. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, 2016, 33: article id. e045(7pp).
[5] YAO J M, MANCHESTER R N, WANG N. A new electron-density model for estimation of pulsar and FRB distances[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2017, 835(1): 29.
[6] KATZ J I. Fast radio bursts-a brief review: some questions, fewer answers[J]. Modern Physics Letters A, 2016, 31(14): article id. 1630013.
[7] PETROFF E, HOUBEN L, BANNISTER K, et al. VOEvent standard for fast radio bursts[J/OL]. 2017[2018-11-13]. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.08155.pdf.
[8] WEI J J, GAO H, WU X F, et al. Testing Einstein′s Equivalence Principle with fast radio bursts[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2015, 115(26): article id. 261101.
[9] KEANE E F, JOHNSTON S, BHANDARI S, et al. The host galaxy of a fast radio burst[J]. Nature, 2016, 530(7591): 453-456.
[10] TENDULKAR S P, BASSA C G, CORDES J M, et al. The host galaxy and redshift of the repeating Fast Radio Burst FRB 121102[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2017, 834(2): article id. L7.
[11] CALEB M, FLYNN C, BAILES M, et al. Fast Radio Transient searches with UTMOST at 843MHz[J]. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2016, 458(1): 718-725.
[12] CONNOR L, PEN U L, OPPERMANN N. FRB repetition and non-Poissonian statistics[J]. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 2016, 458(1): L89-L93.
[13] PIRO A L, BURKE-SPOLAOR S. What if the Fast Radio Bursts 110220 and 140514 are from the same source?[J]. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2017, 841(2): article id. L30(6pp).
[14] GEBG J J, HUANG Y F. Fast Radio Bursts: collisions between neutron stars and asteroids/comets[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2015, 809(1): article id. 24(5pp).
[15] CORDES J M, LAZIO T J W. NE2001. II. using radio propagation data to construct a model for the galactic distribution of free electrons[J/OL]. 2003[2018-11-13]. https://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0301598v1.pdf.
[16] CORDES J M, LAZIO T J W. NE2001. I. anew model for the galactic distribution of free electrons and its fluctuations[J/OL]. 2003[2018-11-13]. https://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0207156.pdf.
[17] KULKARNI S R, OFEK E O, NEILL J D, et al. Giant sparks at cosmological distances?[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2014, 797(1): article id. 70(31pp).
[18] GU W M, DONG Y Z, LIU T, et al. A neutron star-white dwarf binary model for repeating Fast Radio Burst 121102[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2016, 823(2): article id. L28(5pp).
[19] TAVANI M. Euclidean vs. non-Euclidean Gamma-Ray Bursts[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 1998, 497(1): L21-L24.
[20] BERA A, BHATTACHARYYA S, BHARADWAJ S, et al. On modelling the Fast Radio Burst population and event rate predictions[J]. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
2018, 457(3): 2530-2539.
[21] WANG F Y, YU H. SGR-like behaviour of the repeating FRB 121102[J]. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2017(3): article id. 23(11pp).
[22] LI L B, HUANG Y F, ZHANG Z B, et al. Intensity distribution function and statistical properties of fast radio bursts[J]. Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2017, 17(1): 71-80.
[23] SPITLER L G, CORDES J M, HESSELS J W T, et al. Fast radio burst discovered in the Arecibo pulsar ALFA survey[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2014, 790(2): 101.
[24] KEANE E F, PETROFF E. Fast radio bursts: search sensitivities and completeness[J]. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2014, 447(3): 2852-2856.
[25] LAW C J, BOWER G C, BURKE-SPOLAOR S, et al. A millisecond interferometric search for fast radio bursts with the very large array[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2014, 807(1): article id. 16(12pp).
[26] RANE A, LORIMER D R, BATES S D, et al. A search for rotating radio transients and fast radio bursts in the Parkes high-latitude pulsar survey[J]. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2015, 455(2): 2207-2215.
[27] CHAMPION D J, PETROFF E, KRAMER M, et al. Five new fast radio bursts from the HTRU high-latitude survey at Parkes: first evidence for two-component bursts[J]. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 2016, 460(1): L30-L34.
[28] 南仁东, 李会贤. FAST的进展——科学、技术与设备[J]. 中国科学: 物理学力学天文学, 2014, 44(10): 1063-1074.
[29] 刘鹏, 王培, 李菂, 等. FAST 19波束脉冲星漂移扫描巡天模拟[J]. 天文学进展, 2018, 36(2): 173-188.