直接蒸汽发电槽式太阳能集热器蒸汽温度自抗扰控制
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摘要
直接蒸汽发电(DSG)槽式太阳能集热器蒸汽温度具有大滞后、非线性、动态特性随工况变化明显及无法精确建模等特点,常规的PID控制方案难以取得满意的控制效果。本文基于自抗扰控制思想,通过引入虚拟控制量,对DSG槽式太阳能集热器蒸汽温度去除纯滞后环节的剩余对象设计自抗扰控制器,获得与其相应的虚拟控制量。然后利用跟踪微分器由虚拟控制量推测得到实际控制量,从而控制减温水流量调节蒸汽温度。实验仿真结果表明,本文提出的自抗扰控制方案能够在不同蒸汽压力工况下,克服DSG槽式太阳能集热器蒸汽温度对象动态特性变化和大滞后,对蒸汽温度指令信号阶跃实现快速准确跟踪,全程无超调,调节品质明显优于传统PID控制方案。
Since the steam temperature control of direct steam generation(DSG) trough solar collector exhibits large time delay, non-linearity, uncertainty, and difficult accurate modeling, the conventional PID control scheme is difficult to achieve ideal control effect. To solve this problem, based on the idea of active disturbance rejection control(ADRC), the virtual control variable is introduced. Firstly, the ADRC scheme is designed for the remaining part of the DSG trough solar collector steam temperature object after removing the pure time delay link, and the corresponding virtual control variable is obtained. Subsequently, the actual control variable is predicted by using the virtual control variable with the tracking differentiator(TD). Finally, the spraying water flow is controlled to regulate the steam temperature. The simulation results show that, the proposed ADRC scheme can overcome the changes of dynamic property and large time delay under different pressure conditions, and track the steam temperature rapidly and accurately without overshoot during the whole process. The control quality of the proposed ADRC scheme is significantly better than that of the conventional PID control scheme.
Since the steam temperature control of direct steam generation(DSG) trough solar collector exhibits large time delay, non-linearity, uncertainty, and difficult accurate modeling, the conventional PID control scheme is difficult to achieve ideal control effect. To solve this problem, based on the idea of active disturbance rejection control(ADRC), the virtual control variable is introduced. Firstly, the ADRC scheme is designed for the remaining part of the DSG trough solar collector steam temperature object after removing the pure time delay link, and the corresponding virtual control variable is obtained. Subsequently, the actual control variable is predicted by using the virtual control variable with the tracking differentiator(TD). Finally, the spraying water flow is controlled to regulate the steam temperature. The simulation results show that, the proposed ADRC scheme can overcome the changes of dynamic property and large time delay under different pressure conditions, and track the steam temperature rapidly and accurately without overshoot during the whole process. The control quality of the proposed ADRC scheme is significantly better than that of the conventional PID control scheme.
引文
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[11]潘小弟,纪云锋,王桂荣.注入模式下DSG系统反馈线性化串级控制器设计[J].微计算机信息,2011,27(1):28-30.PAN Xiaodi,JI Yunfeng,WANG Guirong.Feedback linearization cascade controller design of DSG system under injection mode[J].Micro Computer Information,2011,27(1):28-30.
[12]张先勇,舒杰,吴昌宏,等.槽式太阳能热发电中的控制技术及研究进展[J].华东电力,2008,36(1):135-138.ZHANG Xianyong,SHU Jie,WU Changhong,et al.Control technology and its research development for solar parabolic trough power generation[J].East China Electric Power,2008,36(1):135-138.
[13]韩京清.自抗扰控制技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2009:243-263.HAN Jingqing.Active disturbance rejection control technique[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2009:243-263.
[14]黄焕袍,武利强,韩京清,等.火电单元机组系统的自抗扰控制方案研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(10):168-173.HUANG Huanpao,WU Liqiang,HAN Jingqing,et al.Astudy of active disturbances rejection control on unit coordinated control system in thermal power plants[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(10):168-173.
[15]陈红,曾健,王广军.蒸汽发生器的自抗扰控[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(32):103-107.CHEN Hong,ZENG Jian,WANG Guangjun.Steam generator water level control based on active disturbances rejection control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(32):103-107.
[16]王万召,谭文.循环流化床锅炉主汽温自抗扰控制系统[J].动力工程学报,2017,37(12):977-982.WANG Wanzhao,TAN Wen.Active disturbance rejection control system of main steam temperature of circulating fluidized bed boiler[J].Journal of Power Engineering,2017,37(12):977-982.
[2]韩柳,庄博,吴耀武,等.风光水火联合运行电网的电源出力特性及相关性研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(19):91-98.HAN Liu,ZHUANG Bo,WU Yaowu,et al.Power source’s output characteristics and relevance in windsolar-hydro-thermal power system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(19):91-98.
[3]张耀明,邹宁宇.太阳能热发电技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2016:28-31.ZHANG Yaoming,ZOU Ningyu.Solar thermal power generation technology[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2016:28-31.
[4]卡马乔.太阳能发电系统控制技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014:50-57.EDUARDO F C.Solar power system control technology[M].Beijing:Mechanical Industry Press,2014:50-57.
[5]YAN Q,HU E,YANG Y P,et al.Dynamic modeling and simulation of a solar direct steam-generating system[J].International Journal of Energy Research,2010,34(15):1341-1355.
[6]梁征,孙利霞,由长福.DSG太阳能槽式集热器动态特性[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(12):1640-1645.LIANG Zheng,SUN Lixia,YOU Changfu.Dynamic characteristics of DSG solar trough collectors[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2009,30(12):1640-1645.
[7]曲航,赵军,于晓.抛物槽式太阳能热发电系统的模拟分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(11):87-93.QU Hang,ZHAO Jun,YU Xiao.Simulation of parabolic trough solar power generation system for typical Chinese sites[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(11):87-93.
[8]VALENZUELA L,ZARZA E,BERENGUEL M,et al.Control scheme for direct steam generation in parabolic troughs under recirculation operation mode[J].Solar Energy,2006,80(1):1-17.
[9]郭苏,刘德有,张耀明,等.循环模式DSG槽式太阳能集热器出口蒸汽温度控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(20):62-68.GUO Su,LIU Deyou,ZHANG Yaoming,et al.Research on control strategy of outlet steam temperature for DSG in parabolic troughs solar power under recirculation operation mode[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(20):62-68.
[10]田贵宾.DSG槽式太阳能集热系统建模及预测控制研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016:49-54.TIAN Guibin.Research on modeling of DSG trough solar collector system and predictive control[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016:49-54.
[11]潘小弟,纪云锋,王桂荣.注入模式下DSG系统反馈线性化串级控制器设计[J].微计算机信息,2011,27(1):28-30.PAN Xiaodi,JI Yunfeng,WANG Guirong.Feedback linearization cascade controller design of DSG system under injection mode[J].Micro Computer Information,2011,27(1):28-30.
[12]张先勇,舒杰,吴昌宏,等.槽式太阳能热发电中的控制技术及研究进展[J].华东电力,2008,36(1):135-138.ZHANG Xianyong,SHU Jie,WU Changhong,et al.Control technology and its research development for solar parabolic trough power generation[J].East China Electric Power,2008,36(1):135-138.
[13]韩京清.自抗扰控制技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2009:243-263.HAN Jingqing.Active disturbance rejection control technique[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2009:243-263.
[14]黄焕袍,武利强,韩京清,等.火电单元机组系统的自抗扰控制方案研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(10):168-173.HUANG Huanpao,WU Liqiang,HAN Jingqing,et al.Astudy of active disturbances rejection control on unit coordinated control system in thermal power plants[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(10):168-173.
[15]陈红,曾健,王广军.蒸汽发生器的自抗扰控[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(32):103-107.CHEN Hong,ZENG Jian,WANG Guangjun.Steam generator water level control based on active disturbances rejection control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(32):103-107.
[16]王万召,谭文.循环流化床锅炉主汽温自抗扰控制系统[J].动力工程学报,2017,37(12):977-982.WANG Wanzhao,TAN Wen.Active disturbance rejection control system of main steam temperature of circulating fluidized bed boiler[J].Journal of Power Engineering,2017,37(12):977-982.