草原生态补奖认知、收入影响与农牧户政策满意度——基于禁牧区与草畜平衡区的实证对比
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摘要
基于2017年赴禁牧区宁夏盐池和草畜平衡区内蒙古鄂托克旗获取的307份农牧户调研数据,运用有序Probit模型,分析草原生态补奖认知、收入影响、个人特征及家庭特征等因素对两区域农牧户草原生态补奖政策满意度的影响。研究结果表明:1)禁牧区与草畜平衡区农牧户对草原生态补奖政策的满意度存在差异,禁牧区农牧户满意度高于草畜平衡区; 2)补奖认知、收入影响和家庭特征对两区域农牧户满意度均具有显著影响,个人特征对禁牧区农牧户满意度具有显著影响。补奖对家庭重要程度、补奖的及时性和对成本上升的弥补效果对两区域农牧户满意度具有显著影响。政府的监管力度、户主年龄、受教育年限和草地面积对禁牧区农牧户满意度影响显著,从事养殖业人数、养殖规模和收入变化对草畜平衡区农牧户满意度影响显著。
Based on the 307 farmers and herdsmen survey data investigated from grazing prohibition zone and grassland-livestock balance area in 2017,the method of ordered Probit model was used to analyze the effect of policy cognitive,income effect,personal characteristics and family characteristics on farmers and herdsmen satisfaction of grassland ecological protection subsidy policy in the two areas. Results show that:( 1) Farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction are different in the two areas. The satisfaction of farmers and herdsmen in grazing prohibition areas were higher than that of grassland-livestock balance areas.( 2) Policy cognition,income effect and family characteristics have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in the two areas.Personal characteristics have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in grazing prohibition areas. The importance,timeliness and effectiveness of the subsidy have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in the two areas. Government supervision,householder age and education years,grassland area have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in grazing prohibition areas. The number of people engaged in the breeding industry,breeding number and income changes have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in grassland-livestock balance areas.
Based on the 307 farmers and herdsmen survey data investigated from grazing prohibition zone and grassland-livestock balance area in 2017,the method of ordered Probit model was used to analyze the effect of policy cognitive,income effect,personal characteristics and family characteristics on farmers and herdsmen satisfaction of grassland ecological protection subsidy policy in the two areas. Results show that:( 1) Farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction are different in the two areas. The satisfaction of farmers and herdsmen in grazing prohibition areas were higher than that of grassland-livestock balance areas.( 2) Policy cognition,income effect and family characteristics have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in the two areas.Personal characteristics have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in grazing prohibition areas. The importance,timeliness and effectiveness of the subsidy have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in the two areas. Government supervision,householder age and education years,grassland area have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in grazing prohibition areas. The number of people engaged in the breeding industry,breeding number and income changes have significant influence on farmers and herdsmen's satisfaction in grassland-livestock balance areas.
引文
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[2]沈海花,朱言坤,赵霞,等.中国草地资源的现状分析[J].科学通报,2016,61(2):139-154.
[3]韩枫,朱立志.基于草原生态建设的牧户满意度分析-以甘南草原为例[J].农业技术经济,2017(3):120-128.
[4]龙宝,张菲.农村基层治理满意程度及其影响因素分析-基于公共物品供给的微观视角[J].中国农村经济,2012(6):85-96.
[5]陈海燕.农牧户对草原生态保护补奖政策的评价与期望-基于内蒙古等6省区绒毛用羊养殖户问卷调查数据的分析[J].农业经济与管理,2013(5):73-81.
[6]路慧玲,周立华,陈勇,等.基于农户视角的盐池县退牧还草政策可持续性分析[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(4):1065-1071.
[7]李玉新,魏同洋,靳乐山.牧民对草原生态补偿政策评价及其影响因素研究-以内蒙古四子王旗为例[J].资源科学,2014,36(11):2442-2450.
[8]王丽佳,刘兴元.牧民对草地生态补偿政策的满意度实证研究[J].生态学报,2017,37(17):5798-5806.
[9]丁煌.利益分析:研究政策执行问题的基本方法论原则[J].广东行政学院学报,2004,16(3):27-30,34.
[10]Dye T R. Understanding Public Policy[M]. Englewood Cliffs,NJ:Prentice Hall,1992:32.
[11]Denzau A T,North D C. Shared mental models:Ideologies and institutions[J]. Kyklos,2010,47(1):3-31
[12]胡振通,柳荻,靳乐山.草原生态补偿:生态绩效、收入影响和政策满意度[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(1):165-176.
[13]田艳丽.建立草原生态补偿机制的探讨-以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟为例[J].农业现代化研究,2010,31(2):171-174.