不同槽宽分体箱梁桥梁的涡振及其控制措施
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摘要
不同槽宽分体箱梁可以有效地提高大跨度桥梁的气动稳定性,但是其涡振性能还不够明确,研究了6种代表性开槽率分体箱梁的涡振性能随开槽率的变化规律,对比了4种控制措施(增大阻尼比、可调风障、导流板和隔涡板)的制振效果,并对其进行了综合评价。结果表明:闭口箱梁的涡振性能要优于开槽的分体箱梁;随着开槽率的增大,分体箱梁的竖弯涡振振幅先增后减,扭转涡振振幅表现较为敏感,其中,60%开槽率的竖弯涡振和80%开槽率的扭转涡振振幅最大。对比了60%和20%开槽率分体箱梁,增大结构阻尼比和增设小透风率的隔涡板可以明显的减小不同槽宽分体箱梁的竖弯涡振振幅,增大阻尼比和增设水平风障可以有效地提高不同槽宽分体箱梁的扭转涡振性能,而增设内置、外置导流板对的涡振控制效果取决于开槽率的大小。以上4种控制措施都可以满足分体箱梁的扭转涡振振幅要求,但只有增设0%透风率的隔涡板才能满足Sperling指标和抗风设计规范的竖弯涡振振幅要求。
Although twin box girders with various slot ratios could improve the aerodynamic instability of long-span bridges, their vortex-induced vibration(VIV) performances are not explicit. The relationship of VIV performance of twin box girder with six resperentive slot ratios and slot ratio was investigated. The control effectiveness of four countermeasures including increasing structural damping ratio, installing wind barriers, installing guide vanes, and installing the grid plates were separately compared and then comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the VIV performance of a closed box girder is superior to those of twin box girders with various slot ratios. The vertical VIV amplitudes firstly increase and then decrease with the increasing of slot ratio, and torsional amplitudes are sensitive to the change of slot ratio, in which the 60% and 80% slot ratio has the largest vertical and torsional amplitude, respectively. As for the twin box girder with 60% and 20% slot ratios, increasing damping ratio and installing grid plates with small ventilation ratios could effectively decrease the verical VIV responses, while increasing damping ratio and installing the vertical and horizontal wind barriers are helpful to improve the torsional VIV performance. However, the control effect of a twin box girder with internalposition or extraposition guide vanes are depended on the slot ratio. Four countermeasures could be satisfied with the displacement requirement of torsional VIV of twin box girders, but only the grid plates with 0% ventilation ratio can be satisfied with the displacement requirement of vertical VIV according to Sperling's indicator and Wind-Resistance Specification of China.
Although twin box girders with various slot ratios could improve the aerodynamic instability of long-span bridges, their vortex-induced vibration(VIV) performances are not explicit. The relationship of VIV performance of twin box girder with six resperentive slot ratios and slot ratio was investigated. The control effectiveness of four countermeasures including increasing structural damping ratio, installing wind barriers, installing guide vanes, and installing the grid plates were separately compared and then comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the VIV performance of a closed box girder is superior to those of twin box girders with various slot ratios. The vertical VIV amplitudes firstly increase and then decrease with the increasing of slot ratio, and torsional amplitudes are sensitive to the change of slot ratio, in which the 60% and 80% slot ratio has the largest vertical and torsional amplitude, respectively. As for the twin box girder with 60% and 20% slot ratios, increasing damping ratio and installing grid plates with small ventilation ratios could effectively decrease the verical VIV responses, while increasing damping ratio and installing the vertical and horizontal wind barriers are helpful to improve the torsional VIV performance. However, the control effect of a twin box girder with internalposition or extraposition guide vanes are depended on the slot ratio. Four countermeasures could be satisfied with the displacement requirement of torsional VIV of twin box girders, but only the grid plates with 0% ventilation ratio can be satisfied with the displacement requirement of vertical VIV according to Sperling's indicator and Wind-Resistance Specification of China.
引文
[1]Larsen A,Savage M,Andréane Lafrenière,Michael C H Hui,Larsen S V.Investigation of vortex response of a twin box bridge section at high and low Reynolds numbers[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2008,96(6/7):934―944.
[2]Ehsan F,Scanlan R H.Vortex-induced vibrations of flexible bridges[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1990,116(6):1392―1411.
[3]Larose G,Larsen S V,Larsen A,Hui M,Jensen A G.Sectional model experiments at high Reynolds number for the deck of a 1018 m span cable-stayed bridge[C]//Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Wind Engineering,Lubbock,Texas American,2003.
[4]李玲瑶,余志武,何旭辉,徐汉勇.基于可靠度理论的桥梁涡激振动概率性评价[J].工程力学,2015,32(10):154―168.Li Lingyao,Yu Zhiwu,He Xuhui,Xu Hanyong.Probabilistic evaluation of vortex-induced vibration of bridges based on reliability theory[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(10):154―168.(in Chinese)
[5]喻梅,廖海黎,李明水,马存明,贾宏宇,罗楠.基于经验线性涡激力的桥梁涡激振动TMD控制[J].工程力学,2013,30(6):269―274.Yu Mei,Liao Haili,Li Mingshui,Ma Mingcun,Jia Hongyu,Luo Nan.Suppression of vortex-induced vibration of bridges using TMD based on linear empirical vortex-shedding forces model[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(6):269―274.(in Chinese)
[6]葛耀君.大跨度桥梁抗风的技术挑战与精细化研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(增刊II):11―23.Ge Yaojun.Technical challenges and refinement research on wind resistance of long-span bridges[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(Suppl II):11―23.(in Chinese)
[7]杨詠昕,周锐,葛耀君.大跨度分体箱梁桥梁的涡振性能及其控制[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(12):107―114.Yang Yongxin,Zhou Rui,Ge Yaojun.Vortex-induced Vibration and its control for Long-span Bridges with Twin Box Girder[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,44(12):107―114.(in Chinese)
[8]Yang Y X,Ma T T,Ge Y J.Evaluation on bridge dynamic properties and VIV performance based on wind tunnel test and field measurement[J].Wind and Structures,2015,20(6):719―737.
[9]陈政清,刘光栋.桥梁风工程研究的若干新进展[J].工程力学,2006,28(增刊II):93―111.Chen Zhengqing,Liu Guangdong.Some recent progresses in bridge wind engineering research.Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(Suppl II):93―111.(in Chinese)
[10]张志田,卿前志,肖玮,陈政清.开口截面斜拉桥涡激共振风洞试验及减振措施研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,38(7):1―5.Zhang Zhitian,Qing Qianzhi,Xiao Wei,Chen Zhengqing.Vortex-induced vibration and control method for a cable-stayed bridge with open cross section[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2011,38(7):1―5.(in Chinese)
[11]Zhou Z Y,Yang T,Ding Q S,Ge Y J.Mechanism on suppression in vortex-induced vibration of bridge deck with long projecting slab with countermeasures[J].Wind and Structures,2015,20(5):643―660.
[12]欧阳克俭,陈政清,韩艳,李红利.桥面中央开口悬索桥涡激共振与控制涡试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(7):199―202.Ouyang Kejian,Chen Zhengqing,Han Yan,Li Hongli.Vortex-induced vibration of a suspension bridge with central-slotted box section and its control test study[J].Journal of Shock and Vibration,2009,28(7):199―202.(in Chinese)
[13]孟晓亮,郭震山,丁泉顺,朱乐东.风嘴角度对封闭和半封闭箱梁涡振及颤振性能的影响[J].工程力学,2011,28(增刊II):184―194.Meng Xiaoliang,Guo Zhenshan,Ding Quansshun,Zhu Ledong.Influence of wind fairing angle on vortexinduced vibrations and flutter performances of closed and semi-closed box decks[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(Suppl II):184―194.(in Chinese)
[14]Larsen A,Esdahl Y,Andersen J E,Vejrum T.Storebelt suspension bridge vortex shedding excitation and mitigation by guide vanes[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2000,88(2/3):283―296.
[15]张伟,魏志刚,杨詠昕,葛耀君.基于高低雷诺数试验的分离双箱涡振性能对比[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(1):6―11.Zhang Wei,Wei Zhigang,Yang Yongxin,Ge Yaojun.Comparison and analysis of vortex induced vibration for twin-box bridge sections based on experiments in different Reynolds numbers[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2008,36(1):6―11.(in Chinese)
[16]李玲瑶,葛耀君.大跨度桥梁中央开槽断面的涡振控制试验[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(12):112―115.Li Lingyao,Ge Yaojun.Experiments of vortex control for central slotting on long-span bridges[J].Journal Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2008,36(12):112―115.(in Chinese)
[17]汪正华,杨詠昕,葛耀君.分体式钢箱梁涡激振动控制试验[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2010,26(3):433―438.Wang Zhenghua,Yang Yongxin,Ge Yaojun.Investigation on the vortex-induced vibration of a twin box bridge section[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science),2010,26(3):433―438.(in Chinese)
[18]王骑,林道锦,廖海黎,孙延国.分体式钢箱梁涡激振动特性及制振措施风洞试验研究[J].公路,2013,7:294―299.Wang Qi,Lin Daojin.,Liao Haili,Sun Yanguo.Study on the characteristic and control measures of vortex induced vibration for twin-box bridge sections based on wind tunnel tests[J].Journal of Highway,2013,7:294―299.(in Chinese)
[19]Laima S J,Li H,Chen W L,Li F C.Investigation and control of vortex-induced vibration of twin box girders[J].Journal of Fluids and Structures,2013,39(6/7):205―221.
[20]Yang Y X,Zhou R,Ge Y J,Damith M,Priyan M.Aerodynamic instability performance of twin-box girder for long-span bridges[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2015,145:196―208.
[21]Garg V K,Dukkipati R V.Dynamics of railway vehicle systems[M].Ontario:Academic Press Canada,1984:390―395.
[22]JTG/T D60-01-2004,公路桥梁抗风设计规范[S].北京:人民交通部出版社,2004.JTG/T D60-01-2004,Wind-resistant design specification for highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.(in Chinese)
[2]Ehsan F,Scanlan R H.Vortex-induced vibrations of flexible bridges[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1990,116(6):1392―1411.
[3]Larose G,Larsen S V,Larsen A,Hui M,Jensen A G.Sectional model experiments at high Reynolds number for the deck of a 1018 m span cable-stayed bridge[C]//Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Wind Engineering,Lubbock,Texas American,2003.
[4]李玲瑶,余志武,何旭辉,徐汉勇.基于可靠度理论的桥梁涡激振动概率性评价[J].工程力学,2015,32(10):154―168.Li Lingyao,Yu Zhiwu,He Xuhui,Xu Hanyong.Probabilistic evaluation of vortex-induced vibration of bridges based on reliability theory[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(10):154―168.(in Chinese)
[5]喻梅,廖海黎,李明水,马存明,贾宏宇,罗楠.基于经验线性涡激力的桥梁涡激振动TMD控制[J].工程力学,2013,30(6):269―274.Yu Mei,Liao Haili,Li Mingshui,Ma Mingcun,Jia Hongyu,Luo Nan.Suppression of vortex-induced vibration of bridges using TMD based on linear empirical vortex-shedding forces model[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(6):269―274.(in Chinese)
[6]葛耀君.大跨度桥梁抗风的技术挑战与精细化研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(增刊II):11―23.Ge Yaojun.Technical challenges and refinement research on wind resistance of long-span bridges[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(Suppl II):11―23.(in Chinese)
[7]杨詠昕,周锐,葛耀君.大跨度分体箱梁桥梁的涡振性能及其控制[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(12):107―114.Yang Yongxin,Zhou Rui,Ge Yaojun.Vortex-induced Vibration and its control for Long-span Bridges with Twin Box Girder[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,44(12):107―114.(in Chinese)
[8]Yang Y X,Ma T T,Ge Y J.Evaluation on bridge dynamic properties and VIV performance based on wind tunnel test and field measurement[J].Wind and Structures,2015,20(6):719―737.
[9]陈政清,刘光栋.桥梁风工程研究的若干新进展[J].工程力学,2006,28(增刊II):93―111.Chen Zhengqing,Liu Guangdong.Some recent progresses in bridge wind engineering research.Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(Suppl II):93―111.(in Chinese)
[10]张志田,卿前志,肖玮,陈政清.开口截面斜拉桥涡激共振风洞试验及减振措施研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,38(7):1―5.Zhang Zhitian,Qing Qianzhi,Xiao Wei,Chen Zhengqing.Vortex-induced vibration and control method for a cable-stayed bridge with open cross section[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2011,38(7):1―5.(in Chinese)
[11]Zhou Z Y,Yang T,Ding Q S,Ge Y J.Mechanism on suppression in vortex-induced vibration of bridge deck with long projecting slab with countermeasures[J].Wind and Structures,2015,20(5):643―660.
[12]欧阳克俭,陈政清,韩艳,李红利.桥面中央开口悬索桥涡激共振与控制涡试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(7):199―202.Ouyang Kejian,Chen Zhengqing,Han Yan,Li Hongli.Vortex-induced vibration of a suspension bridge with central-slotted box section and its control test study[J].Journal of Shock and Vibration,2009,28(7):199―202.(in Chinese)
[13]孟晓亮,郭震山,丁泉顺,朱乐东.风嘴角度对封闭和半封闭箱梁涡振及颤振性能的影响[J].工程力学,2011,28(增刊II):184―194.Meng Xiaoliang,Guo Zhenshan,Ding Quansshun,Zhu Ledong.Influence of wind fairing angle on vortexinduced vibrations and flutter performances of closed and semi-closed box decks[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(Suppl II):184―194.(in Chinese)
[14]Larsen A,Esdahl Y,Andersen J E,Vejrum T.Storebelt suspension bridge vortex shedding excitation and mitigation by guide vanes[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2000,88(2/3):283―296.
[15]张伟,魏志刚,杨詠昕,葛耀君.基于高低雷诺数试验的分离双箱涡振性能对比[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(1):6―11.Zhang Wei,Wei Zhigang,Yang Yongxin,Ge Yaojun.Comparison and analysis of vortex induced vibration for twin-box bridge sections based on experiments in different Reynolds numbers[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2008,36(1):6―11.(in Chinese)
[16]李玲瑶,葛耀君.大跨度桥梁中央开槽断面的涡振控制试验[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(12):112―115.Li Lingyao,Ge Yaojun.Experiments of vortex control for central slotting on long-span bridges[J].Journal Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2008,36(12):112―115.(in Chinese)
[17]汪正华,杨詠昕,葛耀君.分体式钢箱梁涡激振动控制试验[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2010,26(3):433―438.Wang Zhenghua,Yang Yongxin,Ge Yaojun.Investigation on the vortex-induced vibration of a twin box bridge section[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science),2010,26(3):433―438.(in Chinese)
[18]王骑,林道锦,廖海黎,孙延国.分体式钢箱梁涡激振动特性及制振措施风洞试验研究[J].公路,2013,7:294―299.Wang Qi,Lin Daojin.,Liao Haili,Sun Yanguo.Study on the characteristic and control measures of vortex induced vibration for twin-box bridge sections based on wind tunnel tests[J].Journal of Highway,2013,7:294―299.(in Chinese)
[19]Laima S J,Li H,Chen W L,Li F C.Investigation and control of vortex-induced vibration of twin box girders[J].Journal of Fluids and Structures,2013,39(6/7):205―221.
[20]Yang Y X,Zhou R,Ge Y J,Damith M,Priyan M.Aerodynamic instability performance of twin-box girder for long-span bridges[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2015,145:196―208.
[21]Garg V K,Dukkipati R V.Dynamics of railway vehicle systems[M].Ontario:Academic Press Canada,1984:390―395.
[22]JTG/T D60-01-2004,公路桥梁抗风设计规范[S].北京:人民交通部出版社,2004.JTG/T D60-01-2004,Wind-resistant design specification for highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.(in Chinese)