一种测试移动列车-桥梁系统气动特性的U形滑道和方法
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摘要
发展移动车辆模型风洞试验系统是考虑运动车辆和桥梁间相互气动影响的有效方法。利用中南大学风洞实验室低速试验段壁面预留的轨道安装接口,研制一套U形滑道系统实现模型车辆的移动,该系统通过势能和动能的相互转换实现模型车辆的加速和减速,而无需复杂的专用加速和缓冲装置;车辆置于滑道不同高度可获得不同的滑动速度,因而能方便地改变模型列车滑动速度;由于U形滑道加速段置于风洞外,该系统能最大限度地利用风洞试验段,保证有效试验段长度。为测试移动车辆的气动力及保证测试结果的精度,开发一套无线风压测试系统,初步对比结果表明:该系统能满足车-桥系统气动特性的测试需求。
Developing moving vehicle model of wind tunnel test system is an effective way to study the aerodynamic interference between running vehicle and bridge. A U-shape launching ramp was developed by use of track installation space reserved at low speed test section of wind tunnel test laboratory at Central South University. The device can realize the acceleration or deceleration of train model by the transformation of gravitational potential energy to/from kinetic energy, omiting complex dedicated devices used in previous methods for acceleration or deceleration of train model. The running speed of train model can be easily changed by adjusting the height of train position at U-shape launching ramp, which is placed outside of the wind tunnel in order to ensure the effective length of test section as long as possible. To test the aerodynamic characteristic of running vehicle model and ensure the accuracy of test results, a wireless wind pressure test system was developed. The preliminary comparisons of test results, which results from wireless wind pressure test system, scanning valve, and high-frequency-force-balance, show that the wireless wind pressure test system can meet the requirement of aerodynamic characteristics testing of train-bridge.
Developing moving vehicle model of wind tunnel test system is an effective way to study the aerodynamic interference between running vehicle and bridge. A U-shape launching ramp was developed by use of track installation space reserved at low speed test section of wind tunnel test laboratory at Central South University. The device can realize the acceleration or deceleration of train model by the transformation of gravitational potential energy to/from kinetic energy, omiting complex dedicated devices used in previous methods for acceleration or deceleration of train model. The running speed of train model can be easily changed by adjusting the height of train position at U-shape launching ramp, which is placed outside of the wind tunnel in order to ensure the effective length of test section as long as possible. To test the aerodynamic characteristic of running vehicle model and ensure the accuracy of test results, a wireless wind pressure test system was developed. The preliminary comparisons of test results, which results from wireless wind pressure test system, scanning valve, and high-frequency-force-balance, show that the wireless wind pressure test system can meet the requirement of aerodynamic characteristics testing of train-bridge.
引文
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[15]何旭辉,余志武,李玲瑶,等.一种U形风洞试验列车加速系统:中国,2012 1 05055519.3[P].2015-03-25.HE Xuhui,YU Zhiwu,LI Lingyao,et al.A U-shaped wind tunnel test train acceleration system:China,2012 105055519.3[P].2015-03-25.
[16]何旭辉,邹云峰,邓宏贵,等.基于无线传输的移动列车气动三分力测试装置:中国,2014 2 0255900.6[P].2014-09-03.HE Xuhui,ZOU Yunfeng,DENG Honggui,et al.Pneumatic three-component testing device for mobile trains based on wireless transmission:China,2014 20255900.6[P].2014-09-03
[2]Andrija Buljac,Hrvoje Kozmar,Stanislav Pospisil,et al.Aerodynamic and aeroelastic characteristics of typical bridge decks equipped with wind barriers at the windward bridge-deck edge[J].Engineering Structures,2017(137):310-322.
[3]李永乐,胡朋,张明金,等.侧向风作用下车-桥系统的气动特性——基于风洞试验的参数研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2012,47(2):210-217.LI Yongle,HU Peng,ZHANG Mingjin,et al.Aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle-bridge system under cross wind:parameter studies on wind tunnel test[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2012,47(2):210-217.
[4]HE X H,ZOU Y F,WANG H F,et al.Aerodynamic characteristics of a trailing rail vehicles on viaduct based on still wind tunnel experiments[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2014,135(12):22-33.
[5]刘庆宽,杜彦良,乔富贵.日本列车横风和强风对策研究[J].铁道学报,2008,30(1):82-88.LIU Qingkuan,DU Yanliang,QIAO Fugui.Train-crosswind and strong wind countermeasure research in Japan[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2008,30(1):82-88.
[6]田红旗.列车空气动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007.TIAN Hongqi.Train aerodynamics[M].Beijing:China Railway Press,2007.
[7]李素康,潘迪夫.列车动模型试验弹射系统的控制[J].中国铁路,2005(8):51-52.LI Sukang,PAN Difu.Control of train ejection system test ejection system[J].China Railway,2005(8):51-52.
[8]Doi T,Ogawa T,Masubuchi T,et al.Development of an experimental facility for measuring pressure waves generated by high-speed trains[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2010,98(1):55-61.
[9]Pope W.The simulation of flows in railway tunnel using1/25th scale moving model facility[C]//Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels.London and New York:Elsevier Applied Science,1991:709-737.
[10]Bain D,Alan V.A gun-fired 0.5%scale facility for pressure transients tests of very high speed trains in tunnels[C]//Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels.London and New York:Elsevier Applied Science,1991:757-787.
[11]毛军,薛琳,谭忠盛.新型高速列车隧道空气动力学模型试验系统[J].北方交通大学学报,2003,27(4):6-10.MAO Jun,XUE Lin,TAN Zhongsheng.Aerodynamics model test system for new type high-speed train tunnels[J].Journal of Northern Jiaotong University,2003,27(4):6-10.
[12]YANG Qiansuo,SONG Junhao,YANG Guowei.A moving model rig with a scale ratio of 1/8 for high speed train aerodynamics[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2016(152):50-28.
[13]李永乐,张明金.胡朋,等.车辆运动对车-桥系统气动特性的影响研究[C]//第十四届全国结构风工程学术会议论文集,北京,2009:569-574.LI Yongle,ZHANG Mingjin,HU Peng,et al.Study on the influence of vehicle motion on the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle-bridge system[C]//The Proceedings of the 14th National Conference on Structural Wind Engineering,Beijing,2009:569-574.
[14]李永乐,胡朋,张明金,等.侧向风作用下车-桥系统的气动特性——移动车辆模型风洞试验系统[J].西南交通大学学报,2012,47(1):50-56.LI Yongle,HU Peng,ZHANG Mingjin,et al.Aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle-bridge system under cross wind:wind vehicle test system for mobile vehicle model[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2012,47(1):50-56.
[15]何旭辉,余志武,李玲瑶,等.一种U形风洞试验列车加速系统:中国,2012 1 05055519.3[P].2015-03-25.HE Xuhui,YU Zhiwu,LI Lingyao,et al.A U-shaped wind tunnel test train acceleration system:China,2012 105055519.3[P].2015-03-25.
[16]何旭辉,邹云峰,邓宏贵,等.基于无线传输的移动列车气动三分力测试装置:中国,2014 2 0255900.6[P].2014-09-03.HE Xuhui,ZOU Yunfeng,DENG Honggui,et al.Pneumatic three-component testing device for mobile trains based on wireless transmission:China,2014 20255900.6[P].2014-09-03