闭口钢箱梁悬索桥涡振多尺度模型风洞试验
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摘要
闭口钢箱梁悬索桥涡振对行车安全、结构耐久和行人舒适度等十分不利。模型风洞试验是研究悬索桥涡振的主要手段。由于涡振对断面气动外形、结构阻尼和雷诺数较为敏感,节段模型和全桥模型涡振试验中都存在缩尺效应。基于闭口钢箱梁悬索桥1∶122全桥气弹模型、1∶60小尺度节段模型和1∶20大尺度节段模型等三组风洞试验发现模型试验中涡振的尺度效应表现为尺寸增大后涡振风速锁定区间变窄并提前但振幅降低。全桥模型试验主缆涡激力激发了加劲梁桥塔和主缆三者高风速涡振现象。
The vortex-induced vibration(VIV) of closed steel box girder suspension bridgesis harmful to traffic safety,structural durability and pedestrian comfort. Model wind tunnel test is main method to study of VIV. Since VIV is sensitive to aerodynamic geometry,damping and Reynolds number of the section,the scale effects are significant in sectional and full-brmodel wind tunnel testing. 3 groups of wind tunnel tests were performed for the 1∶ 122 full-bridge aeroelastic model,1∶ 60 small-scale sectional model and 1∶ 20 large-scale sectional model of a suspension bridge,where the scale effects in VIV presented as the decreasing of critical VIV wind speed and shortening of "lock-in "interval,together with a reduction of VIV amplitude. In the aeroelastic tests,a coupling VIV of girders,cables and towers was observed at a higher wind speed,which was exited by the VIV of cables.
The vortex-induced vibration(VIV) of closed steel box girder suspension bridgesis harmful to traffic safety,structural durability and pedestrian comfort. Model wind tunnel test is main method to study of VIV. Since VIV is sensitive to aerodynamic geometry,damping and Reynolds number of the section,the scale effects are significant in sectional and full-brmodel wind tunnel testing. 3 groups of wind tunnel tests were performed for the 1∶ 122 full-bridge aeroelastic model,1∶ 60 small-scale sectional model and 1∶ 20 large-scale sectional model of a suspension bridge,where the scale effects in VIV presented as the decreasing of critical VIV wind speed and shortening of "lock-in "interval,together with a reduction of VIV amplitude. In the aeroelastic tests,a coupling VIV of girders,cables and towers was observed at a higher wind speed,which was exited by the VIV of cables.
引文
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[3]朱瑾如,钱程,潘雨桐,等.地铁振动对建筑物及人体舒适度影响的研究[J].结构工程师,2017,33(5):125-134.Zhu Jinru,Qian Cheng,Pan Yutong,et al.Study on subway-induced vibration response of building structures and human comfort[J].Structural Engineers,2017,33(5):125-134.(in Chinese)
[4]中交公路规划设计院.JTG/T D60-01—2004公路桥梁抗风设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.CCCC Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd..JTG/T D60-01—2004 Wind-resistant design specification for highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.(in Chinese)
[5]杨阳,张亮亮,吴波,等.宽体扁平钢箱梁气动力特性及涡振性能研究[J].桥梁建设,2016,46(1):70-75.Yang Yang,Zhang Liangliang,Wu Bo,et al.Study of aerodynamic characteristics and vortex-induced vibration performance of wide flat steel box girder[J].Bridge Construction,2016,46(1):70-75.(in Chinese)
[6]宋泰宇,沈殷,李国平.缩尺结构模型的相似荷载优化设计[J].结构工程师,2015,31(4):92-99.Song Taiyu,Shen Yin,Li Guoping.Optimization design of similitude loads on reduced scale structural model[J].Structural Engineers,2015,31(4):92-99.(in Chinese)
[7]Raghavan K,Bernitsas MM.Experimental investigation of Reynolds number effect on vortex induced vibration of rigid circular cylinder on elastic supports[J].Ocean Engineering,2011,38(5-6):719-731.
[8]鲜荣,廖海黎.不同尺度扁平箱梁节段模型涡激振动风洞试验[J].桥梁建设,2010(2):9-13.Xian Rong,Liao Haili.Wind tunnel test for vortex-induced vibration of different geometry scale sectional models of flat box girder[J].Bridge Construction,2010(2):9-13.(in Chinese)
[9]熊龙,孙延国,廖海黎.钢箱梁在高低雷诺数下的涡振特性研究[J].桥梁建设,2016,46(5):65-70.Xiong Long,Sun Yanguo,Liao Haili.Study of vortexinduced vibration characteristics of steel box girder at high and low Reynolds numbers[J].Bridge Construction,2016,46(5):65-70.(in Chinese)
[10]赵林,葛耀君,郭增伟,等.大跨度缆索承重桥梁风振控制回顾与思考——主梁被动控制效果与主动控制策略[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(12):91-100.Zhao Lin,Ge Yaojun,Guo Zengwei,et al.Reconsideration of wind-induced vibration mitigation of long-span cable supported bridges:effects of passive control and strategy of active control[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(12):91-100.(in Chinese)
[11]Ehsan F,Scanlan R H.Vortex-induced vibrations of flexible bridges[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1990,116(6):1392-1411.
[12]朱乐东.桥梁涡激共振试验节段模型质量系统模拟与振幅修正方法[J].工程力学,2005,22(5):204-208.Zhu Ledong.Mass simulation and amplitude conversion of bridge sectional model test for vortex-excited resonance[J].Engineering Mechanics,2005,22(5):204-208.(in Chinese)
[13]李玲瑶,葛耀君,陈伟东.大沽河航道桥全桥气弹模型风洞试验研究[J].桥梁建设,2007(5):17-20.Li Lingyao,Ge Yaojun,Chen Weidong.Wind tunnel test study of aeroelastic model of overall bridge of Dagu river channel bridge[J].Bridge Construction,2007(5):17-20.(in Chinese)
[14]周奇,朱乐东.平行双幅斜拉桥涡振特性气弹模型试验研究[J].振动工程学报,2013,26(4):522-530.Zhou Qi,Zhu Ledong.Aerodynamic interference effects on flutter and vortex-excited resonance of bridges with twin-separate parallel box decks[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2013,26(4):522-530.(in Chinese)
[15]秦浩,廖海黎,李明水.大跨度双幅连续钢箱梁桥涡激振动特性风洞试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(14):206-10.Qin Hao,Liao Haili,Li Mingshui.Vortex-induced vibration performance of long span continuous steel twin box beam bridge based on wind tunnel test[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(14):206-10.(in Chinese)
[16]陆方夏,赵林,郭增伟,等.类矩形双肢钝体涡致振动和气动抑振机理[J].石家庄铁道大学学报(自然科学版),2010,23(4):10-4.Lu Fangxai,Zhao Lin,Guo Zengwei,et al.Vortex shedding-induced vibration and its mitigation of tworib bluff body with rectangular shape[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University(Natural Science),2010,23(4):10-4.(in Chinese)
[17]Zhou S,Hua X G,Chen Z Q,et al.Experimental investigation of correction factor for VIV amplitude of flexible bridges from an aeroelastic model and its 1∶1section model[J].Engineering Structures,2017,141:263-271.