贵州泥堡金矿床的流体包裹体和稳定同位素地球化学研究及其矿床成因意义
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摘要
泥堡金矿床是黔西南台地相区以断控型矿体为主、层状型矿体为辅的复合型金矿床。断控型矿体主要发育于低角度的逆冲断层中,层状型矿体主要发育于断控型矿体之上穹窿构造核部的上二叠统龙潭组和中二叠统大厂层中。根据脉体的穿插关系和矿物共生组合,将成矿过程从早到晚划分为石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英-黄铁矿-毒砂阶段和方解石-石英-多金属硫化物±萤石阶段。泥堡金矿床两类矿体中流体包裹体类型相同,包括水溶液包裹体、CO_2-H_2O包裹体和CO_2包裹体。层状型矿体早阶段石英中流体包裹体均一温度范围为194~305℃,盐度范围为0.70%~7.81%NaC leqv,石英的δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)为22.7~23.6‰,计算得到的δ~(18)OH 13.5‰,~-62‰;2O为12.6‰~石英中流体包裹体水的δD_(H_2O)为-84‰中阶段石英中流体包裹体均一温度范围为125~278℃,盐度范围为0.53%~6.46%NaC leqv,石英的δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)为16.6‰~23.5‰,计算得到的δ~(18)O_(H_2O)为4.4‰~11.3‰,石英中流体包裹体水的δDH~-65‰;3~2O为-80‰晚阶段方解石中流体包裹体均一温度范围为13197℃,盐度范围为0.53%~7.45%NaC leqv,萤石中流体包裹体均一温度范围为102~264℃,盐度范围为0.18%~4.49%NaC leqv,方解石的δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)为20.6‰~22.7‰,计算得到的δ~(18)OH 3‰~10.4‰,2O为8.方解石中流体包裹体水的δD_(H_2O)为-56‰~-47‰,δ13CV-PDB为-6.6‰~-1.6‰。断控型矿体中阶段石英中流体包裹体均一温度范围为126~296℃,盐度范围为0.35%~8.29%NaC leqv,石英的δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)为21.9‰~23.7‰,计算得到的δ~(18)OH9.8‰~11.6‰,2O为石英中流体包裹体水的δDHNaC leqv,2O为-85‰;晚阶段方解石中流体包裹体均一温度范围为118~236℃,盐度范围为0.53%~7.02%方解石的δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)为19.8‰~21.5‰,计算得到的δ~(18)OH~10.4‰,2O为8.7‰方解石中流体包裹体水的δDH‰~-55‰,2O为-67δ13CV-PDB为-7.0‰~-4.7‰。流体包裹体和稳定同位素研究结果表明,两类矿体成矿流体性质和来源一致,且具有相似的演化过程。泥堡金矿床的成矿流体来源于大气降水和海水的混合,并且从早阶段到晚阶段,海水所占的比例逐渐增大,碳主要来自海相碳酸盐岩的溶解。
The Nibao gold deposit is a composite gold deposit dominated by fault-controlled type orebody and supplemented by stratabound type orebody located in platform area in the Southwest Guizhou Province. Fault-controlled type orebody is mainly developed in the low angle thrust fault,stratabound type orebody mainly above fault-controlled type orebody which developed in the core of dome structure in the Upper Permian Longtan Formation and Middle Permian Dachang layer. The ore-forming process can be divided into quartz-pyrite stage,quartz-pyrite-arsenopyrite stage and calcite-quartz-polymetallic sulfide ± fluorite stage from early to late base on crosscutting relationships and mineral assemblages. Two types orebody have the same types of fluid inclusions,including aqueous inclusions,CO_2-H_2O inclusions and mono-phase CO_2 inclusions. In stratabound type orebody,the homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in quartz range from 194 to 305℃,with salinities range from 0. 70% to 7. 81% Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of quartz range from 22. 7‰ to 23. 6‰,yield δ~(18)O_(H_2O)values from 12. 6‰ to 13. 5‰,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusions in quartz from-84‰ to-62‰ in the early stage. The homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in quartz range from 125 to 278℃,with salinities range from 0. 53% to 6. 46% Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of quartz range from 16. 6‰ to 23. 5‰,yield δ~(18)O_(H_2O)values from 4. 4‰ to11. 3‰,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusions in quartz from-80‰ to-65‰ in the middle stage. The homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in calcite range from 133 to 197℃,with salinities range from 0. 53% to 7. 45% Na Cleqv and homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in fluorite range from 102 to 264℃,with salinities range from 0. 18% to 4. 49% Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of calcite range from 20. 6‰ to 22. 7‰,yield δ~(18)O_(H_2O)values from 8. 3‰ to 10. 4‰,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusions in calcite from-56‰ to-47‰,δ13CV-PDBvalues from-6. 6‰ to-1. 6‰ in the late stage. In fault-controlled type orebody,the homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in quartz range from 126 to 296℃,with salinities range from 0. 35% to 8. 29%Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of quartz range from 21. 9‰ to 23. 7‰,yield δ~(18)O_(H_2O)values from 9. 8‰ to 11. 6‰,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusions in quartz is-85‰ in the middle stage. The homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in calcite range from 118 to 236℃,with salinities range from 0. 53% to 7. 02% Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of calcite range from 19. 8‰ to 21. 5‰,yield δ~(18)OH4‰ns in calcite from-67‰ to-55‰2Ovalues from 8. 7‰ to 10.,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusio,δ~(13)CV-PDBvalues from-7. 0‰ to-4. 7‰ in the late stage. Fluid inclusions and stable isotope study results in this deposit show that two types orebody have a consistent properties and source of ore-forming fluid,and experience a similar evolutionary process. The ore-forming fluid is derived from the mixing of meteoric water and sea water and the proportion of sea water is gradually increasing from early to late,the carbon is mainly derived from dissolution of marine carbonate rocks.
The Nibao gold deposit is a composite gold deposit dominated by fault-controlled type orebody and supplemented by stratabound type orebody located in platform area in the Southwest Guizhou Province. Fault-controlled type orebody is mainly developed in the low angle thrust fault,stratabound type orebody mainly above fault-controlled type orebody which developed in the core of dome structure in the Upper Permian Longtan Formation and Middle Permian Dachang layer. The ore-forming process can be divided into quartz-pyrite stage,quartz-pyrite-arsenopyrite stage and calcite-quartz-polymetallic sulfide ± fluorite stage from early to late base on crosscutting relationships and mineral assemblages. Two types orebody have the same types of fluid inclusions,including aqueous inclusions,CO_2-H_2O inclusions and mono-phase CO_2 inclusions. In stratabound type orebody,the homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in quartz range from 194 to 305℃,with salinities range from 0. 70% to 7. 81% Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of quartz range from 22. 7‰ to 23. 6‰,yield δ~(18)O_(H_2O)values from 12. 6‰ to 13. 5‰,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusions in quartz from-84‰ to-62‰ in the early stage. The homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in quartz range from 125 to 278℃,with salinities range from 0. 53% to 6. 46% Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of quartz range from 16. 6‰ to 23. 5‰,yield δ~(18)O_(H_2O)values from 4. 4‰ to11. 3‰,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusions in quartz from-80‰ to-65‰ in the middle stage. The homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in calcite range from 133 to 197℃,with salinities range from 0. 53% to 7. 45% Na Cleqv and homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in fluorite range from 102 to 264℃,with salinities range from 0. 18% to 4. 49% Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of calcite range from 20. 6‰ to 22. 7‰,yield δ~(18)O_(H_2O)values from 8. 3‰ to 10. 4‰,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusions in calcite from-56‰ to-47‰,δ13CV-PDBvalues from-6. 6‰ to-1. 6‰ in the late stage. In fault-controlled type orebody,the homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in quartz range from 126 to 296℃,with salinities range from 0. 35% to 8. 29%Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of quartz range from 21. 9‰ to 23. 7‰,yield δ~(18)O_(H_2O)values from 9. 8‰ to 11. 6‰,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusions in quartz is-85‰ in the middle stage. The homogenization temperature values of fluid inclusions in calcite range from 118 to 236℃,with salinities range from 0. 53% to 7. 02% Na Cleqv,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)values of calcite range from 19. 8‰ to 21. 5‰,yield δ~(18)OH4‰ns in calcite from-67‰ to-55‰2Ovalues from 8. 7‰ to 10.,δD_(H_2O)values of fluid inclusio,δ~(13)CV-PDBvalues from-7. 0‰ to-4. 7‰ in the late stage. Fluid inclusions and stable isotope study results in this deposit show that two types orebody have a consistent properties and source of ore-forming fluid,and experience a similar evolutionary process. The ore-forming fluid is derived from the mixing of meteoric water and sea water and the proportion of sea water is gradually increasing from early to late,the carbon is mainly derived from dissolution of marine carbonate rocks.
引文
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