ABR除碳-亚硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化处理城市污水
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摘要
为推进厌氧氨氧化技术应用于城市污水处理,耦合亚硝化系统和厌氧氨氧化系统,并在其前端添加ABR除碳系统,构建ABR除碳-亚硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化工艺进行城市污水脱氮除碳,采用MiSeq高通量测序技术分析污泥中微生物菌群结构的变化情况.结果表明,ABR除碳系统出水COD平均浓度120 mg·L~(-1),不会对后续亚硝化系统和厌氧氨氧化系统产生不利影响,控制亚硝化系统出水和ABR除碳出水比例为2∶1作为厌氧氨氧化系统进水,满足ANAMMOX所需NO_2~--N和NH_4~+-N基质比1∶1左右的要求.一体式反应器总氮去除率在86%～92%,出水COD浓度在20～40 mg·L~(-1).同时,实验后亚硝化系统中与反硝化作用密切相关的γ-Protebacteria纲有所增加,厌氧氨氧化系统中具有较高微生物生长速率和增强脱氮速率功能的Sphingobacteria纲显著增加,ABR除碳-亚硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化工艺能够有效用于处理城市污水脱氮除碳.
In order to promote the application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation( ANAMMOX) to treat municipal wastewater,nitrosation was coupled with ANAMMOX and an ABR decarbonization system at the front of it; then used to build a system in which ABR decarbonization-nitrosation coupled with ANAMMOX was used to treat municipal wastewater. The high throughput sequencing technology of MiSeq was employed to analyze the structure of the microbial community in the sludge. Results showed that the average effluent COD concentration of the carbon removal system was 120 mg·L~(-1) and that the subsequent nitrosation system and ANAMMOX system would not be adversely affected by the effluent COD. Controlled by matching the nitrosation effluent with that from the ABR carbon removal system 2∶ 1,the ANAMMOX influent,kept the ratio of the NO_2~--N and NH_4~+-N matrix to ANAMMOX at about 1∶ 1.The total nitrogen removal rate of the integrated reactor was 86%-92% and the COD of the effluent was 20-40 mg·L~(-1). After the experiment,the number of bacteria in class γ-Proteobacteria in the nitrosation system,which are closely related to denitrification,increased. Members of class Sphingobacteria,which have the function of enhancing the growth rate of microorganisms and enhancing the rate of denitrification,were significantly increased in the ANAMMOX system. The nitrogen and carbon in the municipal wastewater could be stably and efficiently removed by the ABR Decarbonization-Nitrosation coupled with ANAMMOX process.
In order to promote the application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation( ANAMMOX) to treat municipal wastewater,nitrosation was coupled with ANAMMOX and an ABR decarbonization system at the front of it; then used to build a system in which ABR decarbonization-nitrosation coupled with ANAMMOX was used to treat municipal wastewater. The high throughput sequencing technology of MiSeq was employed to analyze the structure of the microbial community in the sludge. Results showed that the average effluent COD concentration of the carbon removal system was 120 mg·L~(-1) and that the subsequent nitrosation system and ANAMMOX system would not be adversely affected by the effluent COD. Controlled by matching the nitrosation effluent with that from the ABR carbon removal system 2∶ 1,the ANAMMOX influent,kept the ratio of the NO_2~--N and NH_4~+-N matrix to ANAMMOX at about 1∶ 1.The total nitrogen removal rate of the integrated reactor was 86%-92% and the COD of the effluent was 20-40 mg·L~(-1). After the experiment,the number of bacteria in class γ-Proteobacteria in the nitrosation system,which are closely related to denitrification,increased. Members of class Sphingobacteria,which have the function of enhancing the growth rate of microorganisms and enhancing the rate of denitrification,were significantly increased in the ANAMMOX system. The nitrogen and carbon in the municipal wastewater could be stably and efficiently removed by the ABR Decarbonization-Nitrosation coupled with ANAMMOX process.
引文
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[19]Strous M,Heijnen J J,Kuenen J G,et al.The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1998,50(5):589-596.
[20]闾刚,徐乐中,沈耀良,等.基质比对ABR厌氧氨氧化工艺脱氮性能的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(5):2006-2011.Lv G,Xu L Z,Shen Y L,et al.Effect of substrate ratio on nitrogen removal performance of ANAMMOX in ABR[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(5):2006-2011.
[21]汪瑶琪,喻徐良,陈重军,等.有机物对厌氧氨氧化菌活性影响研究进展[J].化学通报,2017,80(2):173-178.Wang Y Q,Yu X L,Cheng C J,et al.Research progress in influence of organic matter on anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction[J].Chemistry,2017,80(2):173-178.
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[23]操沈彬,王淑莹,吴程程,等.有机物对厌氧氨氧化系统的冲击影响[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(12):2164-2169.Cao S B,Wang S Y,Wu C C,et al.Shock effect of organic matters on anaerobic ammonia oxidation system[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(12):2164-2169.
[24]Shu D T,He Y L,Yue H,et al.Metagenomic insights into the effects of volatile fatty acids on microbial community structures and functional genes in organotrophic ANAMMOX process[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,196:621-633.
[25]Ma J X,Wang Z W,Yang Y,et al.Correlating microbial community structure and composition with aeration intensity in submerged membrane bioreactors by 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing[J].Water Research,2013,47(2):859-869.
[26]郑林雪,李军,胡家玮,等.同步硝化反硝化系统中反硝化细菌多样性研究[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(1):116-121.Zheng L X,Li J,Hu J W,et al.Analysis of denitrifying bacteria community composition in simultaneous nitrification and denitrification systems[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(1):116-121.
[27]侯保连,李安婕,孙趣.AHLs群体感应信号分子对硝化污泥附着生长及硝化效果的影响[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(9):2773-2779.Hou B L,Li A J,Sun Q.The effect of N-acy-homoserine lactones mediated quorum-sensing on the adhesion growth and nitrification of nitrifying sludge[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(9):2773-2779.
[2]Wang Z,Peng Y Z,Miao L,et al.Continuous-flow combined process of nitritation and ANAMMOX for treatment of landfill leachate[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,214:514-519.
[3]Lackner S,Gilbert E M,Vlaeminck S E,et al.Full-scale partial nitritation/ANAMMOX experiences-An application survey[J].Water Research,2014,55(10):292-303.
[4]Ma B,Wang S Y,Cao S B,et al.Biological nitrogen removal from sewage via ANAMMOX:Recent advances[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,200:981-990.
[5]Van Hulle S W H,Vandeweyer H J P,Meesschaert B D,et al.Engineering aspects and practical application of autotrophic nitrogen removal from nitrogen rich streams[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2010,162(1):1-20.
[6]周正,王凡,林兴,等.中试一体式部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化反应器的启动与区域特性[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):1301-1308.Zhou Z,Wang F,Ling X,et al.Start-up and regional characteristics of a pilot-scale integrated PN-ANAMMOX reactor[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(3):1301-1308.
[7]王亚宜,黎力,马骁,等.厌氧氨氧化菌的生物特性及CANON厌氧氨氧化工艺[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(6):1362-1374.Wang Y Y,Li L,Ma X,et al.Bio-characteristics of ANAMMOX bacteria and CANON ANAMMOX process[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2014,34(6):1362-1374.
[8]Varas R,Guzmán-Fierro V,Giustinianovich E,et al.Startup and oxygen concentration effects in a continuous granular mixed flow autotrophic nitrogen removal reactor[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,190:345-351.
[9]陈重军,王建芳,张海芹,等.厌氧氨氧化污水处理工艺及其实际应用研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(3):521-527.Cheng C J,Wang J F,Zhang H Q,et al.Research progress in ANAMMOX wastewater treatment system and its actual application[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2014,23(3):521-527.
[10]张婷,吴鹏,沈耀良,等.CSTR和MBR反应器的短程硝化快速启动[J].环境科学,2017,38(8):3399-3405.Zhang T,Wu P,Shen Y L,et al.Fast start-up of shortcut nitrification in a CSTR and an MBR[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(8):3399-3405.
[11]闾刚,徐乐中,沈耀良,等.快速启动厌氧氨氧化工艺[J].环境科学,2017,38(3):1116-1121.Lv G,Xu L Z,Shen Y L,et al.Quick start-up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(3):1116-1121.
[12]Kartal B,Kuenen J G,Van Loosdrecht M C M.Sewage treatment with ANAMMOX[J].Science,2010,328(5979):702-703.
[13]马富国,张树军,曹相生,等.部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化耦合工艺处理污泥脱水液[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(2):219-224.Ma F G,Zhang S J,Cao X S,et al.Coupling process of partial nitrification and ANAMMOX for treatment of sludge liquor[J].China Environmental Science,2009,29(2):219-224.
[14]Han D W,Chang J S,Kim D J.Nitrifying microbial community analysis of nitrite accumulating biofilm reactor by fluorescence in situ hybridization[J].Water Science&Technology,2003,47(1):97-104.
[15]李田,魏凡凯,汪裕昌,等.长期储存亚硝化絮状污泥活性的恢复[J].环境科学,2018,39(9):4310-4316.Li T,Wei F K,Wang Y C,et al.Reactivation performance of nitrosation flocculent sludge after long-term storage[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(9):4310-4316.
[16]韩晓宇,张树军,甘一萍,等.以FA与FNA为控制因子的短程硝化启动与维持[J].环境科学,2009,30(3):809-814.Han X Y,Zhang S J,Gan Y P,et al.Start up and maintain of nitritation by the inhibition of FA and FNA[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(3):809-814.
[17]Vadivelu V M,Keller J,Yuan Z.Stoichiometric and kinetic characterisation of Nitrosomonas sp.in mixed culture by decoupling the growth and energy generation processes[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2006,94(6):342-356.
[18]Winkler M K H,Bassin J P,Kleerebezem R,et al.Selective sludge removal in a segregated aerobic granular biomass system as a strategy to control PAO-GAO competition at high temperatures[J].Water Research,2011,45(11):3291-3299.
[19]Strous M,Heijnen J J,Kuenen J G,et al.The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1998,50(5):589-596.
[20]闾刚,徐乐中,沈耀良,等.基质比对ABR厌氧氨氧化工艺脱氮性能的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(5):2006-2011.Lv G,Xu L Z,Shen Y L,et al.Effect of substrate ratio on nitrogen removal performance of ANAMMOX in ABR[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(5):2006-2011.
[21]汪瑶琪,喻徐良,陈重军,等.有机物对厌氧氨氧化菌活性影响研究进展[J].化学通报,2017,80(2):173-178.Wang Y Q,Yu X L,Cheng C J,et al.Research progress in influence of organic matter on anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction[J].Chemistry,2017,80(2):173-178.
[22]Tomar S,Gupta S K,Mishra B K.A novel strategy for simultaneous removal of nitrogen and organic matter using anaerobic granular sludge in ANAMMOX hybrid reactor[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,197:171-177.
[23]操沈彬,王淑莹,吴程程,等.有机物对厌氧氨氧化系统的冲击影响[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(12):2164-2169.Cao S B,Wang S Y,Wu C C,et al.Shock effect of organic matters on anaerobic ammonia oxidation system[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(12):2164-2169.
[24]Shu D T,He Y L,Yue H,et al.Metagenomic insights into the effects of volatile fatty acids on microbial community structures and functional genes in organotrophic ANAMMOX process[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,196:621-633.
[25]Ma J X,Wang Z W,Yang Y,et al.Correlating microbial community structure and composition with aeration intensity in submerged membrane bioreactors by 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing[J].Water Research,2013,47(2):859-869.
[26]郑林雪,李军,胡家玮,等.同步硝化反硝化系统中反硝化细菌多样性研究[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(1):116-121.Zheng L X,Li J,Hu J W,et al.Analysis of denitrifying bacteria community composition in simultaneous nitrification and denitrification systems[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(1):116-121.
[27]侯保连,李安婕,孙趣.AHLs群体感应信号分子对硝化污泥附着生长及硝化效果的影响[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(9):2773-2779.Hou B L,Li A J,Sun Q.The effect of N-acy-homoserine lactones mediated quorum-sensing on the adhesion growth and nitrification of nitrifying sludge[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(9):2773-2779.