江西省电线积冰特征及温度层结分析
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摘要
利用1970—2010年江西省16个气象站电线积冰监测资料和对应时段周边探空数据,将江西省分为赣北、赣中、赣南,分区合成分析江西省电线积冰特征和温度层结特征,主要结论如下:(1)江西省电线积冰日数逐年减少,90年代以后维持较低水平;(2)全省以雨凇型积冰为主,且赣北、赣中发生较为频繁;(3)赣北雨凇过后容易出现雾凇现象,造成持续电线积冰;(4)赣北、赣中雨凇型积冰温度层结符合"3层模型",融化层平均温度为1.5℃,800~900hPa为较强逆温层;赣南则类似于"1层模型",温度层结存在变化,但整层维持在0℃以下。
Using the observation data of wires icing in 16 meteorological stations and surrounding radiosonde stations from 1970 to 2010,we divide Jiangxi Province into north,middle and south zones,and use the composite method to analyze the characteristics of wire icing and temperature stratification in Jiangxi Province.The results indicate:(1)Jiangxi's wire icing days are reducing year by year,and maintain a low level after the 1990 s.(2)Rain-rime wire icing is common in Jiangxi Province,more frequent in the northern and central Jiangxi.(3)For the northern Jiangxi,fog rime is more liable to happen after rain rime,causing continuous wire icing.(4)Temperature stratification of rain-rime wire icing accords with the Three-Tiers model in the northern and central Jiangxi.The average melting-layer temperature is 1.5℃,and the strong inversion layer is between 800 and 900 hPa.The southern Jiangxi is similar to the One-Tier model,with the whole level of temperature below 0 ℃.
Using the observation data of wires icing in 16 meteorological stations and surrounding radiosonde stations from 1970 to 2010,we divide Jiangxi Province into north,middle and south zones,and use the composite method to analyze the characteristics of wire icing and temperature stratification in Jiangxi Province.The results indicate:(1)Jiangxi's wire icing days are reducing year by year,and maintain a low level after the 1990 s.(2)Rain-rime wire icing is common in Jiangxi Province,more frequent in the northern and central Jiangxi.(3)For the northern Jiangxi,fog rime is more liable to happen after rain rime,causing continuous wire icing.(4)Temperature stratification of rain-rime wire icing accords with the Three-Tiers model in the northern and central Jiangxi.The average melting-layer temperature is 1.5℃,and the strong inversion layer is between 800 and 900 hPa.The southern Jiangxi is similar to the One-Tier model,with the whole level of temperature below 0 ℃.
引文
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[2]王怀清,彭静,赵冠男.近50年江西省雨凇过程气候特征分析[J].气象科技,2009,37(3):311-314.
[3]王遵娅,赵珊珊,张强.我国冰冻日出现的气象条件分析及其判别模型[J].高原气象,2011,30(1):158-163.
[4]周悦,牛生杰,吕晶晶,等.基于高压输电线路实时观测的电线积冰条件[J].科学通报,2012,57(4):276-281.
[5]贾然,牛生杰,李蕊.鄂西电线积冰微物理观测研究[J].气象科学,2010,30(4):481-486.
[6]牛生杰,周悦,贾然,等.电线积冰微物理机制初步研究:观测和模拟[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011(12):1812-1821.
[7]蒋兴良,易辉.输电线路覆冰及防护[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002,192.
[8]Stewart R E.Precipitation types in winter storms[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1985,123(4):597-609.
[9]郑劲光,吴琼,刘熙明.江西省冻雨气候概况和环流特征[J].气象与减灾研究,2009,32(4):45-49.
[10]李登文,杨静,吴兴洋.2008年低温冰冻雨雪灾害天气过程中贵州电线积冰气象条件分析[J].气象,2011,37(2):161-169.
[11]吴古会,彭芳,崔庭,等.2011年冬季贵州低温雨雪冰冻天气的成因分析[J].气象,2012,38(3):291-299.
[12]陈百炼,吴战平,张艳梅,等.贵州冬季电线积冰及其天气成因分析[J].气象,2014,40(3):355-363.
[13]赵美艳,徐海明.2008年初南方冰雪天气逆温层特征及其维持机制[J].气象科学,2010,30(6):814-821.
[14]张峻,王海军.我国南方冰冻天气过程低空逆温层特征[J].气象科技,2013,41(1):103-107.