就地生成宇宙成因核素年龄计算模式应用
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摘要
就地生成宇宙成因核素测年是被广泛应用于地貌面和地表过程研究测年的新兴手段,相较传统年代学方法具有独特的优势,近年来得到国际上众多地学工作者的认可和应用。然而多数国内学者对其年龄计算模式缺乏深入理解,限制了其在实践中的应用。通过阐述目前已被国际学者普遍认可的四种计算模式,对比分析了不同模式间的差异,评价了每种模式的独特优势和应用领域,以使初学者和尝试应用宇宙成因核素测年的研究者在实践中能够合理应用相应的计算模式,最终获得较可靠的年代结果。
In-situ cosmogenic nuclides dating is a newly developed method, which is used for age of geomorphological surface and earth surface processing. Due to its unique advantages, the method has been received worldwide recognition and application. Using to geological dating is refined in native. Since most domestic researchers lack a deep understanding of the age calculating model. Four calculating models are described, which have been widely accepted by foreign researchers. In order to using suitable model get reliable ages by those, who are beginners and the researchers that attempt to apply the in-situ cosmogenic nuclides dating. The difference of these models were compared and analysed. The unique advantages and application fields of each model are evaluated.
In-situ cosmogenic nuclides dating is a newly developed method, which is used for age of geomorphological surface and earth surface processing. Due to its unique advantages, the method has been received worldwide recognition and application. Using to geological dating is refined in native. Since most domestic researchers lack a deep understanding of the age calculating model. Four calculating models are described, which have been widely accepted by foreign researchers. In order to using suitable model get reliable ages by those, who are beginners and the researchers that attempt to apply the in-situ cosmogenic nuclides dating. The difference of these models were compared and analysed. The unique advantages and application fields of each model are evaluated.
引文
陈清敏,张丽,王喆,罗乾周,蔺新望,张俊良,任娟刚.2018.汉中大佛洞宇宙成因核素26Al/10Be埋藏年龄.地球环境学报,9(1):38～44.
陈艺鑫,李英奎,张梅,张敬春,刘耕年.2011.昆仑山垭口地区“望昆冰期”冰碛宇宙成因核素10Be测年.冰川冻土,33(1):101～109.
孔屏.2002.宇宙成因核素在地球科学中的应用.地学前缘,9(3):41～48.
吕延武,顾兆炎,Aldahan A,张虎才,Possnert G.2010.内蒙古额济纳盆地戈壁10Be暴露年龄与洪积作用的演化.科学通报,55(27～28):2719～2727.
许刘兵,周尚哲.2006.宇宙成因核素测年方法及其在地球科学中的应用.冰川冻土,28(4):577～585.
袁兆德,陈杰,张会平.2011.宇宙成因核素埋藏年龄测定及其在地球科学中的应用.地震地质,33(2):480～489.
张志刚,王建,徐孝彬,赵志军,白世彪.2013.暴露时间对利用原地生宇生核素估算至大侵蚀速率的影响.地质论评,59(5):924～932.
张志刚,徐孝彬,王建,白世彪,常直杨.2014.青藏高原地区宇生核素暴露年代数据存在问题探讨.地质论评,60(6):1359～1369.
张志刚,王建,张梦媛,梅静.2017.冰碛垄表面碎屑物质宇生核素暴露测年可行性研究.地质论评,63(6):1576～1584.
张志刚,梅静,张梦媛,王立志.2018.蒙山国家地质公园拦马墙砾石堆积体暴露测年研究.地质论评,64(5):1217～1224.
周尚哲,许刘兵,Patrick M C,David M M,王孝理,王杰,钟巍.2007.古乡冰期和白玉冰期的宇宙成因核素10Be定年.科学通报,52(8):945～950.
Anderson R S,Repka J L,Dick G S.1996.Explicit treatment of inheritance in dating depositional surfaces using in situ10Be and 26Al.Geology,24(1):47～51.
Balco G,Rovey C W.2008.An isochron method for cosmogenic-nuclide dating of buried soils and sediments.American Journal of Science,308(10):1083～1114.
Balco G,Stone J O,Lifton N A,Dunai T J.2008.A complete and easily accessible means of calculating surface exposure ages or erosion rates from10Be and 26Al measurements.Quaternary Geochronology,3(3):174～195.
Barnard P L,Owen L A,Sharma M C,Finkel R C.2001.Natural and human-induced landsliding in the Garhwal Himalaya of northern India.Geomorphology,40(1～2):21～35.
Beer J,McCracken K,Steiger R.2012.Cosmogenic radionuclides:theory and applications in the terrestrial and space environments.Springer Science & Business Media.
Bell J W,Brune J N,Liu T Z,Zreda M,Yount J C.1998.Dating precariously balanced rocks in seismically active parts of California and Nevada.Geology,26(6):495～498.
Bender A M,Amos C B,Bierman P,Rood D H,Staisch L,Kelsey H,Sherrod B.2016.Differential uplift and incision of the Yakima River terraces,central Washington State.Journal of Geophysical Research——Solid Earth,121(1):365～384.
Bierman P R.1994.Using in-situ produced cosmogenic isotopes to estimate rates of landscape evolution:a review from the geomorphic perspective.Journal of Geophysical Research——Solid Earth,99(B7):13885～13896.
Brook E J,Brown E T,Kurz M D,Ackert R P,Raisbeck G M,Yiou F.1995.Constraints on age,erosion,and uplift of Neogene glacial deposits in the Transantarctic Mountains determined from in situ cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al.Geology,23(12):1063～1,066.
Burbank D W,Leland J,Fielding E,Anderson R S,Brozovic N,Reid M R,Duncan C.1996.Bedrock incision,rock uplift and threshold hillslopes in the northwestern Himalayas.Nature,379:505～510.
Cerling T E,Craig H.1994.Geomorphology and in-situ cosmogenic isotopes.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,22(1):273～317.
Cerling T E,Webb R H,Poreda R J,Rigby A D,Melis T S.1999.Cosmogenic 3He ages and frequency of late Holocene debris flows from Prospect Canyon,Grand Canyon,USA.Geomorphology,27(1～2):93～111.
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Chen Yixin,Li Yingkui,Zhang Mei,Zhang Jingchun,Liu Gengnian.2011&.Terrestrial Cosmogenic Nuclide 10Be Exposure Ages of the Samples from Wangkun Till in the Kunlun Pass.Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,33(1):101～109.
Chmeleff J,von Blanckenburg F,Kossert K,Jakob D.2010.Determination of the 10Be half-life by multicollector ICP-MS and liquid scintillation counting.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,268(2):192～199.
Craig H,Poreda R.1986.Cosmogenic3He in terrestrial rocks:The summit lavas of Maui.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,83(7):1970～1974.
Davis R,Schaeffer O A.1955.Chlorine‐36 in nature.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,62(1):107～121.
Desilets D,Zreda M,Prabu T.2006.Extended scaling factors for in situ cosmogenic nuclides:new measurements at low latitude.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,246(3～4):265～276.
Desilets D,Zreda M.2003.Spatial and temporal distribution of secondary cosmic-ray nucleon intensities and applications to in situ cosmogenic dating.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,206(1～2):21～42.
Dunai T J.2010.Cosmogenic Nuclides:Principles,Concepts and Applications in the Earth Surface Sciences.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Dunai T J.2000.Scaling factors for production rates of in situ produced cosmogenic nuclides:a critical reevaluation.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,176(1):157～169.
Gosse J C,Klein J,Evenson E B,Lawn B,Middleton R.1995.Beryllium-10 dating of the duration and retreat of the last Pinedale glacial sequence.Science,268(5215):1329～1333.
Gosse J C,Phillips F M.2001.Terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides:theory and application.Quaternary Science Reviews,20(14):1475～1560.
Hancock G S,Anderson R S,Chadwick O A,Finkel R C.1999.Dating fluvial terraces with10Be and 26Al profiles:Application to the Wind River,Wyoming.Geomorphology,27(1～2):41～60.
Hidy A J,Gosse J C,Pederson J L,Mattern J P,Finkel R C.2010.A geologically constrained Monte Carlo approach to modeling exposure ages from profiles of cosmogenic nuclides:An example from Lees Ferry,Arizona.Geochemistry,Geophysics,Geosystems,11(9).
Kong Ping,Na Chunguang,Fink David,Zhao Xitao,Xiao Wei.2009&.Moraine dam related to late Quaternary glaciation in the Yulong Mountains,southwest China,and impacts on the Jinsha River.Quaternary Science Reviews,28(27～28):3224～3235.
Korschinek G,Bergmaier A,Faestermann T,Gerstmann U C,Knie K,Rugel G,Wallner A,Dillmann I,Dollinger G,Lierse von Gostomski C,Kossert K,Maiti M,Poutivtsev M,Remmert A.2010.A new value for the half-life of 10Be by heavy-ion elastic recoil detection and liquid scintillation counting.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,268(2):187～191.
Lal D.1991.Cosmic ray labeling of erosion surfaces:in situ nuclide production rates and erosion models.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,104(2～4):424～439.
Leland J,Reid M R,Burbank D W,Finkel R,Caffee M.1998.Incision and differential bedrock uplift along the Indus River near Nanga Parbat,Pakistan Himalaya,from 10Be and 26Al exposure age dating of bedrock straths.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,154(1～4):93～107.
Liu Xiaohan,Huang Feixin,Kong Ping,Fang Aimin,Li Xiaoli,Ju Yitai.2010.History of ice sheet elevation in East Antarctica:Paleoclimatic implications.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,290(3～4):281～288.
L■ Yanwu,Gu Zhaoyan,Aldahan Ala,Zhang Hucai,Possnert Goran.2010&.10Be in quartz gravel from the Gobi Desert and evolutionary history of alluvial sedimentation in the Ejina Basin,Inner Mongolia,China.Chinese Science Bulletin,55(27～28):2719～2727.
Ma X Z,Li Y K,Bourgeois M,Caffee M,Elmore D,Granger D,Muzikar P,Smith P.2007.WebCN:A web-based computation tool for in situ-produced cosmogenic nuclides.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B,259(1):646～652.
Martin L C P,Blard P H,Balco G,Lavé J,Delunel R,Lifton N,Laurent V.2017.The CREp program and the ICE—D production rate calibration database:A fully parameterizable and updated online tool to compute cosmic-ray exposure ages.Quaternary Geochronology,38:25～49.
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Zhang Zhigang,Wang Jian,Zhang Mengyuan,Mei Jing.2017&.The study of cosmogenic nuclides exposure dating for the debris material on the moraine surface.Geological Review,63(6):1576～1584.
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孔屏.2002.宇宙成因核素在地球科学中的应用.地学前缘,9(3):41～48.
吕延武,顾兆炎,Aldahan A,张虎才,Possnert G.2010.内蒙古额济纳盆地戈壁10Be暴露年龄与洪积作用的演化.科学通报,55(27～28):2719～2727.
许刘兵,周尚哲.2006.宇宙成因核素测年方法及其在地球科学中的应用.冰川冻土,28(4):577～585.
袁兆德,陈杰,张会平.2011.宇宙成因核素埋藏年龄测定及其在地球科学中的应用.地震地质,33(2):480～489.
张志刚,王建,徐孝彬,赵志军,白世彪.2013.暴露时间对利用原地生宇生核素估算至大侵蚀速率的影响.地质论评,59(5):924～932.
张志刚,徐孝彬,王建,白世彪,常直杨.2014.青藏高原地区宇生核素暴露年代数据存在问题探讨.地质论评,60(6):1359～1369.
张志刚,王建,张梦媛,梅静.2017.冰碛垄表面碎屑物质宇生核素暴露测年可行性研究.地质论评,63(6):1576～1584.
张志刚,梅静,张梦媛,王立志.2018.蒙山国家地质公园拦马墙砾石堆积体暴露测年研究.地质论评,64(5):1217～1224.
周尚哲,许刘兵,Patrick M C,David M M,王孝理,王杰,钟巍.2007.古乡冰期和白玉冰期的宇宙成因核素10Be定年.科学通报,52(8):945～950.
Anderson R S,Repka J L,Dick G S.1996.Explicit treatment of inheritance in dating depositional surfaces using in situ10Be and 26Al.Geology,24(1):47～51.
Balco G,Rovey C W.2008.An isochron method for cosmogenic-nuclide dating of buried soils and sediments.American Journal of Science,308(10):1083～1114.
Balco G,Stone J O,Lifton N A,Dunai T J.2008.A complete and easily accessible means of calculating surface exposure ages or erosion rates from10Be and 26Al measurements.Quaternary Geochronology,3(3):174～195.
Barnard P L,Owen L A,Sharma M C,Finkel R C.2001.Natural and human-induced landsliding in the Garhwal Himalaya of northern India.Geomorphology,40(1～2):21～35.
Beer J,McCracken K,Steiger R.2012.Cosmogenic radionuclides:theory and applications in the terrestrial and space environments.Springer Science & Business Media.
Bell J W,Brune J N,Liu T Z,Zreda M,Yount J C.1998.Dating precariously balanced rocks in seismically active parts of California and Nevada.Geology,26(6):495～498.
Bender A M,Amos C B,Bierman P,Rood D H,Staisch L,Kelsey H,Sherrod B.2016.Differential uplift and incision of the Yakima River terraces,central Washington State.Journal of Geophysical Research——Solid Earth,121(1):365～384.
Bierman P R.1994.Using in-situ produced cosmogenic isotopes to estimate rates of landscape evolution:a review from the geomorphic perspective.Journal of Geophysical Research——Solid Earth,99(B7):13885～13896.
Brook E J,Brown E T,Kurz M D,Ackert R P,Raisbeck G M,Yiou F.1995.Constraints on age,erosion,and uplift of Neogene glacial deposits in the Transantarctic Mountains determined from in situ cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al.Geology,23(12):1063～1,066.
Burbank D W,Leland J,Fielding E,Anderson R S,Brozovic N,Reid M R,Duncan C.1996.Bedrock incision,rock uplift and threshold hillslopes in the northwestern Himalayas.Nature,379:505～510.
Cerling T E,Craig H.1994.Geomorphology and in-situ cosmogenic isotopes.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,22(1):273～317.
Cerling T E,Webb R H,Poreda R J,Rigby A D,Melis T S.1999.Cosmogenic 3He ages and frequency of late Holocene debris flows from Prospect Canyon,Grand Canyon,USA.Geomorphology,27(1～2):93～111.
Chen Qingmin,Zhang Li,Wang Zhe,Luo Kunzhou,Lin Xinwang,Zhang Junliang,Ren Juangang.2018&.Cosmogenic nuclides 26Al/10Be burial ages of Dafo Cave in Hanzhong,Shaanxi,China.Journal of Earth Environment,9(1):38～44.
Chen Yixin,Li Yingkui,Zhang Mei,Zhang Jingchun,Liu Gengnian.2011&.Terrestrial Cosmogenic Nuclide 10Be Exposure Ages of the Samples from Wangkun Till in the Kunlun Pass.Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,33(1):101～109.
Chmeleff J,von Blanckenburg F,Kossert K,Jakob D.2010.Determination of the 10Be half-life by multicollector ICP-MS and liquid scintillation counting.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,268(2):192～199.
Craig H,Poreda R.1986.Cosmogenic3He in terrestrial rocks:The summit lavas of Maui.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,83(7):1970～1974.
Davis R,Schaeffer O A.1955.Chlorine‐36 in nature.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,62(1):107～121.
Desilets D,Zreda M,Prabu T.2006.Extended scaling factors for in situ cosmogenic nuclides:new measurements at low latitude.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,246(3～4):265～276.
Desilets D,Zreda M.2003.Spatial and temporal distribution of secondary cosmic-ray nucleon intensities and applications to in situ cosmogenic dating.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,206(1～2):21～42.
Dunai T J.2010.Cosmogenic Nuclides:Principles,Concepts and Applications in the Earth Surface Sciences.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Dunai T J.2000.Scaling factors for production rates of in situ produced cosmogenic nuclides:a critical reevaluation.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,176(1):157～169.
Gosse J C,Klein J,Evenson E B,Lawn B,Middleton R.1995.Beryllium-10 dating of the duration and retreat of the last Pinedale glacial sequence.Science,268(5215):1329～1333.
Gosse J C,Phillips F M.2001.Terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides:theory and application.Quaternary Science Reviews,20(14):1475～1560.
Hancock G S,Anderson R S,Chadwick O A,Finkel R C.1999.Dating fluvial terraces with10Be and 26Al profiles:Application to the Wind River,Wyoming.Geomorphology,27(1～2):41～60.
Hidy A J,Gosse J C,Pederson J L,Mattern J P,Finkel R C.2010.A geologically constrained Monte Carlo approach to modeling exposure ages from profiles of cosmogenic nuclides:An example from Lees Ferry,Arizona.Geochemistry,Geophysics,Geosystems,11(9).
Kong Ping,Na Chunguang,Fink David,Zhao Xitao,Xiao Wei.2009&.Moraine dam related to late Quaternary glaciation in the Yulong Mountains,southwest China,and impacts on the Jinsha River.Quaternary Science Reviews,28(27～28):3224～3235.
Korschinek G,Bergmaier A,Faestermann T,Gerstmann U C,Knie K,Rugel G,Wallner A,Dillmann I,Dollinger G,Lierse von Gostomski C,Kossert K,Maiti M,Poutivtsev M,Remmert A.2010.A new value for the half-life of 10Be by heavy-ion elastic recoil detection and liquid scintillation counting.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,268(2):187～191.
Lal D.1991.Cosmic ray labeling of erosion surfaces:in situ nuclide production rates and erosion models.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,104(2～4):424～439.
Leland J,Reid M R,Burbank D W,Finkel R,Caffee M.1998.Incision and differential bedrock uplift along the Indus River near Nanga Parbat,Pakistan Himalaya,from 10Be and 26Al exposure age dating of bedrock straths.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,154(1～4):93～107.
Liu Xiaohan,Huang Feixin,Kong Ping,Fang Aimin,Li Xiaoli,Ju Yitai.2010.History of ice sheet elevation in East Antarctica:Paleoclimatic implications.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,290(3～4):281～288.
L■ Yanwu,Gu Zhaoyan,Aldahan Ala,Zhang Hucai,Possnert Goran.2010&.10Be in quartz gravel from the Gobi Desert and evolutionary history of alluvial sedimentation in the Ejina Basin,Inner Mongolia,China.Chinese Science Bulletin,55(27～28):2719～2727.
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