三角鲂×翘嘴鲌、团头鲂×翘嘴鲌两种杂交后代微卫星遗传结构分析
|
摘要
为了指导三角鲂(Megalobrama terminalis)、团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)与翘嘴鲌(Erythroculterilishaeformis)的杂交育种工作,利用筛选出的16对微卫星引物,比较分析了团头鲂、三角鲂、翘嘴鲌、团头鲂♀×翘嘴鲌♂、三角鲂♀×翘嘴鲌♂后代群体的遗传结构;结果显示,平均等位基因数(Na)分别为3.56、3.63、3.44、4.00和4.31,平均观测杂合度(Ho)分别为0.3510、0.3757、0.3175、0.3818和0.4079,平均期望杂合度(He)分别为0.6182、0.6290、0.5921、0.6490和0.6825,平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.5354、0.5367、0.5258、0.5785和0.6067。杂交群体的平均多态信息含量均大于他们的亲本团头鲂、三角鲂和翘嘴鲌,表明杂交亲群体的遗传多样性较高。聚类分析显示团头鲂与三角鲂首先聚类,团头鲂♀×翘嘴鲌♂与三角鲂♀×翘嘴鲌♂首先聚类,然后这2大类聚为一支,最后与翘嘴鲌聚类。其中团头鲂与翘嘴鲌遗传距离最远,为0.5204,团头鲂和三角鲂遗传距离最近,为0.0853,结合遗传相似度分析表明2种杂交子代均具有母本效应。基因型分析表明,2种杂交后代的等位基因均来自于父母本。引物TTF3、TTF4、TTF10以及Mam25在5个群体中均可产生特异性条带,可区分5个群体。研究结果对三角鲂×翘嘴鲌和团头鲂×翘嘴鲌的良种选育、种质资源保存以及种群鉴定具有重要意义。
To guide breeding of Megalobrama terminalis,Megalobrama amblycephala and Erythroculter ilishaeformis,two hybrids Megalobrama amblycephala×Erythroculter ilishaeformis,Megalobrama terminalis×Erythroculter ilishaeformis and their parents were analyzed using sixteen microsatellite markers.The mean value of number of alleles(Na)were 3.56,3.63,3.44,4.00 and 4.31,respectively.The mean value of observed heterozygosity(Ho) were 0.3510,0.3757,0.3175,0.3818,and 0.4079,respectively.The mean value of expected heterozygosity(He) were 0.6182,0.6290,0.5921,0.6490 and 0.6825,respectively.And the average value of polymorphism information content(PIC) were0.5354,0.5367,0.5258,0.5785,and 0.6067,respectively.The average value of polymorphism information content(PIC) of two hybrid population were higher than their parent Megalobrama amblycephala,Megalobrama terminalis and Erythroculter ilishaeformis,indicating a high genetic diversity.The unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means(UPGMA) showed that populations of the Megalobrama amblycephala and Megalobrama terminalis first grouped together,and that Megalobrama amblycephala♀×Erythroculter ilishaeformis♂ and Megalobrama terminalis♀×Erythroculter ilishaeformis♂ first grouped together,and then they clustered with the Erythroculter ilishaeformis.In addition,the farthest genetic distance(0.5204) was between Megalobrama amblycephala and Erythroculter ilishaeformis,and the nearest genetic distance(0.0853) was between Megalobrama amblycephala and Megalobrama terminalis.According to the genetic identity analysis,two hybirds groups showed the maternal effect.The alleles of two hybirds were from their parents based on genetic analysis.Particularly,microsatellite primers TTF3,TTF4,TTF10,and Mam25 identified 5 groups.Our results provide important value in breeding,germplasm resources preservation,and germplasm identification of Megalobrama terminalis×Erythroculter ilishaeformis and Megalobrama amblycephala×Erythroculter ilishaeformis.
To guide breeding of Megalobrama terminalis,Megalobrama amblycephala and Erythroculter ilishaeformis,two hybrids Megalobrama amblycephala×Erythroculter ilishaeformis,Megalobrama terminalis×Erythroculter ilishaeformis and their parents were analyzed using sixteen microsatellite markers.The mean value of number of alleles(Na)were 3.56,3.63,3.44,4.00 and 4.31,respectively.The mean value of observed heterozygosity(Ho) were 0.3510,0.3757,0.3175,0.3818,and 0.4079,respectively.The mean value of expected heterozygosity(He) were 0.6182,0.6290,0.5921,0.6490 and 0.6825,respectively.And the average value of polymorphism information content(PIC) were0.5354,0.5367,0.5258,0.5785,and 0.6067,respectively.The average value of polymorphism information content(PIC) of two hybrid population were higher than their parent Megalobrama amblycephala,Megalobrama terminalis and Erythroculter ilishaeformis,indicating a high genetic diversity.The unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means(UPGMA) showed that populations of the Megalobrama amblycephala and Megalobrama terminalis first grouped together,and that Megalobrama amblycephala♀×Erythroculter ilishaeformis♂ and Megalobrama terminalis♀×Erythroculter ilishaeformis♂ first grouped together,and then they clustered with the Erythroculter ilishaeformis.In addition,the farthest genetic distance(0.5204) was between Megalobrama amblycephala and Erythroculter ilishaeformis,and the nearest genetic distance(0.0853) was between Megalobrama amblycephala and Megalobrama terminalis.According to the genetic identity analysis,two hybirds groups showed the maternal effect.The alleles of two hybirds were from their parents based on genetic analysis.Particularly,microsatellite primers TTF3,TTF4,TTF10,and Mam25 identified 5 groups.Our results provide important value in breeding,germplasm resources preservation,and germplasm identification of Megalobrama terminalis×Erythroculter ilishaeformis and Megalobrama amblycephala×Erythroculter ilishaeformis.
引文
[1]Lou Y D,Li X Q.Distant hybridization of fish and its application in aquaculture in China[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2006,13(1):151-158[楼允东,李小勤.中国鱼类远缘杂交研究及其在水产养殖上的应用.中国水产科学,2006,13(1):151-158]
[2]Zheng G D,Wang C L,Guo D D,et al.Ploidy level and performance in meiotic gynogenetic offsprings of grass carp using UV-irradiated blunt snout bream sperm[J].Aquaculture and Fisheries,2017,2:213-219
[3]Lin Y H.A comparative of the karyotypes in Chinese bream,Herbivorous bream and their hybrid[J].Zoological Research,1984,5(3):65-67[林义浩.长春蝙、团头鲂及其杂种染色体组型的比较.动物学研究,1984,5(3):65-67]
[4]Ge L R.The Biological charaeteristics and genetic analysis of the Fl hybrid of Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)×Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)[D].Changsha:Hunan Normal University.2011[葛瑞玲.团头鲂(♀)×翘嘴红鲌(♂)杂交F1的生物学特征及遗传分析.长沙:湖南师范大学.2011]
[5]Jin W K,Yang J X,Gao Y P,et al.The rate of flesh content,nutrient composition and the amino acid content of Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)×Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2006,36(1):50-52[金万昆,杨建新,高永平,等.团头鲂(♀)×翘嘴红鲌(♂)杂种F1的含肉率、肌肉营养成分及氨基酸含量.淡水渔业,2006,36(1):50-52]
[6]Biology,Shanxi University,Taiyuan Agriculture and Forestry Water Service Station.Preliminary study on artificial hybridization of bream[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1973,(5):6-9[山西大学生物系,太原市农林水利服务站.鳊鲂人工杂交的初步研究.淡水渔业科技动态,1973,(5):6-9]
[7]Gu Z M,Jia Y Y,Ye J Y,et al.Studies on morphological characteristics and genetic analysis of the hybrid F1Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)×Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2008,32(4):533-543[顾志敏,贾永义,叶金云,等.翘嘴红鲌(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂种F1的形态特征及遗传分析.水产学报,2008,32(4):533-543]
[8]Zheng G D,Zhang Q Q,Li F G,et al.Genetic characteristics and growth performance of different Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)×Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)hybrids[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2015,22(3):402-409[郑国栋,张倩倩,李福贵,等.团头鲂(♀)×翘嘴鲌(♂)杂交后代的遗传特征及生长差异.中国水产科学,2015,22(3):402-409]
[9]Ma H J,Liu X T,Huang H,et al.Comparative analysis on the composition and composition pattern of essential amino acids in muscle of crossbreed F1[Megalobrama terminalis(♀)×Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)]and its parents[J].Journal of Fisheries Research,2016,38(4):281-287[马恒甲,刘新轶,黄辉,等.三角鲂(♀)×翘嘴红鲌(♂)F1及其亲本肌肉成分与必需氨基酸组成模式的比较分析.渔业研究,2016,38(4):281-287]
[10]Li S F.Introduction of improved varieties of fish No.1 Pujiang Megalobrama amblycephala[J].China Fisheries,2001,(11):52[李思发.鱼类良种介绍团头鲂浦江1号.中国水产,2001,(11):52]
[11]Tang S J,Li S F,Cai W Q.Development of microsatellite markers for blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala using 5′-anchored PCR[J].Molecular Ecology Resources,2009,9(3):971-974
[12]Li W T,Liao X L,Yu X M,et al.Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in Wuchang bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)[J].Molecular Ecology Notes,2007,7(5):771-773
[13]Gao Z X,Luo W,Liu H,et al.Transcriptome analysis and SSR/SNP markers information of the blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)[J].PLoS One,2012,7(8):e42637
[14]Zhang Q Q,Chen J,Jiang X Y,et al.Establishment of DNA fingerprinting and analysis on genetic structure of different Parabramis and Megalobrama populations with microsatellite[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(1):15-22[张倩倩,陈杰,蒋霞云,等.不同鳊鲂鱼类群体微卫星DNA指纹图谱的构建和遗传结构分.水产学报,2014,38(1):15-22]
[15]Gao D,Du F,Zhu Y Y.Low-background and high-resolution contracted silver-stained method in polyacrylamide gels electrophoresis[J].Hereditas(Beijing),2009,31(6):668-673
[16]Wu X D,Lian Z Q,Hou Y X,et al.Application analysis of microsatellite makers from Silurus meriaionals on three species of siluriformes[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2011,35(4):638-645[吴旭东,连总强,侯玉霞,等.大口鲇微卫星标记在三个鲇形目鱼类种群间适用性研究.水生生物学报,2011,35(4):638-645]
[17]Yu D M,Ma H T,Sun X W.Genetic diversity in three rainbow trout populations as revealed by microsatellite markers[J].Journal of Zoology,2007,42(4):8-14[于冬梅,马海涛,孙效文.三个虹鳟养殖群体遗传结构的微卫星分析.动物学杂志,2007,42(4):8-14]
[18]Lou Y D.Fish Breeding[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.2001[楼允东.鱼类育种学.北京:中国农业出版社.2001]
[19]Beijing Fisheries Station.Preliminary summary of introduction and hybridization of fish[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1973,(3):15-18[北京市水产实验站.鱼类引种和杂交实验的初步总结.淡水渔业,1973,(3):15-18]
[20]Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute.The hybrids of grass carp and Wuchang fish[J].Today Sciences and Technology,1972,(20):42-43[长江水产研究所.草鱼和武昌鱼杂交种.今日科技,1972,(20):42-43]
[21]Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute.Preliminary study on several kinds of economic fish and their hybrid chromosomes[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1975,(2):11-13[长江水产研究所.几种经济鱼类及其杂种染色体的初步研究.淡水渔业,1975,(2):11-13]
[22]Liu S Y.Studies on cytogenetics of Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Megalobrama terminalis and their triploid F1 hybird[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1987,11(1):52-58[刘思阳.三倍体草鲂杂种及其双亲的细胞遗传学研究.水生生物学报,1987,11(1):52-58]
[23]Liu S Y,Li S W.On the Erythrocyte nucleus size and DNA contents of Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Megalobrama terminalis and their triploid F1 hybird[J].Journal of Genetics,1987,(2):62-68[刘思阳,李素文.三倍体草鲂杂种及其双亲的红细胞(核)大小和DNA含量.遗传学报,1987,(2):62-68]
[24]Pan G B.Preliminary study on hybrid of silver carp and bream[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1987,1(1):17-19[潘光碧.鲢鲂杂交鱼的初步研究.淡水渔业,1987,1(1):17-19]
[25]Zhu L F,Gui J F,Liang S C,et al.Isozyme expression of distant hybridization offspring andartificial triploid in silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1993,17(4):293-297[朱蓝菲,桂建芳,梁绍昌,等.鲢的远缘杂交子代和人工三倍体的同工酶表达.水生生物学报,1993,17(4):293-297]
[26]Jin W K,Yang J X,Zhao Y S,et al.Compare the gonadal tissue of hybrid F1 of Cyprinus carpio var.specularis(♀)and Megalobrama amblycephala(♂)with parent[J].China Fisheries,2005,(7):63-65[金万昆,杨建新,赵宜双,等.框鳞镜鲤♀×团头鲂♂杂种F1与亲本性腺组织学比较研究.中国水产,2005,(7):63-65]
[27]Jin W K,Zhu Z X,Wang C Y,et al.The characteristics of hybrid F1 of Cyprinus carpio var.specularis(♀)and Megalobrama amblycephala(♂)[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2003,33(5):16-18[金万昆,朱振秀,王春英,等.框鳞镜鲤(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂交及其杂种F1的形态学特征.淡水渔业,2003,33(5):16-18]
[28]Jin W K,Zhu Z X,Wang C Y,et al.A high survival rate of hybrid F1 was got from Cyprinu carpio L.Mirror(♀)×Megalobrama amblycephala(♂)[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2003,10(2):159-159[金万昆,朱振秀,王春英,等.散鳞镜鲤(♀)与团头鲂(♂)亚种间杂交获高成活率杂交后代.中国水产科学,2003,10(2):159-159]
[29]Foshan Guangdong Fisheries Bureau.The hybrid of Megalobrama amblycephala and Parabramis pekinensis[J].Fisheries Science&Technology Information,1975,(4):18-19[广东省佛山地区水产局.团头鲂长春鳊杂交种.水产科技情报,1975,(4):18-19]
[30]Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute.A brief introduction to breeding and basic theory of freshwater fish in two years[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1975,(1):45-47[中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所.两年来淡水养殖鱼类优良品种选育和基础理论研究简况.动物学杂志,1975,(1):45-47]
[31]Ye X,Xie G,Qi B L,et al.Comparison of karyotypes of the F1 hybrid(Megalobrama hoffmanni♀×M.amblycephala♂)with its parents[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2002,17(2):102-107[叶星,谢刚,祁宝伦,等.广东鲂(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂交子一代及其双亲染色体组型的分析.大连海洋大学学报,2002,17(2):102-107]
[32]Ye X,Xie G,Xu S Y,et al.Comparison on isozymes of F1 hybrid Megalobrama hoffmanni(♀)×Megalobrama amblycehala(♂)and its parents[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2001,10(2):118-122[叶星,谢刚,许淑英,等.广东鲂(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂交子一代及其双亲同工酶的比较.上海海洋大学学报,2001,10(2):118-122]
[33]Yang H Y,Li S F,Zou S M.A primary study on inheritance of morphological traits from Megalobrama amblycehala,Megalobrama terminalis to their reciprocal hybrids(F1)[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2002,11(4):305-309[杨怀宇,李思发,邹曙明.三角鲂与团头鲂正反交F1的遗传性状.上海海洋大学学报,2002,11(4):305-309]
[34]Zhu H P,Huang Z H,Lu M X.A comparative study on isozymes of Erythroculter ilishaeformis Bleeker and Erythroculter recurviceps Richardson[J].Journal of Dalian Fisherise University,2003,18(3):175-179[朱华平,黄樟翰,卢迈新.翘嘴红鲌和海南红鲌同工酶的比较研究.大连水产学院学报,2003,18(3):175-179]
[35]Hu J,Liu S,Xiao J,et al.Characteristics of diploid and triploid hybrids derived from female Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)×Xenocypris davidi Bleeker(♂)[J].Aquaculture,2012,(364-365):157-164
[36]Zou S,Li S,Cai W,et al.Ploidy polymorphism and morphological variation among reciprocal hybrids by Megalobrama amblycephala×Tinca tinca[J].Aquaculture,2007,270(1-4):574-579
[37]Yang H,Li D Y,Cao X,et al.Genetic potential analysis of six Tilapia populations by microsatellite DNA markers[J].Hereditas,2011,33(7):768-775
[38]Li S F,Chen L,Cai W Q.Genetic variations among a new tilapia hybrid[NEW GIFT Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)♀×blue tilapia(O.aureas)♂]and four closed genotypes of tilapia by RAPD and SSR analysis[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2008,32(5):657-664[李思发,陈林,蔡完其.吉奥罗非鱼(新吉富罗非鱼♀×奥利亚罗非鱼♂)和4个近缘遗传型罗非鱼的遗传差异的RAPD、SSR比较分析.水产学报,2008,32(5):657-664]
[39]Li O,Zhao Y Y,Guo N,et al.Effects of sample size and loci number on genetic diversity in wild population of grass carp revealed by SSR[J].Zoological Research,2009,30(2):121-130
[40]Botstein D,White R L,Skolnick M,et al.Construction of genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms[J].American Journal of Human Genetics,1980,(32):314-331
[41]Mi G Q,Zhao J L,Jia Y Y,et al.Morphological and microsatellite analysis of Siniperca chautsi♀×Siniperca scherzeri♂hybrid with their parents[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2010,19(2):145-150[宓国强,赵金良,贾永义,等.鳜(♀)×斑鳜(♂)杂种F1的形态特征与微卫星分析.上海海洋大学学报,2010,19(2):145-150]
[42]Jia Y Y,Gu Z M,Ye J Y,et al.Analysis on genetic variations of Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♀)×Megalobrama amblycephala(♂)Hybrids F1 by SRAP markers[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2011,20(2):198-203[贾永义,顾志敏,叶金云,等.翘嘴红鲌(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂种F1的SRAP标记分析.上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(2):198-203]
[2]Zheng G D,Wang C L,Guo D D,et al.Ploidy level and performance in meiotic gynogenetic offsprings of grass carp using UV-irradiated blunt snout bream sperm[J].Aquaculture and Fisheries,2017,2:213-219
[3]Lin Y H.A comparative of the karyotypes in Chinese bream,Herbivorous bream and their hybrid[J].Zoological Research,1984,5(3):65-67[林义浩.长春蝙、团头鲂及其杂种染色体组型的比较.动物学研究,1984,5(3):65-67]
[4]Ge L R.The Biological charaeteristics and genetic analysis of the Fl hybrid of Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)×Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)[D].Changsha:Hunan Normal University.2011[葛瑞玲.团头鲂(♀)×翘嘴红鲌(♂)杂交F1的生物学特征及遗传分析.长沙:湖南师范大学.2011]
[5]Jin W K,Yang J X,Gao Y P,et al.The rate of flesh content,nutrient composition and the amino acid content of Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)×Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2006,36(1):50-52[金万昆,杨建新,高永平,等.团头鲂(♀)×翘嘴红鲌(♂)杂种F1的含肉率、肌肉营养成分及氨基酸含量.淡水渔业,2006,36(1):50-52]
[6]Biology,Shanxi University,Taiyuan Agriculture and Forestry Water Service Station.Preliminary study on artificial hybridization of bream[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1973,(5):6-9[山西大学生物系,太原市农林水利服务站.鳊鲂人工杂交的初步研究.淡水渔业科技动态,1973,(5):6-9]
[7]Gu Z M,Jia Y Y,Ye J Y,et al.Studies on morphological characteristics and genetic analysis of the hybrid F1Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)×Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2008,32(4):533-543[顾志敏,贾永义,叶金云,等.翘嘴红鲌(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂种F1的形态特征及遗传分析.水产学报,2008,32(4):533-543]
[8]Zheng G D,Zhang Q Q,Li F G,et al.Genetic characteristics and growth performance of different Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)×Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)hybrids[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2015,22(3):402-409[郑国栋,张倩倩,李福贵,等.团头鲂(♀)×翘嘴鲌(♂)杂交后代的遗传特征及生长差异.中国水产科学,2015,22(3):402-409]
[9]Ma H J,Liu X T,Huang H,et al.Comparative analysis on the composition and composition pattern of essential amino acids in muscle of crossbreed F1[Megalobrama terminalis(♀)×Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♂)]and its parents[J].Journal of Fisheries Research,2016,38(4):281-287[马恒甲,刘新轶,黄辉,等.三角鲂(♀)×翘嘴红鲌(♂)F1及其亲本肌肉成分与必需氨基酸组成模式的比较分析.渔业研究,2016,38(4):281-287]
[10]Li S F.Introduction of improved varieties of fish No.1 Pujiang Megalobrama amblycephala[J].China Fisheries,2001,(11):52[李思发.鱼类良种介绍团头鲂浦江1号.中国水产,2001,(11):52]
[11]Tang S J,Li S F,Cai W Q.Development of microsatellite markers for blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala using 5′-anchored PCR[J].Molecular Ecology Resources,2009,9(3):971-974
[12]Li W T,Liao X L,Yu X M,et al.Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in Wuchang bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)[J].Molecular Ecology Notes,2007,7(5):771-773
[13]Gao Z X,Luo W,Liu H,et al.Transcriptome analysis and SSR/SNP markers information of the blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)[J].PLoS One,2012,7(8):e42637
[14]Zhang Q Q,Chen J,Jiang X Y,et al.Establishment of DNA fingerprinting and analysis on genetic structure of different Parabramis and Megalobrama populations with microsatellite[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(1):15-22[张倩倩,陈杰,蒋霞云,等.不同鳊鲂鱼类群体微卫星DNA指纹图谱的构建和遗传结构分.水产学报,2014,38(1):15-22]
[15]Gao D,Du F,Zhu Y Y.Low-background and high-resolution contracted silver-stained method in polyacrylamide gels electrophoresis[J].Hereditas(Beijing),2009,31(6):668-673
[16]Wu X D,Lian Z Q,Hou Y X,et al.Application analysis of microsatellite makers from Silurus meriaionals on three species of siluriformes[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2011,35(4):638-645[吴旭东,连总强,侯玉霞,等.大口鲇微卫星标记在三个鲇形目鱼类种群间适用性研究.水生生物学报,2011,35(4):638-645]
[17]Yu D M,Ma H T,Sun X W.Genetic diversity in three rainbow trout populations as revealed by microsatellite markers[J].Journal of Zoology,2007,42(4):8-14[于冬梅,马海涛,孙效文.三个虹鳟养殖群体遗传结构的微卫星分析.动物学杂志,2007,42(4):8-14]
[18]Lou Y D.Fish Breeding[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.2001[楼允东.鱼类育种学.北京:中国农业出版社.2001]
[19]Beijing Fisheries Station.Preliminary summary of introduction and hybridization of fish[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1973,(3):15-18[北京市水产实验站.鱼类引种和杂交实验的初步总结.淡水渔业,1973,(3):15-18]
[20]Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute.The hybrids of grass carp and Wuchang fish[J].Today Sciences and Technology,1972,(20):42-43[长江水产研究所.草鱼和武昌鱼杂交种.今日科技,1972,(20):42-43]
[21]Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute.Preliminary study on several kinds of economic fish and their hybrid chromosomes[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1975,(2):11-13[长江水产研究所.几种经济鱼类及其杂种染色体的初步研究.淡水渔业,1975,(2):11-13]
[22]Liu S Y.Studies on cytogenetics of Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Megalobrama terminalis and their triploid F1 hybird[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1987,11(1):52-58[刘思阳.三倍体草鲂杂种及其双亲的细胞遗传学研究.水生生物学报,1987,11(1):52-58]
[23]Liu S Y,Li S W.On the Erythrocyte nucleus size and DNA contents of Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Megalobrama terminalis and their triploid F1 hybird[J].Journal of Genetics,1987,(2):62-68[刘思阳,李素文.三倍体草鲂杂种及其双亲的红细胞(核)大小和DNA含量.遗传学报,1987,(2):62-68]
[24]Pan G B.Preliminary study on hybrid of silver carp and bream[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1987,1(1):17-19[潘光碧.鲢鲂杂交鱼的初步研究.淡水渔业,1987,1(1):17-19]
[25]Zhu L F,Gui J F,Liang S C,et al.Isozyme expression of distant hybridization offspring andartificial triploid in silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1993,17(4):293-297[朱蓝菲,桂建芳,梁绍昌,等.鲢的远缘杂交子代和人工三倍体的同工酶表达.水生生物学报,1993,17(4):293-297]
[26]Jin W K,Yang J X,Zhao Y S,et al.Compare the gonadal tissue of hybrid F1 of Cyprinus carpio var.specularis(♀)and Megalobrama amblycephala(♂)with parent[J].China Fisheries,2005,(7):63-65[金万昆,杨建新,赵宜双,等.框鳞镜鲤♀×团头鲂♂杂种F1与亲本性腺组织学比较研究.中国水产,2005,(7):63-65]
[27]Jin W K,Zhu Z X,Wang C Y,et al.The characteristics of hybrid F1 of Cyprinus carpio var.specularis(♀)and Megalobrama amblycephala(♂)[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2003,33(5):16-18[金万昆,朱振秀,王春英,等.框鳞镜鲤(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂交及其杂种F1的形态学特征.淡水渔业,2003,33(5):16-18]
[28]Jin W K,Zhu Z X,Wang C Y,et al.A high survival rate of hybrid F1 was got from Cyprinu carpio L.Mirror(♀)×Megalobrama amblycephala(♂)[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2003,10(2):159-159[金万昆,朱振秀,王春英,等.散鳞镜鲤(♀)与团头鲂(♂)亚种间杂交获高成活率杂交后代.中国水产科学,2003,10(2):159-159]
[29]Foshan Guangdong Fisheries Bureau.The hybrid of Megalobrama amblycephala and Parabramis pekinensis[J].Fisheries Science&Technology Information,1975,(4):18-19[广东省佛山地区水产局.团头鲂长春鳊杂交种.水产科技情报,1975,(4):18-19]
[30]Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute.A brief introduction to breeding and basic theory of freshwater fish in two years[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1975,(1):45-47[中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所.两年来淡水养殖鱼类优良品种选育和基础理论研究简况.动物学杂志,1975,(1):45-47]
[31]Ye X,Xie G,Qi B L,et al.Comparison of karyotypes of the F1 hybrid(Megalobrama hoffmanni♀×M.amblycephala♂)with its parents[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2002,17(2):102-107[叶星,谢刚,祁宝伦,等.广东鲂(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂交子一代及其双亲染色体组型的分析.大连海洋大学学报,2002,17(2):102-107]
[32]Ye X,Xie G,Xu S Y,et al.Comparison on isozymes of F1 hybrid Megalobrama hoffmanni(♀)×Megalobrama amblycehala(♂)and its parents[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2001,10(2):118-122[叶星,谢刚,许淑英,等.广东鲂(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂交子一代及其双亲同工酶的比较.上海海洋大学学报,2001,10(2):118-122]
[33]Yang H Y,Li S F,Zou S M.A primary study on inheritance of morphological traits from Megalobrama amblycehala,Megalobrama terminalis to their reciprocal hybrids(F1)[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2002,11(4):305-309[杨怀宇,李思发,邹曙明.三角鲂与团头鲂正反交F1的遗传性状.上海海洋大学学报,2002,11(4):305-309]
[34]Zhu H P,Huang Z H,Lu M X.A comparative study on isozymes of Erythroculter ilishaeformis Bleeker and Erythroculter recurviceps Richardson[J].Journal of Dalian Fisherise University,2003,18(3):175-179[朱华平,黄樟翰,卢迈新.翘嘴红鲌和海南红鲌同工酶的比较研究.大连水产学院学报,2003,18(3):175-179]
[35]Hu J,Liu S,Xiao J,et al.Characteristics of diploid and triploid hybrids derived from female Megalobrama amblycephala(♀)×Xenocypris davidi Bleeker(♂)[J].Aquaculture,2012,(364-365):157-164
[36]Zou S,Li S,Cai W,et al.Ploidy polymorphism and morphological variation among reciprocal hybrids by Megalobrama amblycephala×Tinca tinca[J].Aquaculture,2007,270(1-4):574-579
[37]Yang H,Li D Y,Cao X,et al.Genetic potential analysis of six Tilapia populations by microsatellite DNA markers[J].Hereditas,2011,33(7):768-775
[38]Li S F,Chen L,Cai W Q.Genetic variations among a new tilapia hybrid[NEW GIFT Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)♀×blue tilapia(O.aureas)♂]and four closed genotypes of tilapia by RAPD and SSR analysis[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2008,32(5):657-664[李思发,陈林,蔡完其.吉奥罗非鱼(新吉富罗非鱼♀×奥利亚罗非鱼♂)和4个近缘遗传型罗非鱼的遗传差异的RAPD、SSR比较分析.水产学报,2008,32(5):657-664]
[39]Li O,Zhao Y Y,Guo N,et al.Effects of sample size and loci number on genetic diversity in wild population of grass carp revealed by SSR[J].Zoological Research,2009,30(2):121-130
[40]Botstein D,White R L,Skolnick M,et al.Construction of genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms[J].American Journal of Human Genetics,1980,(32):314-331
[41]Mi G Q,Zhao J L,Jia Y Y,et al.Morphological and microsatellite analysis of Siniperca chautsi♀×Siniperca scherzeri♂hybrid with their parents[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2010,19(2):145-150[宓国强,赵金良,贾永义,等.鳜(♀)×斑鳜(♂)杂种F1的形态特征与微卫星分析.上海海洋大学学报,2010,19(2):145-150]
[42]Jia Y Y,Gu Z M,Ye J Y,et al.Analysis on genetic variations of Erythroculter ilishaeformis(♀)×Megalobrama amblycephala(♂)Hybrids F1 by SRAP markers[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2011,20(2):198-203[贾永义,顾志敏,叶金云,等.翘嘴红鲌(♀)×团头鲂(♂)杂种F1的SRAP标记分析.上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(2):198-203]