复杂环境下烟囱的机械与定向爆破联合拆除
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摘要
介绍了在倒塌距离不足的复杂环境下,采用机械和定向爆破联合拆除的方法拆除80 m高的钢筋混凝土烟囱的工程实例。爆破缺口选择为正梯形,位置距烟囱底部23. 5 m处,缺口的长度为10. 8 m,高度为1. 5 m。通过合理的延期时差和起爆顺序,使烟囱倒塌时产生一定的后座,缩短了11. 5 m的上部烟囱倒塌距离,同时利用后座的剪切作用降低了6. 8 m下部烟囱的高度,保证烟囱剩余部分机械拆除的安全。通过合理的爆破参数设计和控制爆破危害效应的有效措施,爆破达到了预期的效果。
An engineering example of demolishing an 80 m reinforced concrete chimney by mechanical and directional blasting methods is introduced under the complex environment with an insufficient collapse distance. A trapezoidal blasting gap for this directional demolition blast is located 23. 5 m above the bottom of the chimney. The length of the gap is 10. 8 m and the height is 1. 5 m. Through a reasonable delay time interval and an initiation sequence,a certain recoil happens at the moment when the chimney is tilted. As a results,the collapse distance of the11. 5 m upper chimney and the height of the 6. 8m bottom part are shortened by the shearing action induced by the recoil so as to ensure the safety of mechanical demolition of the rest of the chimney. An expected result has been achieved through a reasonable design of blasting parameters and effective measures to control the harmful influences of the demolition blast.
An engineering example of demolishing an 80 m reinforced concrete chimney by mechanical and directional blasting methods is introduced under the complex environment with an insufficient collapse distance. A trapezoidal blasting gap for this directional demolition blast is located 23. 5 m above the bottom of the chimney. The length of the gap is 10. 8 m and the height is 1. 5 m. Through a reasonable delay time interval and an initiation sequence,a certain recoil happens at the moment when the chimney is tilted. As a results,the collapse distance of the11. 5 m upper chimney and the height of the 6. 8m bottom part are shortened by the shearing action induced by the recoil so as to ensure the safety of mechanical demolition of the rest of the chimney. An expected result has been achieved through a reasonable design of blasting parameters and effective measures to control the harmful influences of the demolition blast.
引文
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[9]高文乐,葛家才,柳姬,等.国内冷却塔拆除爆破设计综述[J].爆破,2012,29(2):67-71.GAO Wen-le,GE Jia-cai,LIU Ji,et al. Review of domestic demolition blasting design of cooling tower[J]. Blasting,2012,29(2):67-71.(in Chinese)
[10]李胜林,栗曰峰,李奎,等.爆破振动速度预测误差的可靠性分析[J].爆破,2013,30(1):119-121.LI Sheng-lin,LI Yue-feng,LI Kui,et al. Reliability analysis of estimation error in blasting vibration velocity[J].Blasting,2013,30(1):119-121.(in Chinese)
[11]唐春海. 150 m高烟囱爆破拆除振动测试[C]∥中国力学学会工程爆破专业委员会.中国力学学会工程爆破专业委员会2013年年度工作会议暨学术交流会论文集,2013:3.TANG Chun-hai. Vibration test for blasting demolition of150 m tall chimneys[C]∥Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Engineering Blasting Professional Committee. Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Engineering Blasting Professional Committee's 2013 Annual Working Conference and Proceedings of Academic Exchange Conference,2013:3.(in Chinese)
[12]王晨,高文乐,方昌华,等. 100 m高钢筋混凝土烟囱的双向折叠爆破拆除[J].工程爆破,2010(16):68-71.WANG Chen,GAO Wen-le,FANG Chang-hua,et al. Bidirectional folding blasting demolition of a 100 m-high reinforced concrete chimney[J]. Engineering Blasting,2010(16):68-71.(in Chinese)
[2]何松,林大能,喻智,等. 2座45 m砖烟囱的爆破拆除[J].采矿技术,2017,17(1):72-73,85.HE Song,LIN Da-neng,YU Zhi,et al. Blasting demolition of 2 45 m brick chimneys[J]. Mining Technology,2017,17(1):72-73,85.(in Chinese)
[3]魏德,李玉岐.缺口形状对烟囱拆除爆破倒塌过程的影响分析[J].爆破,2008,25(4):92-95.WEI De,LI Yu-qi. Influence of incision shape on blasting collapse process of chimney demolition analysis[J]. Blasting,2008,25(4):92-95.(in Chinese)
[4]王旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2011:20.
[5]李禹锡,彭小林,万朝海,等.两侧紧邻建筑物处烟囱爆破拆除技术[J].广东水利电力职业技术学院学报,2017,15(4):70-74.LI Yu-xi,PENG Xiao-lin,WAN Chao-hai,et al. Chimney blasting demolition technology near buildings on both sides[J]. Journal of Guangdong Vocational and Technical College of Water Conservancy and Electric Power,2017,15(4):70-74.(in Chinese)
[6]张宝岗,赵明生,余红兵,等.切口角度对冷却塔爆破拆除影响研究[J].爆破,2018,35(1):109-115.ZHANG Bao-gang,ZHAO Ming-sheng,YU Hong-bing,et al. Study on the influence of incision angle on blasting demolition of cooling tower[J]. Blasting,2018,35(1):109-115.(in Chinese)
[7]郑文富,张文龙,陈少辉.复杂环境下120 m高烟囱定向爆破拆除[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2018,45(1):89-92.ZHENG Wen-fu,ZHANG Wen-long,CHEN Shao-hui. Directional blasting demolition of 120 m tall chimneys in complex environment[J]. Prospecting Engineering(Geotechnical Drilling and Tunneling Engineering),2018,45(1):89-92.(in Chinese)
[8]熊祖钊,易流,黄小武,等.城市复杂环境下基坑土石方爆破振动控制研究[J].爆破,2016,33(1):45-49.XIONG Zu-zhao,YI Liu,HUANG Xiao-wu,et al. Study on vibration control of foundation pit earthwork blasting under complex urban environment[J]. Blasting,2016,33(1):45-49.(in Chinese)
[9]高文乐,葛家才,柳姬,等.国内冷却塔拆除爆破设计综述[J].爆破,2012,29(2):67-71.GAO Wen-le,GE Jia-cai,LIU Ji,et al. Review of domestic demolition blasting design of cooling tower[J]. Blasting,2012,29(2):67-71.(in Chinese)
[10]李胜林,栗曰峰,李奎,等.爆破振动速度预测误差的可靠性分析[J].爆破,2013,30(1):119-121.LI Sheng-lin,LI Yue-feng,LI Kui,et al. Reliability analysis of estimation error in blasting vibration velocity[J].Blasting,2013,30(1):119-121.(in Chinese)
[11]唐春海. 150 m高烟囱爆破拆除振动测试[C]∥中国力学学会工程爆破专业委员会.中国力学学会工程爆破专业委员会2013年年度工作会议暨学术交流会论文集,2013:3.TANG Chun-hai. Vibration test for blasting demolition of150 m tall chimneys[C]∥Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Engineering Blasting Professional Committee. Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Engineering Blasting Professional Committee's 2013 Annual Working Conference and Proceedings of Academic Exchange Conference,2013:3.(in Chinese)
[12]王晨,高文乐,方昌华,等. 100 m高钢筋混凝土烟囱的双向折叠爆破拆除[J].工程爆破,2010(16):68-71.WANG Chen,GAO Wen-le,FANG Chang-hua,et al. Bidirectional folding blasting demolition of a 100 m-high reinforced concrete chimney[J]. Engineering Blasting,2010(16):68-71.(in Chinese)