基于模糊综合评价法对环渤海潮土区棉花施用控释氮肥的效益评价
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摘要
【目的】为定量综合评价环渤海潮土区棉花施用控释氮肥的效益,建立了包括社会、经济和生态环境3个方面共9项指标的多因素二级评价指标体系。【方法】本研究采用模糊评价的方法,定量评价了棉花施用氮肥的5个处理[不施肥对照处理CK;常规氮肥尿素(F);等量控释氮肥(CF1); 80%控释氮肥(CF2); 60%控释氮肥(CF3)]的社会效益、经济效益、生态环境效益以及综合效益,以期为该地区的棉花生产建立生态环境友好型的农业生产模式提供理论支持。【结果】只考虑社会效益时,施等量控释氮肥(CF1)最高;仅考虑经济效益时,5个不同处理的经济效益从高到低的顺序为:常规氮肥尿素(F)> 80%控释氮肥(CF2)>等量控释氮肥(CF1)> 60%控释氮肥(CF3)>不施氮肥对照处理CK;只考虑生态环境效益时,80%控释氮肥(CF2)生态效益最高;将社会效益、经济效益、生态环境效益三因素综合考虑时,综合效益最高的是80%控释氮肥(CF2)。【结论】该地区施用控释氮肥推荐用量为等养分常规尿素的80%。
【Objective】In order to quantitatively evaluate the benefits of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer( CRNF) of cotton in the fluvoaquic soil of Bohai sea,the multi-factor secondary evaluation index system was established,which included 9 indexes from 3 aspects of society,economy and ecological environment. 【Method】The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was applied,and the society,economy and ecological environment benefits of CRNF of cotton were quantitatively evaluated,including five treatments[i. e.,the control treatment without fertilization( CK),conventional nitrogen fertilizer urea( F),equal amounts of CRNF( CF1),CRNF of 80 %( CF2),CRNF of 80 %( CF3) ],which would provide a theoretical support for constructing the eco-friendly agriculture production model of cotton in this region.【Result】When only the social benefit was considered,the maximum value under CF1 treatment was observed; When only the economic benefit was considered,the economic benefit order of the five treatments was that:( F) >( CF2) >( CF1) >( CF3) >( CK); When only the ecological environmental benefit was considered,the maximum value under( CF2) treatment was observed; When the society,economy and ecological environment benefits were comprehensively considered,the maximum value was observed under( CF2) treatment. 【conclusion】Thus,CF2 was the proposed dosage of CRNF for this region.
【Objective】In order to quantitatively evaluate the benefits of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer( CRNF) of cotton in the fluvoaquic soil of Bohai sea,the multi-factor secondary evaluation index system was established,which included 9 indexes from 3 aspects of society,economy and ecological environment. 【Method】The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was applied,and the society,economy and ecological environment benefits of CRNF of cotton were quantitatively evaluated,including five treatments[i. e.,the control treatment without fertilization( CK),conventional nitrogen fertilizer urea( F),equal amounts of CRNF( CF1),CRNF of 80 %( CF2),CRNF of 80 %( CF3) ],which would provide a theoretical support for constructing the eco-friendly agriculture production model of cotton in this region.【Result】When only the social benefit was considered,the maximum value under CF1 treatment was observed; When only the economic benefit was considered,the economic benefit order of the five treatments was that:( F) >( CF2) >( CF1) >( CF3) >( CK); When only the ecological environmental benefit was considered,the maximum value under( CF2) treatment was observed; When the society,economy and ecological environment benefits were comprehensively considered,the maximum value was observed under( CF2) treatment. 【conclusion】Thus,CF2 was the proposed dosage of CRNF for this region.
引文
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[20]王火焰,周健民.肥料养分真实利用率计算与施肥策略[J].土壤学报,2014,51(2):216-224.
[2]王涛,王艳平.模糊数学及其应用[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2005:101-114.
[3]石晓翠,钱翌,熊建新.模糊数学模型在土壤重金属污染评价中的应用[J].土壤通报,2006,37(2):334-336.
[4]范丽娟,田广星.基于模糊综合评价法的银川市土地集约利用评价[J].农业科学研究,2017,38(4):1-4.
[5]俞丹萍.不同施肥模式对设施黄瓜地滲漏水氮磷流失、黄瓜品质产量的影响及最优施肥模式的评价[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[6]俞丹萍,覃亚,潘洪明,等.基于模糊综合评价法的温室黄瓜种植最优化施肥模式评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(11):2200-2206.
[7]于春燕.黑龙江作物秸秆不同利用模式下的效益评价[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2010.
[8]于春燕,孟军.基于AHP和模糊评判的生物质秸秆发电的效益评价[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(4):323-327.
[9]王遵亲.中国盐渍土[M].北京:科学出版社,1993.
[10]邓忠,白丹,翟国亮,等.施肥方式和施氮量对棉花地上部分干物质累积、产量和品质的影响[J].华北农学报,2011,26(3):224-230.
[11]王庆仁,李继云.论合理施肥与土壤环境的可持续性发展[J].环境科学进展,1999,7(2):117-125.
[12]邢雪荣,韩兴国,陈灵芝.植物养分利用效率研究综述[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(5):785-790.
[13]何绪生,李素霞,李旭辉,等.控效肥料的研究进展[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1998,4(2):97-106.
[14]郭亚利,武忠亮,袁玲.我国控释肥料的研究进展[J].磷肥与复肥,2005,20(4):13.
[15]孙强生.控释肥在棉花上的肥效研究[D].济南:山东农业大学,2007.
[16]李学刚,宋宪亮,孙学振.控释氮肥对棉花叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(3):656-662.
[17]李伶俐,马宗斌,谭金芳,等.控释氮肥对棉花产量的影响及光合特性的研究[J].棉花学报,2005,17(5):275-279.
[18]王彦梅,李松.基于AHP和模糊评价的供应链合作伙伴的选择[J].企业经济,2006(7):43-45.
[19]蔡敏琦.模糊综合评价在清洁生产评价中得应用研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2008.
[20]王火焰,周健民.肥料养分真实利用率计算与施肥策略[J].土壤学报,2014,51(2):216-224.